2 $PostgreSQL: pgsql/doc/src/sgml/release.sgml,v 1.282 2004/08/13 18:22:12 tgl Exp $
5 <appendix id="release">
6 <title>Release Notes</title>
8 <sect1 id="release-8-0">
9 <title>Release 8.0</title>
12 <title>Release date</title>
13 <simpara>2004-??-??, current as of 2004-08-06</simpara>
17 <title>Overview</title>
20 Major changes in this release:
30 This is the first PostgreSQL release to natively run on Microsoft
31 Windows as a server. It can run as a Windows service. This release
32 supports NT-based Windows releases like NT4, Win2k, XP, Win2003.
33 Older releases like Windows 95, 98, and ME are not supported because
34 these operating systems do not have the infrastructure to
35 support PostgreSQL. A separate installer project has been created
36 to ease installation on Windows (except NT4):
37 <ulink url="http://pgfoundry.org/projects/pginstaller">
38 http://pgfoundry.org/projects/pginstaller</ulink>.
41 Previous releases required the Unix emulation toolkit Cygwin for
42 Win32 server support. PostgreSQL has always supported clients on Win32.
49 Savepoints Improve Transaction Control
54 Savepoints allow specific parts of a transaction to be aborted
55 without affecting the remainder of the transaction. Prior
56 releases had no such capability; there was no way to recover from
57 a statement failure within a transaction except by aborting the whole
58 transaction. This feature is valuable
59 for application writers who require error recovery within a
67 Point-In-Time Recovery Increases Reliability
72 Though PostgreSQL is very reliable, in previous releases there
73 was no way to recover from disk drive failure except to restore
74 from a previous backup or use a standby replication server.
75 Point-in-time recovery allows continuous backup of the server.
76 You can recover either to the point of failure or to some
77 transaction in the past.
84 Tablespaces Simplify Disk Layout
89 Tablespaces allow administrators
90 to select the file systems used for storage of databases,
91 schemas, tables, or indexes. This improves performance and
92 control over disk space usage. Prior releases used
93 <literal>initlocation</> and manual symlink management for such tasks.
100 Improved Buffer Management, CHECKPOINT, VACUUM
105 This release has a more intelligent buffer replacement strategy,
106 which will make better use of available shared buffers and
107 improve performance. The performance impact of vacuum and
108 checkpoints is also lessened.
120 A column's data type can now be changed with ALTER TABLE.
127 New Perl Server-Side Language
132 A new version of the <application>plperl</> server-side language now
133 supports a persistent shared storage area, triggers, returning records
134 and arrays of records, and SPI calls to access the database.
141 COPY Handles Comma-Separated-Value Files
146 COPY can now read and write comma-separated-value (CSV) files. It
147 has the flexibility to interpret non-standard quoting and
148 separation characters too.
158 <title>Migration to version 8.0</title>
161 A dump/restore using <application>pg_dump</application> is
162 required for those wishing to migrate data from any previous
167 Observe the following incompatibilities:
173 Server configuration parameters <varname>virtual_host</> and
174 <varname>tcpip_socket</> have been replaced with a more general
175 parameter <varname>listen_addresses</>. Also, the server now listens on
176 <literal>localhost</> by default, which eliminates the need for the
177 <literal>-i</> postmaster switch in many scenarios.
183 Server configuration parameters <varname>SortMem</> and
184 <varname>VacuumMem</> have been renamed to <varname>work_mem</> and
185 <varname>maintenance_work_mem</> to better reflect their use. The
186 original names are still supported in SET and SHOW.
192 Server configuration parameters <varname>log_pid</>,
193 <varname>log_timestamp</>, and <varname>log_source_port</> have been
194 removed now that a more flexible <varname>log_line_prefix</> has been
201 Server configuration parameter <varname>syslog</> has been removed and
202 replaced with a more logical <varname>log_destination</> variable to
203 control the log output destination.
209 Server configuration parameter <varname>log_statement</> has been
210 changed so it can selectively log just database modification or
211 data definition statements.
217 Server configuration parameter <varname>max_expr_depth</> parameter has
218 been replaced with <varname>max_stack_depth</> which measures the
219 physical stack size rather than the expression nesting depth. This
220 helps prevent session termination due to stack overflow caused by
227 The length() function no longer counts trailing spaces in
234 Casting an integer to BIT(N) selects the rightmost N bits of the
235 integer, not the leftmost N bits as before.
241 UPDATE-ing an element or slice of a NULL array value now produces
242 a non-NULL array result, namely an array containing
243 just the assigned-to positions.
249 The server now warns of empty strings passed to oid/float4/float8
250 data types. In the next major release, doing this will generate an
257 The extract() function (also called date_part) now returns the proper
258 year for BC dates. It previously returned one less than the current
259 year. The function now also returns the proper values for millennium
266 psql's \copy command now reads or writes the query stdin/stdout, rather
267 than psql's stdin/stdout. The previous behavior can be accessed via new
268 pstdin/pstdout parameters.
273 <para> The JDBC client interface has been removed from the core
274 distribution, and is now hosted at <ulink url=
275 "http://jdbc.postgresql.org">http://jdbc.postgresql.org</ulink>.
276 The TCL client interface has also been removed. There are several
277 TCL interfaces now hosted at <ulink url=
278 "http://gborg.postgresql.org">http://gborg.postgresql.org</ulink>.
284 The server now uses its own time zone database, rather than the
285 one supplied by the operating system. This will provide consistent
286 behavior across all platforms. In most cases, there should be
287 little noticeable difference in time zone behavior, except that
288 the time zone names used by SET/SHOW <varname>TimeZone</> may
289 be different from what your platform provides.
295 EXECUTE now returns a completion tag that matches the executed
302 configure's threading option no longer requires users to run
303 tests or edit configuration files; threading options are now detected
310 Now that tablespaces have been implemented, initlocation has been
317 Syntax checking of array input processing has been tighened up
318 considerably. Junk that was previously allowed in odd places with
319 odd results now causes an ERROR. Also changed behavior with respect
320 to whitespace surrounding array elements; trailing whitespace is now
321 ignored as well as leading whitespace (which has always been ignored).
329 <title>Changes</title>
332 Below you will find a detailed account of the changes between
333 release 8.0 and the previous major release.
337 <title>Performance Improvements</title>
342 Support cross-data-type index usage (Tom)
345 Before this change, many queries would not use an index if the data
346 types did not match exactly. This improvement makes index usage more
347 intuitive and consistent.
353 New buffer replacement strategy that improves caching (Jan)
356 Prior releases used a least-recently-used (LRU) cache to keep
357 recently referenced pages in memory. The LRU algorithm
358 did not consider the number of times a specific cache entry was
359 accessed, so large table scans could force out useful cache pages.
360 The new cache algorithm uses four separate lists to track most
361 recently used and most frequently used cache pages and dynamically
362 optimize their replacement based on the work load. This should
363 lead to much more efficient use of the shared buffer cache.
364 Administrators who have tested shared buffer sizes in the past
365 should retest with this new cache replacement policy.
371 Add subprocess to write dirty buffers periodically to reduce checkpoint writes (Jan)
374 In previous releases, the checkpoint process, which runs every few
375 minutes, would write all dirty buffers to the operating system's
376 buffer cache then flush all dirty operating system buffers to
377 disk. This often resulted in a periodic spike in disk usage that
378 hurt performance. The new code uses a background writer to trickle
379 disk writes at a steady pace so checkpoints have far fewer dirty
380 pages to write to disk. Also, the new code does not issue a global
381 sync() call, but instead fsync()s just the files written since the
382 last checkpoint. This should improve performance and
383 minimize degradation during checkpoints.
389 Add ability to prolong vacuum to reduce performance impact (Jan)
392 On busy systems, VACUUM performs many I/O requests which can hurt
393 performance for other users. This release allows you to slow down
394 VACUUM to reduce its impact on other users, though this increases the
395 total duration of VACUUM.
401 Improve btree index performance for duplicate keys (Dmitry Tkach, Tom)
404 This improves the way indexes are scanned when many duplicate
405 values exist in the index.
411 Improved index usage with OR clauses (Tom)
414 This allows the optimizer to use indexes in statements with many OR
415 clauses that would not have been indexed in the past. It can also use
416 multi-column indexes where the first column is specified and the second
417 column is part of an OR clause.
423 Improve matching of partial index clauses (Tom)
426 The server is now smarter about using partial indexes in queries
427 involving complex WHERE clauses.
433 Improve performance of the GEQO optimizer (Tom)
436 The GEQO optimizer is used to plan queries involving many tables (by
437 default, twelve or more). This release speeds up the way queries are
438 analyzed to decrease time spent in optimization.
444 Miscellaneous optimizer improvements
447 There is not room here to list all the minor improvements made, but
448 numerous special cases work better than in prior releases.
454 Improve lookup speed for C functions (Tom)
457 This release uses a hash table to lookup information for dynamically
458 loaded C functions. This improves their speed so they perform nearly as
459 quickly as functions that are built into the server executable.
465 Add type-specific ANALYZE statistics capability (Mark Cave-Ayland)
468 This feature allows more flexibility in generating statistics
469 for non-standard data types.
475 Allow collection of ANALYZE statistics for expression indexes (Tom)
478 Expression indexes (also called functional indexes) allow users to
479 index not just columns but the results of expressions and function
480 calls. With this release, the optimizer can gather and use statistics
481 about the contents of expression indexes. This will greatly improve
482 the quality of planning for queries in which an expression index is
489 New two-stage sampling method for ANALYZE (Manfred Koizar)
492 This gives better statistics for asymmetric data distributions.
498 Speed up TRUNCATE (Tom)
501 This buys back some of the performance loss observed in 7.4, while still
502 keeping TRUNCATE transaction-safe.
511 <title>Server Changes</title>
516 Add WAL file archiving and point-in-time recovery (Simon Riggs)
522 Add tablespaces so admins can control disk layout (Gavin)
528 Add a built-in log rotation program (Andreas Pflug)
531 It is now possible to log server messages conveniently without
532 relying on either syslog or an external log rotation program.
538 Add new read-only server configuration parameters to query server
539 compile-time settings: <varname>block_size</>,
540 <varname>integer_datetimes</>, <varname>max_function_args</>,
541 <varname>max_identifier_length</>, <varname>max_index_keys</> (Joe)
547 Make quoting of "sameuser", "samegroup", and "all" remove
548 special meaning of these terms in pg_hba.conf (Andrew)
554 Use clearer IPv6 name <literal>::1/128</> for localhost in default
561 Rename server configuration parameters <varname>SortMem</> and
562 <varname>VacuumMem</> to <varname>work_mem</> and
563 <varname>maintenance_work_mem</> (Old names still supported) (Tom)
566 This change was made to clarify that bulk operations such as index and
567 foreign key creation use <varname>maintenance_work_mem</>, while
568 <varname>work_mem</> is for workspaces used during query execution.
574 Allow logging of session disconnections using server configuration
575 <varname>log_disconnections</> (Andrew)
581 Add new server configuration parameter <varname>log_line_prefix</> to
582 allow control of information emitted in each log line (Andrew)
585 Available information includes user name, database name, remote IP
586 address, and session start time.
592 Remove server configuration parameters <varname>log_pid</>,
593 <varname>log_timestamp</>, <varname>log_source_port</>; functionality
594 superseded by <varname>log_line_prefix</> (Andrew)
600 Replace the <varname>virtual_host</> and <varname>tcpip_socket</>
601 parameters with a unified <varname>listen_addresses</> parameter
608 Listen on localhost by default, which eliminates the need for the
609 <literal>-i</> postmaster switch in many scenarios (Andrew)
612 Listening on localhost (127.0.0.1) opens no new security holes but
613 allows configurations like Win32 and JDBC, which do not support
614 local sockets, to work without special adjustments.
620 Remove <varname>syslog</> server configuration parameter, and add more
621 logical <varname>log_destination</> variable to control log output
628 Change server configuration parameter <varname>log_statement</> to take
629 values <varname>all</>, <varname>mod</>, <varname>ddl</>, or
630 <varname>none</> to select which queries are logged (Bruce)
633 This allows administrators to log only data definition changes or
634 only data modification statements.
640 Allow configuration files to be placed outside the data directory (mlw)
643 By default, configuration files sit in the top server directory.
644 With this addition, configuration files can be placed outside the
645 data directory, easing administration.
651 Plan prepared queries only when first executed so constants can be
652 used for statistics (Oliver Jowett)
655 Prepared statements plan queries once and execute them many
656 times. While prepared queries avoid the overhead of re-planning
657 on each use, the quality of the plan suffers from not knowing the exact
658 parameters to be used in the query. In this release, planning of
659 unnamed prepared statements is delayed until the first execution,
660 and the actual parameter values of that execution are used as
667 Allow DECLARE CURSOR to take parameters (Oliver Jowett)
670 It is now useful to issue DECLARE CURSOR in a Parse message with
671 parameters. The parameter values sent at Bind time will be substituted
672 into the execution of the cursor's query.
678 Fix hash joins and aggregates of INET and CIDR data types (Tom)
681 Release 7.4 handled hashing of mixed INET and CIDR values incorrectly.
682 (This bug did not exist in prior releases because they wouldn't try
683 to hash either datatype.)
692 <title>Query Changes</title>
697 Add savepoints (nested transactions) (Alvaro)
703 Unsupported isolation levels are now accepted and promoted to the
704 nearest supported level (Peter)
707 The SQL specification states that if a database doesn't support a
708 specific isolation level, it should use the next more restrictive level.
709 This change complies with that recommendation.
715 Allow BEGIN WORK to specify transaction isolation levels like START
722 Fix table permission checking for cases in which rules generate
723 a query type different from the originally submitted query (Tom)
729 Implement dollar quoting to simplify single-quote usage (Andrew, Tom,
733 In previous releases, because single quotes had to be used to
734 quote a function's body, the use of single quotes inside the
735 function text required use of two single quotes or other error-prone
736 notations. With this release we add the ability to use "dollar
737 quoting" to quote a block of text. The ability to use different
738 quoting delimiters at different nesting levels greatly simplifies
739 the task of quoting correctly, especially in complex functions.
740 Dollar quoting can be used anywhere quoted text is needed.
746 Make <literal>CASE val WHEN compval1 THEN ...</> evaluate <literal>val</> only once (Tom)
749 CASE no longer evaluates the test expression multiple
750 times. This has benefits when the expression is complex or is
757 Test HAVING before computing target list of an aggregate query (Tom)
760 Fixes improper failure of cases such as SELECT SUM(win)/SUM(lose)
761 ... GROUP BY ... HAVING SUM(lose) > 0. This should work but formerly
762 could fail with divide-by-zero.
768 Replace <varname>max_expr_depth</> parameter with
769 <varname>max_stack_depth</> parameter, measured in kilobytes of stack
773 This gives us a fairly bulletproof defense against crashing due to
774 runaway recursive functions. Instead of measuring the depth of expression
775 nesting, we now directly measure the size of the execution stack.
781 Allow arbitrary row expressions (Tom)
784 This release allows SQL expressions to contain arbitrary composite
785 types, that is, row values. It also allows functions to more easily
786 take rows as arguments and return row values.
792 Allow LIKE/ILIKE to be used as the operator in row and subselect
793 comparisons (Fabien Coelho)
799 Avoid locale-specific case conversion of basic ASCII letters in
800 identifiers and keywords (Tom)
803 This solves the <quote>Turkish problem</> with mangling of words
804 containing <literal>I</> and <literal>i</>. Folding of characters
805 outside the 7-bit-ASCII set is still locale-aware.
811 Improve syntax error reporting (Fabien, Tom)
814 Syntax error reports are more useful than before.
820 Change EXECUTE to return a completion tag matching the executed statement
824 Previous releases return an EXECUTE tag for any EXECUTE call. In
825 this release, the tag returned will reflect the command executed.
831 Avoid emitting NATURAL CROSS JOIN in rule listings (Tom)
834 Such a clause makes no logical sense, but in some cases the rule
835 decompiler formerly produced this syntax.
844 <title>Object Manipulation Changes</title>
849 Add COMMENT ON casts, conversions, languages, operator classes, and
850 large objects (Christopher)
856 Add new server configuration parameter <varname>default_with_oids</> to
857 control whether tables are created with OIDs by default (Neil)
860 This allows administrators to default all CREATE TABLE commands to
861 create tables without OID columns.
867 Add WITH / WITHOUT OIDS clause to CREATE TABLE AS (Neil)
873 Allow ALTER TABLE DROP COLUMN to drop an OID column
874 (ALTER TABLE SET WITHOUT OIDS still works) (Tom)
880 Allow composite types as table columns (Tom)
886 Allow ALTER ... ADD COLUMN with defaults and NOT NULL constraints;
887 works per SQL spec (Rod)
890 It is now possible for ADD COLUMN to create a column that is not
891 initially filled with NULLs, but with a specified default value.
897 Add ALTER COLUMN TYPE to change column's type (Rod)
900 It is now possible to alter a column's datatype without dropping
901 and re-adding the column.
907 Allow multiple ALTER actions in a single ALTER TABLE command (Rod)
910 This is particularly useful for ALTER commands that rewrite the
911 table (which include ALTER COLUMN TYPE and ADD COLUMN with a default).
912 By grouping ALTER commands together, the table need be
919 Allow ALTER TABLE to add SERIAL columns (Tom)
922 This is related to the new capability of adding defaults for new
929 Allow changing the owners of aggregates, conversions, databases,
930 functions, operators, operator classes, schemas, types, and tablespaces
931 (Christopher, Euler Taveira de Oliveira)
934 Previously this required modifying the system tables directly.
940 Allow temporary object creation to be limited to SECURITY DEFINER
941 functions (Sean Chittenden)
947 Add ALTER TABLE ... SET WITHOUT CLUSTER (Christopher)
950 Prior to this release, there was no way to clear an auto-cluster
951 specification except to modify the system tables.
957 Constraint/Index/SERIAL names are now table_column_type with numbers
958 appended to guarantee uniqueness within the schema (Tom)
961 The SQL specification states that such names should be unique
968 Add pg_get_serial_sequence() to return a serial column's
969 sequence name (Christopher)
972 This allows automated scripts to reliabily find the serial
979 Warn when primary/foreign key datatype mismatch requires costly lookup
987 <title>Utility Command Changes</title>
992 Allow CREATE SCHEMA to create triggers, indexes, and sequences (Neil)
998 Add ALSO keyword to CREATE RULE (Fabien Coelho)
1001 This allows ALSO to be added to rule creation to contrast it with
1008 Add NOWAIT option to LOCK command (Tatsuo)
1011 This allows the LOCK command to fail if it would have to wait for
1018 Allow COPY to read and write comma-separated-value (CSV) files (Andrew, Bruce)
1024 Generate error if the COPY delimiter and NULL string conflict (Bruce)
1030 GRANT/REVOKE behavior follows the SQL spec more closely
1036 Avoid locking conflict between CREATE INDEX and CHECKPOINT (Tom)
1039 In 7.3 and 7.4, a long-running btree index build could block concurrent
1040 CHECKPOINTs from completing, thereby causing WAL bloat because the
1041 WAL log could not be recycled.
1047 Database-wide ANALYZE does not hold locks across tables (Tom)
1050 This reduces the potential for deadlocks against other backends that
1051 want exclusive locks on tables. To get the benefit of this change,
1052 do not execute database-wide ANALYZE inside a transaction block
1053 (BEGIN block); it must be able to commit and start a new transaction
1060 Erase MD5 user passwords when a user is renamed (Bruce)
1063 PostgreSQL uses the user name as salt when encrypting passwords
1064 via MD5. When a user name is changed, their salt no longer matches
1065 the stored MD5 password, so the stored password becomes useless.
1066 In this release a notice is generated and the password
1067 is cleared. A new password must then be assigned.
1073 New pg_ctl <literal>kill</> option for Win32 (Andrew)
1076 Win32 does not have a <literal>kill</> command to send signals to
1077 backends so this capability was added to pg_ctl.
1083 Information schema improvements
1089 Add --pwfile option to initdb so the initial password can be set by GUI tools
1096 Detect locale/encoding mismatch in initdb (Peter)
1105 <title>Data Type and Function Changes</title>
1110 More complete support for composite types (row types) (Tom)
1113 Composite values can be used in many places where only scalar values
1120 Reject non-rectangular array literals as erroneous (Joe)
1123 Formerly, array_in would silently build a surprising result.
1129 Syntax checking of array input processing considerably tighened up (Joe)
1132 Junk that was previously allowed in odd places with odd results now
1139 Array element trailing whitespace is now ignored (Joe)
1142 Formerly leading whitespace was ignored, but trailing whitespace
1143 between an element and the delimiter or right brace was significant.
1144 Now trailing whitespace is also ignored.
1150 Emit array literals with explicit array bounds when lower bound is not one
1157 Accept YYYY-monthname-DD as a date string (Tom)
1163 Make netmask() and hostmask() functions return maximum-length
1170 Change factorial function to return NUMERIC (Gavin)
1173 Returning NUMERIC allows the factorial function to work for a wider
1174 range of input values.
1180 to_char/to_date date conversion improvements (Kurt Roeckx)
1186 Make length() disregard trailing spaces in CHAR(n) (Gavin)
1189 This change was made to improve consistency: trailing spaces are
1190 semantically insignificant in CHAR(n) data, so they should not be
1191 counted by length().
1197 Warn of empty string being passed to oid/float4/float8 data types (Neil)
1200 8.1 will throw an error instead.
1206 Allow int2/int4/int8/float4/float8 input routines to have leading
1207 or trailing whitespace (Neil)
1213 Better support for IEEE Infinity and NaN values in float4, float8 (Neil)
1216 These should now work on all platforms that support IEEE-compliant
1217 floating point arithmetic.
1223 Add "week" to date_trunc options (Robert Creager)
1229 Fix to_char for 1 BC (previously it returned 1 AD) (Bruce)
1235 Fix to_char(year) for BC dates (previously it returned one less than
1236 the correct year) (Bruce)
1242 Fix date_part() to return the proper millennium and century (Fabien
1246 In previous versions, the century and millennium results had a wrong
1247 number and started in the wrong year, as compared to standard
1248 reckoning of such things.
1254 Add ceiling() as an alias for ceil(), and power() as an alias for pow()
1255 for standards compliance (Neil)
1261 Change ln(), log(), power(), and sqrt() to emit the correct SQLSTATE
1262 error codes for certain error conditions, as specified by SQL2003
1269 Add width_bucket() function as defined by SQL2003 (Neil)
1275 Add generate_series() functions to simplify working with numeric sets (Joe)
1281 Fix upper/lower/initcap functions to work with multibyte encodings (Tom)
1287 Add boolean and bitwise integer AND/OR aggregates (Fabien Coelho)
1293 New session information functions to return network addresses for client
1294 and server (Sean Chittenden)
1300 Add function to determine the area of a closed path (Sean Chittenden)
1306 Add function to send cancel request to other backends (Magnus)
1312 Add interval plus datetime operators (Tom)
1315 The reverse ordering, datetime plus interval, was already supported,
1316 but both are required by the SQL standard.
1322 Casting an integer to BIT(N) selects the rightmost N bits of the integer
1326 In prior releases, the leftmost N bits were selected, but this was
1327 deemed unhelpful, not to mention inconsistent with casting from bit
1337 <title>Server-Side Language Changes</title>
1342 Allow function parameters to be declared with names (Dennis Bjorklund)
1345 This allows better documentation of functions. Whether the names
1346 actually do anything depends on the specific function language
1353 Allow plpgsql parameter names to be referenced in the function (Dennis Bjorklund)
1356 This basically creates an automatic alias for each named parameter.
1362 Do minimal syntax checking of plpgsql functions at creation time (Tom)
1365 This allows us to catch simple syntax errors sooner.
1371 More support for composite types (row and record variables) in plpgsql
1374 For example, it now works to pass a rowtype variable to another function
1375 as a single variable.
1381 Default values for plpgsql variables can now reference previously
1388 Improve parsing of plpgsql FOR loops (Tom)
1391 Parsing is now driven by presence of ".." rather than datatype of FOR
1392 variable. This makes no difference for correct functions, but should
1393 result in more understandable error messages when a mistake is made.
1399 New plperl server-side language (Command Prompt, Andrew Dunstan)
1408 <title>psql Changes</title>
1413 Improve psql information display about database objects (Christopher)
1419 Allow psql to display group membership in \du and \dg (Markus Bertheau)
1425 Prevent psql \dn from showing temporary schemas (Bruce)
1431 Allow psql to handle tilde user expansion for file names (Zach Irmen)
1437 Allow psql to display fancy prompts, including color, via readline
1438 (Reece Hart, Chet Ramey)
1444 Make psql \copy match COPY command syntax fully (Tom)
1450 Show the location of syntax errors (Fabien Coelho, Tom)
1456 Add CLUSTER information to psql \d display (Bruce)
1462 Change psql \copy stdin/stdout to read from command input/output (Bruce)
1468 Add pstdin/pstdout to read from psql's stdin/stdout (Mark Feit)
1474 Add global psql config file, psqlrc.sample (Bruce)
1477 This allows a central file where global psql startup commands can
1484 Have psql \d+ indicate if the table has an OID column (Neil)
1490 On Windows, use binary mode in psql when reading files so control-Z
1491 is not seen as end-of-file
1497 Have \dn+ show permissions and description for schemas (Dennis
1507 <title>pg_dump Changes</title>
1512 Use dependency information to improve the reliability of pg_dump (Tom)
1518 Have pg_dump output objects in alphabetical order if possible (Tom)
1521 This should make it easier to identify changes between
1528 Allow pg_restore to ignore some SQL errors (Fabien Coelho)
1531 This makes pg_restore's behavior similar to the results of feeding
1532 a pg_dump output script to psql. In most cases, ignoring errors and
1533 plowing ahead is the most useful thing to do.
1539 New start/stop of dump markers in pg_dump (Bruce)
1545 Add start/stop times for pg_dump/pg_dumpall in verbose mode (Bruce)
1551 Allow most pg_dump options in pg_dumpall (Christopher)
1557 Have pg_dump use ALTER OWNER rather than SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION
1558 by default (Christopher)
1567 <title>libpq Changes</title>
1572 Make libpq SIGPIPE thread-safe (Bruce)
1578 Add PQmbdsplen() which returns the "display length" of a character (Tatsuo)
1584 Add thread locking to SSL and Kerberos connections (Manfred Spraul)
1590 Allow PQoidValue(), PQcmdTuples(), and PQoidStatus() to work
1591 on EXECUTE commands (Neil)
1600 <title>Source Code Changes</title>
1605 Allow the database server to run natively on Win32 (Claudio, Magnus, Andrew)
1611 Shell script commands converted to C versions for Win32 support (Andrew)
1617 Create an extension makefile framework (Fabien Coelho, Peter)
1620 This simplifies the task of building extensions outside the original
1627 Support relocatable installations (Bruce)
1630 Directory paths for installed files (such as the /share directory)
1631 are now computed relative to the actual location of the executables,
1632 so that an installation tree can be moved to another place without
1633 reconfiguring and rebuilding.
1639 Use --with-docdir to choose installation location of documentation; also
1640 allow --infodir (Peter)
1646 Add --without-docdir to prevent installation of documentation (Peter)
1652 Upgrade to DocBook V4.2 SGML (Peter)
1658 New "PostgreSQL" CVS tag (Marc)
1661 This was done to make it easier for organizations to manage their own
1662 copies of the PostgreSQL CVS repository. File version stamps from the
1663 master repository will not get munged by checking into or out of
1664 a copied repository.
1670 Clarify locking code (Manfred Koizar)
1676 Buffer manager cleanup (Neil)
1682 Decouple platform tests from cpu spinlock code (Bruce, Tom)
1688 Add inlined test-and-set code on PA-RISC for gcc (ViSolve, Tom)
1694 Improve i386 spinlock code (Manfred Spraul)
1700 Clean up spinlock assembly code to avoid warnings from newer gcc
1707 Remove JDBC from source tree; now a separate project
1713 Remove the libpgtcl client interface; now a separate project
1720 More accurately estimate memory and file descriptor usage (Tom)
1726 Improvements to the MAC OS-X startup scripts (Ray A.)
1732 New fsync test program (Bruce)
1738 Major documentation improvements (Neil, Peter)
1744 Remove pg_encoding; not needed anymore
1750 Remove pg_id; not needed anymore
1756 Remove initlocation; not needed anymore
1762 Auto detect thread flags (no more manual testing) (Bruce)
1768 Use Olson's public domain timezone library (Magnus)
1774 With threading enabled, use thread flags on Unixware for
1775 backend executables too (Bruce)
1778 Unixware can not mix threaded and non-threaded object files in the
1779 same executable, so everything must be compiled as threaded.
1785 psql now uses a flex-generated lexical analyzer to process command strings
1791 New linked list data structure implementation (Neil)
1794 This improves performance by allowing list append operations to be
1801 Allow dynamically loaded modules to create their own server configuration
1802 parameters (Thomas Hallgren)
1808 New Brazilian version of FAQ (Euler Taveira de Oliveira)
1814 Add French FAQ (Guillaume Lelarge)
1820 New pgevent for Win32 logging
1826 Make libpq and ecpg build as proper shared libraries on OS X (Tom)
1835 <title>Contrib Changes</title>
1840 Many ecpg fixes, including SET DESCRIPTOR (Michael)
1846 Overhaul of /contrib/dblink (Joe)
1852 /contrib/dbmirror improvements
1858 New /contrib/xml2 (John Gray, Torchbox)
1864 Update /contrib/mysql
1870 New version of /contrib/btree_gist (Teodor)
1876 New /contrib/trgm, trigram matching for PostgreSQL (Teodor)
1882 Many /contrib/tsearch2 improvements (Teodor)
1888 Add double metaphone to /contrib/fuzzystrmatch (Andrew)
1898 <sect1 id="release-7-4-4">
1899 <title>Release 7.4.4</title>
1902 <title>Release date</title>
1903 <simpara>2004-08-16</simpara>
1907 This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.4.3.
1912 <title>Migration to version 7.4.4</title>
1915 A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.4.X.
1920 <title>Changes</title>
1923 <listitem><para>Prevent possible loss of committed transactions during crash</para>
1925 Due to insufficient interlocking between transaction commit and checkpointing,
1926 it was possible for transactions committed just before the most recent
1927 checkpoint to be lost, in whole or in part, following a database crash and
1928 restart. This is a serious bug that has existed
1929 since <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> 7.1.
1931 <listitem><para>Avoid crash when session's current userID is deleted</para></listitem>
1932 <listitem><para>Fix hashed crosstab for zero-rows case (Joe)</para></listitem>
1933 <listitem><para>pg_dump handled ACLs with grant options incorrectly</para></listitem>
1934 <listitem><para>Force cache update after renaming a column in a foreign key</para></listitem>
1935 <listitem><para>Check HAVING restriction before evaluating result list of an
1936 aggregate plan</para></listitem>
1937 <listitem><para>Fix thread support for OS X and Solaris</para></listitem>
1938 <listitem><para>Pretty-print UNION queries correctly</para></listitem>
1939 <listitem><para>Updated JDBC driver (build 215) with various fixes</para></listitem>
1940 <listitem><para>ECPG fixes</para></listitem>
1941 <listitem><para>Translation updates (various contributors)</para></listitem>
1947 <sect1 id="release-7-4-3">
1948 <title>Release 7.4.3</title>
1951 <title>Release date</title>
1952 <simpara>2004-06-14</simpara>
1956 This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.4.2.
1961 <title>Migration to version 7.4.3</title>
1964 A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.4.X.
1969 <title>Changes</title>
1972 <listitem><para>Fix temporary memory leak when using non-hashed aggregates (Tom)</para></listitem>
1973 <listitem><para>ECPG fixes, including some for Informix compatibility (Michael)</para></listitem>
1974 <listitem><para>Fixes for compiling with thread-safety, particularly Solaris (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1975 <listitem><para>Fix error in COPY IN termination when using the old network protocol (ljb)</para></listitem>
1976 <listitem><para>Several important fixes in pg_autovacuum, including fixes for
1977 large tables, unsigned oids, stability, temp tables, and debug mode
1978 (Matthew T. O'Connor)</para></listitem>
1979 <listitem><para>Fix problem with reading tar-format dumps on NetBSD and BSD/OS (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1980 <listitem><para>Several JDBC fixes</para></listitem>
1981 <listitem><para>Fix ALTER SEQUENCE RESTART where last_value equals the restart value (Tom)</para></listitem>
1982 <listitem><para>Repair failure to recalculate nested sub-selects (Tom)</para></listitem>
1983 <listitem><para>Fix problems with non-constant expressions in LIMIT/OFFSET</para></listitem>
1984 <listitem><para>Support FULL JOIN with no join clause, such as X FULL JOIN Y ON TRUE (Tom)</para></listitem>
1985 <listitem><para>Fix another zero-column table bug (Tom)</para></listitem>
1986 <listitem><para>Improve handling of non-qualified identifiers in GROUP BY clauses in sub-selects (Tom)</para>
1988 Select-list aliases within the sub-select will now take precedence over
1989 names from outer query levels.
1991 <listitem><para>Do not generate <quote>NATURAL CROSS JOIN</> when decompiling rules (Tom)</para></listitem>
1992 <listitem><para>Add checks for invalid field length in binary COPY (Tom)</para>
1994 This fixes a difficult-to-exploit security hole.
1996 <listitem><para>Avoid locking conflict between ANALYZE and LISTEN/NOTIFY</para></listitem>
1997 <listitem><para>Numerous translation updates (various contributors)</para></listitem>
2003 <sect1 id="release-7-4-2">
2004 <title>Release 7.4.2</title>
2007 <title>Release date</title>
2008 <simpara>2004-03-08</simpara>
2012 This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.4.1.
2017 <title>Migration to version 7.4.2</title>
2020 A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.4.X. However,
2021 it may be advisable as the easiest method of incorporating fixes for
2022 two errors that have been found in the initial contents of 7.4.X system
2023 catalogs. A dump/initdb/reload sequence using 7.4.2's initdb will
2024 automatically correct these problems.
2028 The more severe of the two errors is that data type <type>anyarray</>
2029 has the wrong alignment label; this is a problem because the
2030 <structname>pg_statistic</> system catalog uses <type>anyarray</>
2031 columns. The mislabeling can cause planner misestimations and even
2032 crashes when planning queries that involve <literal>WHERE</> clauses on
2033 double-aligned columns (such as <type>float8</> and <type>timestamp</>).
2034 It is strongly recommended that all installations repair this error,
2035 either by initdb or by following the manual repair procedure given
2040 The lesser error is that the system view <structname>pg_settings</>
2041 ought to be marked as having public update access, to allow
2042 <literal>UPDATE pg_settings</> to be used as a substitute for
2043 <command>SET</>. This can also be fixed either by initdb or manually,
2044 but it is not necessary to fix unless you want to use <literal>UPDATE
2049 If you wish not to do an initdb, the following procedure will work
2050 for fixing <structname>pg_statistic</>. As the database superuser,
2054 -- clear out old data in pg_statistic:
2055 DELETE FROM pg_statistic;
2056 VACUUM pg_statistic;
2057 -- this should update 1 row:
2058 UPDATE pg_type SET typalign = 'd' WHERE oid = 2277;
2059 -- this should update 6 rows:
2060 UPDATE pg_attribute SET attalign = 'd' WHERE atttypid = 2277;
2062 -- At this point you MUST start a fresh backend to avoid a crash!
2064 -- repopulate pg_statistic:
2068 This can be done in a live database, but beware that all backends
2069 running in the altered database must be restarted before it is safe to
2070 repopulate <structname>pg_statistic</>.
2074 To repair the <structname>pg_settings</> error, simply do:
2076 GRANT SELECT, UPDATE ON pg_settings TO PUBLIC;
2081 The above procedures must be carried out in <emphasis>each</> database
2082 of an installation, including <literal>template1</>, and ideally
2083 including <literal>template0</> as well. If you do not fix the
2084 template databases then any subsequently created databases will contain
2085 the same errors. <literal>template1</> can be fixed in the same way
2086 as any other database, but fixing <literal>template0</> requires
2087 additional steps. First, from any database issue
2089 UPDATE pg_database SET datallowconn = true WHERE datname = 'template0';
2091 Next connect to <literal>template0</> and perform the above repair
2092 procedures. Finally, do
2094 -- re-freeze template0:
2096 -- and protect it against future alterations:
2097 UPDATE pg_database SET datallowconn = false WHERE datname = 'template0';
2103 <title>Changes</title>
2106 Release 7.4.2 incorporates all the fixes included in release 7.3.6,
2107 plus the following fixes:
2111 <listitem><para>Fix <structname>pg_statistics</> alignment bug that could crash optimizer</para>
2112 <para>See above for details about this problem.</para></listitem>
2113 <listitem><para>Allow non-super users to update <structname>pg_settings</></para></listitem>
2114 <listitem><para>Fix several optimizer bugs, most of which led to
2115 <quote>variable not found in subplan target lists</> errors</para></listitem>
2116 <listitem><para>Avoid out-of-memory failure during startup of large multiple
2117 index scan</para></listitem>
2118 <listitem><para>Fix multibyte problem that could lead to <quote>out of
2119 memory</> error during <command>COPY IN</></para></listitem>
2120 <listitem><para>Fix problems with <command>SELECT INTO</> / <command>CREATE
2121 TABLE AS</> from tables without OIDs</para></listitem>
2122 <listitem><para>Fix problems with <filename>alter_table</> regression test
2123 during parallel testing</para></listitem>
2124 <listitem><para>Fix problems with hitting open file limit, especially on OS X (Tom)</para></listitem>
2125 <listitem><para>Partial fix for Turkish-locale issues</para>
2126 <para>initdb will succeed now in Turkish locale, but there are still some
2127 inconveniences associated with the <literal>i/I</> problem.</para></listitem>
2128 <listitem><para>Make pg_dump set client encoding on restore</para></listitem>
2129 <listitem><para>Other minor pg_dump fixes</para></listitem>
2130 <listitem><para>Allow ecpg to again use C keywords as column names (Michael)</para></listitem>
2131 <listitem><para>Added ecpg <literal>WHENEVER NOT_FOUND</> to
2132 <literal>SELECT/INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE</> (Michael)</para></listitem>
2133 <listitem><para>Fix ecpg crash for queries calling set-returning functions (Michael)</para></listitem>
2134 <listitem><para>Various other ecpg fixes (Michael)</para></listitem>
2135 <listitem><para>Fixes for Borland compiler</para></listitem>
2136 <listitem><para>Thread build improvements (Bruce)</para></listitem>
2137 <listitem><para>Various other build fixes</para></listitem>
2138 <listitem><para>Various JDBC fixes</para></listitem>
2144 <sect1 id="release-7-4-1">
2145 <title>Release 7.4.1</title>
2148 <title>Release date</title>
2149 <simpara>2003-12-22</simpara>
2153 This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.4.
2158 <title>Migration to version 7.4.1</title>
2161 A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those
2166 If you want to install the fixes in the information schema
2167 you need to reload it into the database.
2168 This is either accomplished by initializing a new cluster
2169 by running <command>initdb</command>, or by running the following
2170 sequence of SQL commands in each database (ideally including
2171 <literal>template1</literal>) as a superuser in
2172 <application>psql</application>, after installing the new release:
2174 DROP SCHEMA information_schema CASCADE;
2175 \i /usr/local/pgsql/share/information_schema.sql
2177 Substitute your installation path in the second command.
2183 <title>Changes</title>
2186 <listitem><para>Fixed bug in <command>CREATE SCHEMA</command> parsing in ECPG (Michael)</para></listitem>
2187 <listitem><para>Fix compile error when <option>--enable-thread-safety</option> and <option>--with-perl</option> are used together (Peter)</para></listitem>
2188 <listitem><para>Fix for subqueries that used hash joins (Tom)</para>
2190 Certain subqueries that used hash joins would crash because of
2191 improperly shared structures.
2193 <listitem><para>Fix free space map compaction bug (Tom)</para>
2195 This fixes a bug where compaction of the free space map could lead
2196 to a database server shutdown.
2199 <listitem><para>Fix for Borland compiler build of libpq (Bruce)</para></listitem>
2200 <listitem><para>Fix <function>netmask()</function> and <function>hostmask()</function> to return the maximum-length masklen (Tom)</para>
2202 Fix these functions to return values consistent with pre-7.4
2206 <listitem><para>Several <filename>contrib/pg_autovacuum</filename> fixes</para>
2208 Fixes include improper variable initialization, missing vacuum after
2209 <command>TRUNCATE</command>, and duration computation overflow for long vacuums.
2212 <listitem><para>Allow compile of <filename>contrib/cube</filename> under Cygwin (Jason Tishler)</para></listitem>
2213 <listitem><para>Fix Solaris use of password file when no passwords are defined (Tom)</para>
2215 Fix crash on Solaris caused by use of any type of password
2216 authentication when no passwords were defined.
2219 <listitem><para>JDBC fix for thread problems, other fixes</para></listitem>
2220 <listitem><para>Fix for <type>bytea</type> index lookups (Joe)</para></listitem>
2221 <listitem><para>Fix information schema for bit data types (Peter)</para></listitem>
2222 <listitem><para>Force zero_damaged_pages to be on during recovery from WAL</para></listitem>
2223 <listitem><para>Prevent some obscure cases of <quote>variable not in subplan target lists</quote></para></listitem>
2224 <listitem><para>Make <function>PQescapeBytea</function> and <function>byteaout</function> consistent with each other (Joe)</para></listitem>
2225 <listitem><para>Escape <type>bytea</type> output for bytes > 0x7e(Joe)</para>
2227 If different client encodings are used for <type>bytea</type> output and input, it
2228 is possible for <type>bytea</type> values to be corrupted by the differing
2229 encodings. This fix escapes all bytes that might be affected.
2232 <listitem><para>Added missing <function>SPI_finish()</function> calls to dblink's <function>get_tuple_of_interest()</function> (Joe)</para></listitem>
2233 <listitem><para>New Czech FAQ</para></listitem>
2234 <listitem><para>Fix information schema view <literal>constraint_column_usage</literal> for foreign keys (Peter)</para></listitem>
2235 <listitem><para>ECPG fixes (Michael)</para></listitem>
2236 <listitem><para>Fix bug with multiple <literal>IN</literal> subqueries and joins in the subqueries (Tom)</para></listitem>
2237 <listitem><para>Alllow <literal>COUNT('x')</literal> to work (Tom)</para></listitem>
2238 <listitem><para>Install ECPG include files for Informix compatibility into separate directory (Peter)</para>
2240 Some names of ECPG include files for Informix compatibility conflicted with operating system include files.
2241 By installing them in their own directory, name conflicts have been reduced.
2244 <listitem><para>Fix SSL memory leak (Neil)</para>
2246 This release fixes a bug in 7.4 where SSL didn't free all memory it allocated.
2249 <listitem><para>Prevent <filename>pg_service.conf</filename> from using service name as default dbname (Bruce)</para></listitem>
2250 <listitem><para>Fix local ident authentication on FreeBSD (Tom)</para></listitem>
2256 <sect1 id="release-7-4">
2257 <title>Release 7.4</title>
2260 <title>Release date</title>
2261 <simpara>2003-11-17</simpara>
2265 <title>Overview</title>
2268 Major changes in this release:
2273 <literal>IN</literal> / <literal>NOT IN</literal> subqueries are
2274 now much more efficient
2279 In previous releases, <literal>IN</literal>/<literal>NOT
2280 IN</literal> subqueries were joined to the upper query by
2281 sequentially scanning the subquery looking for a match. The
2282 7.4 code uses the same sophisticated techniques used by
2283 ordinary joins and so is much faster. An
2284 <literal>IN</literal> will now usually be as fast as or faster
2285 than an equivalent <literal>EXISTS</literal> subquery; this
2286 reverses the conventional wisdom that applied to previous
2294 Improved <literal>GROUP BY</literal> processing by using hash buckets
2299 In previous releases, rows to be grouped had to be sorted
2300 first. The 7.4 code can do <literal>GROUP BY</literal>
2301 without sorting, by accumulating results into a hash table
2302 with one entry per group. It will still use the sort
2303 technique, however, if the hash table is estimated to be too
2304 large to fit in <varname>sort_mem</>.
2311 New multikey hash join capability
2316 In previous releases, hash joins could only occur on single
2317 keys. This release allows multicolumn hash joins.
2324 Queries using the explicit <literal>JOIN</literal> syntax are
2325 now better optimized
2330 Prior releases evaluated queries using the explicit
2331 <literal>JOIN</literal> syntax only in the order implied by
2332 the syntax. 7.4 allows full optimization of these queries,
2333 meaning the optimizer considers all possible join orderings
2334 and chooses the most efficient. Outer joins, however, must
2335 still follow the declared ordering.
2342 Faster and more powerful regular expression code
2347 The entire regular expression module has been replaced with a
2348 new version by Henry Spencer, originally written for Tcl. The
2349 code greatly improves performance and supports several flavors
2350 of regular expressions.
2357 Function-inlining for simple SQL functions
2362 Simple SQL functions can now be inlined by including their SQL
2363 in the main query. This improves performance by eliminating
2364 per-call overhead. That means simple SQL functions now
2372 Full support for IPv6 connections and IPv6 address data types
2377 Previous releases allowed only IPv4 connections, and the IP
2378 data types only supported IPv4 addresses. This release adds
2379 full IPv6 support in both of these areas.
2386 Major improvements in SSL performance and reliability
2391 Several people very familiar with the SSL API have overhauled
2392 our SSL code to improve SSL key negotiation and error
2400 Make free space map efficiently reuse empty index pages,
2401 and other free space management improvements
2406 In previous releases, B-tree index pages that were left empty
2407 because of deleted rows could only be reused by rows with
2408 index values similar to the rows originally indexed on that
2409 page. In 7.4, <command>VACUUM</command> records empty index
2410 pages and allows them to be reused for any future index rows.
2417 SQL-standard information schema
2422 The information schema provides a standardized and stable way
2423 to access information about the schema objects defined in a
2431 Cursors conform more closely to the SQL standard
2436 The commands <command>FETCH</command> and
2437 <command>MOVE</command> have been overhauled to conform more
2438 closely to the SQL standard.
2445 Cursors can exist outside transactions
2450 These cursors are also called holdable cursors.
2457 New client-to-server protocol
2462 The new protocol adds error codes, more status information,
2463 faster startup, better support for binary data transmission,
2464 parameter values separated from SQL commands, prepared
2465 statements available at the protocol level, and cleaner
2466 recovery from <command>COPY</command> failures. The older
2467 protocol is still supported by both server and clients.
2474 <application>libpq</application> and
2475 <application>ECPG</application> applications are now fully
2481 While previous <application>libpq</application> releases
2482 already supported threads, this release improves thread safety
2483 by fixing some non-thread-safe code that was used during
2484 database connection startup. The <command>configure</command>
2485 option <option>--enable-thread-safety</option> must be used to
2486 enable this feature.
2493 New version of full-text indexing
2498 A new full-text indexing suite is available in
2499 <filename>contrib/tsearch2</filename>.
2511 The new autovacuum tool in
2512 <filename>contrib/autovacuum</filename> monitors the database
2513 statistics tables for
2514 <command>INSERT</command>/<command>UPDATE</command>/<command>DELETE</command>
2515 activity and automatically vacuums tables when needed.
2522 Array handling has been improved and moved into the server core
2527 Many array limitations have been removed, and arrays behave
2528 more like fully-supported data types.
2537 <title>Migration to version 7.4</title>
2540 A dump/restore using <application>pg_dump</application> is
2541 required for those wishing to migrate data from any previous
2546 Observe the following incompatibilities:
2551 The server-side autocommit setting was removed and
2552 reimplemented in client applications and languages.
2553 server-side autocommit was causing too many problems with
2554 languages and applications that wanted to control their own
2555 autocommit behavior, so autocommit was removed from the server
2556 and added to individual client APIs as appropriate.
2562 Error message wording has changed substantially in this
2563 release. Significant effort was invested to make the messages
2564 more consistent and user-oriented. If your applications try to
2565 detect different error conditions by parsing the error message,
2566 you are strongly encouraged to use the new error code facility instead.
2572 Inner joins using the explicit <literal>JOIN</literal> syntax
2573 may behave differently because they are now better
2580 A number of server configuration parameters have been renamed
2581 for clarity, primarily those related to
2588 <literal>FETCH 0</literal> or <literal>MOVE 0</literal> now
2589 does nothing. In prior releases, <literal>FETCH 0</literal>
2590 would fetch all remaining rows, and <literal>MOVE 0</literal>
2591 would move to the end of the cursor.
2597 <command>FETCH</command> and <command>MOVE</command> now return
2598 the actual number of rows fetched/moved, or zero if at the
2599 beginning/end of the cursor. Prior releases would return the
2600 row count passed to the command, not the number of rows
2601 actually fetched or moved.
2607 <command>COPY</command> now can process files that use
2608 carriage-return or carriage-return/line-feed end-of-line
2609 sequences. Literal carriage-returns and line-feeds are no
2610 longer accepted in data values; use <literal>\r</literal> and
2611 <literal>\n</literal> instead.
2617 Trailing spaces are now trimmed when converting from type
2618 <type>char(<replaceable>n</>)</type> to
2619 <type>varchar(<replaceable>n</>)</type> or <type>text</type>.
2620 This is what most people always expected to happen anyway.
2626 The data type <type>float(<replaceable>p</>)</type> now
2627 measures <replaceable>p</> in binary digits, not decimal
2628 digits. The new behavior follows the SQL standard.
2634 Ambiguous date values now must match the ordering specified by
2635 the <varname>datestyle</varname> setting. In prior releases, a
2636 date specification of <literal>10/20/03</> was interpreted as a
2637 date in October even if <varname>datestyle</> specified that
2638 the day should be first. 7.4 will throw an error if a date
2639 specification is invalid for the current setting of
2640 <varname>datestyle</>.
2646 The functions <function>oidrand</function>,
2647 <function>oidsrand</function>, and
2648 <function>userfntest</function> have been removed. These
2649 functions were determined to be no longer useful.
2655 String literals specifying time-varying date/time values, such
2656 as <literal>'now'</literal> or <literal>'today'</literal> will
2657 no longer work as expected in column default expressions; they
2658 now cause the time of the table creation to be the default, not
2659 the time of the insertion. Functions such as
2660 <function>now()</>, <function>current_timestamp</>, or
2661 <function>current_date</function> should be used instead.
2665 In previous releases, there was special code so that strings
2666 such as <literal>'now'</literal> were interpreted at
2667 <command>INSERT</> time and not at table creation time, but
2668 this work around didn't cover all cases. Release 7.4 now
2669 requires that defaults be defined properly using functions such
2670 as <function>now()</> or <function>current_timestamp</>. These
2671 will work in all situations.
2677 The dollar sign (<literal>$</>) is no longer allowed in
2678 operator names. It can instead be a non-first character in
2679 identifiers. This was done to improve compatibility with other
2680 database systems, and to avoid syntax problems when parameter
2681 placeholders (<literal>$<replaceable>n</></>) are written
2682 adjacent to operators.
2690 <title>Changes</title>
2693 Below you will find a detailed account of the changes between
2694 release 7.4 and the previous major release.
2698 <title>Server Operation Changes</title>
2703 Allow IPv6 server connections (Nigel Kukard, Johan Jordaan,
2704 Bruce, Tom, Kurt Roeckx, Andrew Dunstan)
2710 Fix SSL to handle errors cleanly (Nathan Mueller)
2713 In prior releases, certain SSL API error reports were not
2714 handled correctly. This release fixes those problems.
2720 SSL protocol security and performance improvements (Sean Chittenden)
2723 SSL key renegotiation was happening too frequently, causing poor
2724 SSL performance. Also, initial key handling was improved.
2730 Print lock information when a deadlock is detected (Tom)
2733 This allows easier debugging of deadlock situations.
2739 Update <filename>/tmp</filename> socket modification times
2740 regularly to avoid their removal (Tom)
2743 This should help prevent <filename>/tmp</filename> directory
2744 cleaner administration scripts from removing server socket
2749 <listitem><para>Enable PAM for Mac OS X (Aaron Hillegass)</para></listitem>
2752 <para>Make B-tree indexes fully WAL-safe (Tom)</para>
2754 In prior releases, under certain rare cases, a server crash
2755 could cause B-tree indexes to become corrupt. This release
2756 removes those last few rare cases.
2760 <listitem><para>Allow B-tree index compaction and empty page reuse (Tom)</para></listitem>
2764 Fix inconsistent index lookups during split of first root page (Tom)
2767 In prior releases, when a single-page index split into two
2768 pages, there was a brief period when another database session
2769 could miss seeing an index entry. This release fixes that rare
2774 <listitem><para>Improve free space map allocation logic (Tom)</para></listitem>
2777 <para>Preserve free space information between server restarts (Tom)</para>
2779 In prior releases, the free space map was not saved when the
2780 postmaster was stopped, so newly started servers had no free
2781 space information. This release saves the free space map, and
2782 reloads it when the server is restarted.
2786 <listitem><para>Add start time to <literal>pg_stat_activity</literal> (Neil)</para></listitem>
2787 <listitem><para>New code to detect corrupt disk pages; erase with <varname>zero_damaged_pages</varname> (Tom)</para></listitem>
2788 <listitem><para>New client/server protocol: faster, no username length limit, allow clean exit from <command>COPY</command> (Tom)</para></listitem>
2789 <listitem><para>Add transaction status, table ID, column ID to client/server protocol (Tom)</para></listitem>
2790 <listitem><para>Add binary I/O to client/server protocol (Tom)</para></listitem>
2791 <listitem><para>Remove autocommit server setting; move to client applications (Tom)</para></listitem>
2792 <listitem><para>New error message wording, error codes, and three levels of error detail (Tom, Joe, Peter)</para></listitem>
2797 <title>Performance Improvements</title>
2800 <listitem><para>Add hashing for <literal>GROUP BY</literal> aggregates (Tom)</para></listitem>
2801 <listitem><para>Make nested-loop joins be smarter about multicolumn indexes (Tom)</para></listitem>
2802 <listitem><para>Allow multikey hash joins (Tom)</para></listitem>
2803 <listitem><para>Improve constant folding (Tom)</para></listitem>
2804 <listitem><para>Add ability to inline simple SQL functions (Tom)</para></listitem>
2807 <para>Reduce memory usage for queries using complex functions (Tom)</para>
2809 In prior releases, functions returning allocated memory would
2810 not free it until the query completed. This release allows the
2811 freeing of function-allocated memory when the function call
2812 completes, reducing the total memory used by functions.
2817 <para>Improve GEQO optimizer performance (Tom)</para>
2819 This release fixes several inefficiencies in the way the GEQO optimizer
2820 manages potential query paths.
2826 Allow <literal>IN</>/<literal>NOT IN</> to be handled via hash
2833 Improve <literal>NOT IN (<replaceable>subquery</>)</literal>
2840 Allow most <literal>IN</literal> subqueries to be processed as
2847 Pattern matching operations can use indexes regardless of
2851 There is no way for non-ASCII locales to use the standard
2852 indexes for <literal>LIKE</literal> comparisons. This release
2853 adds a way to create a special index for
2854 <literal>LIKE</literal>.
2859 <para>Allow the postmaster to preload libraries using <varname>preload_libraries</varname> (Joe)</para>
2861 For shared libraries that require a long time to load, this
2862 option is available so the library can be preloaded in the
2863 postmaster and inherited by all database sessions.
2869 Improve optimizer cost computations, particularly for subqueries (Tom)
2875 Avoid sort when subquery <literal>ORDER BY</literal> matches upper query (Tom)
2881 Deduce that <literal>WHERE a.x = b.y AND b.y = 42</literal> also
2882 means <literal>a.x = 42</literal> (Tom)
2888 Allow hash/merge joins on complex joins (Tom)
2894 Allow hash joins for more data types (Tom)
2900 Allow join optimization of explicit inner joins, disable with
2901 <varname>join_collapse_limit</varname> (Tom)
2907 Add parameter <varname>from_collapse_limit</varname> to control
2908 conversion of subqueries to joins (Tom)
2914 Use faster and more powerful regular expression code from Tcl
2915 (Henry Spencer, Tom)
2921 Use bit-mapped relation sets in the optimizer (Tom)
2926 <para>Improve connection startup time (Tom)</para>
2928 The new client/server protocol requires fewer network packets to
2929 start a database session.
2935 Improve trigger/constraint performance (Stephan)
2941 Improve speed of <literal>col IN (const, const, const, ...)</literal> (Tom)
2947 Fix hash indexes which were broken in rare cases (Tom)
2951 <listitem><para>Improve hash index concurrency and speed (Tom)</para>
2953 Prior releases suffered from poor hash index performance,
2954 particularly for high concurrency situations. This release fixes
2955 that, and the development group is interested in reports
2956 comparing B-tree and hash index performance.
2961 <para>Align shared buffers on 32-byte boundary for copy speed improvement (Manfred Spraul)</para>
2963 Certain CPU's perform faster data copies when addresses are
2969 <para>Data type <type>numeric</type> reimplemented for better performance (Tom)</para>
2971 <type>numeric</type> used to be stored in base 100. The new code
2972 uses base 10000, for significantly better performance.
2979 <title>Server Configuration Changes</title>
2983 <para>Rename server parameter <varname>server_min_messages</> to <varname>log_min_messages</> (Bruce)</para>
2985 This was done so most parameters that control the server logs
2986 begin with <literal>log_</>.
2990 <listitem><para>Rename <varname>show_*_stats</> to <varname>log_*_stats</> (Bruce)</para></listitem>
2991 <listitem><para>Rename <varname>show_source_port</> to <varname>log_source_port</> (Bruce)</para></listitem>
2992 <listitem><para>Rename <varname>hostname_lookup</> to <varname>log_hostname</> (Bruce)</para></listitem>
2995 <para>Add <varname>checkpoint_warning</> to warn of excessive checkpointing (Bruce)</para>
2997 In prior releases, it was difficult to determine if checkpoint
2998 was happening too frequently. This feature adds a warning to the
2999 server logs when excessive checkpointing happens.
3003 <listitem><para>New read-only server parameters for localization (Tom)</para></listitem>
3007 Change debug server log messages to output as <literal>DEBUG</>
3008 rather than <literal>LOG</> (Bruce)
3013 <para>Prevent server log variables from being turned off by non-superusers (Bruce)</para>
3015 This is a security feature so non-superusers cannot disable
3016 logging that was enabled by the administrator.
3022 <varname>log_min_messages</>/<varname>client_min_messages</> now
3023 controls <varname>debug_*</> output (Bruce)
3026 This centralizes client debug information so all debug output
3027 can be sent to either the client or server logs.
3032 <para>Add Mac OS X Rendezvous server support (Chris Campbell)</para>
3034 This allows Mac OS X hosts to query the network for available
3035 <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> servers.
3041 Add ability to print only slow statements using
3042 <varname>log_min_duration_statement</varname>
3046 This is an often requested debugging feature that allows
3047 administrators to see only slow queries in their server logs.
3052 <para>Allow <filename>pg_hba.conf</filename> to accept netmasks in CIDR format (Andrew Dunstan)</para>
3054 This allows administrators to merge the host IP address and
3055 netmask fields into a single CIDR field in <filename>pg_hba.conf</filename>.
3059 <listitem><para>New read-only parameter <varname>is_superuser</varname> (Tom)</para></listitem>
3062 <para>New parameter <varname>log_error_verbosity</varname> to control error detail (Tom)</para>
3064 This works with the new error reporting feature to supply
3065 additional error information like hints, file names and line
3071 <para><literal>postgres --describe-config</literal> now dumps server config variables (Aizaz Ahmed, Peter)</para>
3073 This option is useful for administration tools that need to know
3074 the configuration variable names and their minimums, maximums,
3075 defaults, and descriptions.
3081 Add new columns in <literal>pg_settings</literal>:
3082 <literal>context</>, <literal>type</>, <literal>source</>,
3083 <literal>min_val</>, <literal>max_val</> (Joe)
3089 Make default <varname>shared_buffers</> 1000 and
3090 <varname>max_connections</> 100, if possible (Tom)
3093 Prior versions defaulted to 64 shared buffers so <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>
3094 would start on even very old systems. This release tests the
3095 amount of shared memory allowed by the platform and selects more
3096 reasonable default values if possible. Of course, users are
3097 still encouraged to evaluate their resource load and size
3098 <varname>shared_buffers</varname> accordingly.
3104 New <filename>pg_hba.conf</filename> record type
3105 <literal>hostnossl</> to prevent SSL connections (Jon
3109 In prior releases, there was no way to prevent SSL connections
3110 if both the client and server supported SSL. This option allows
3117 Remove parameter <varname>geqo_random_seed</varname>
3124 Add server parameter <varname>regex_flavor</varname> to control regular expression processing (Tom)
3130 Make <command>pg_ctl</command> better handle nonstandard ports (Greg)
3137 <title>Query Changes</title>
3140 <listitem><para>New SQL-standard information schema (Peter)</para></listitem>
3141 <listitem><para>Add read-only transactions (Peter)</para></listitem>
3142 <listitem><para>Print key name and value in foreign-key violation messages (Dmitry Tkach)</para></listitem>
3145 <para>Allow users to see their own queries in <literal>pg_stat_activity</literal> (Kevin Brown)</para>
3147 In prior releases, only the superuser could see query strings
3148 using <literal>pg_stat_activity</literal>. Now ordinary users
3149 can see their own query strings.
3154 <para>Fix aggregates in subqueries to match SQL standard (Tom)</para>
3156 The SQL standard says that an aggregate function appearing
3157 within a nested subquery belongs to the outer query if its
3158 argument contains only outer-query variables. Prior
3159 <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> releases did not handle
3160 this fine point correctly.
3165 <para>Add option to prevent auto-addition of tables referenced in query (Nigel J. Andrews)</para>
3167 By default, tables mentioned in the query are automatically
3168 added to the <literal>FROM</> clause if they are not already
3169 there. This is compatible with historic
3170 <productname>POSTGRES</productname> behavior but is contrary to
3171 the SQL standard. This option allows selecting
3172 standard-compatible behavior.
3177 <para>Allow <literal>UPDATE ... SET col = DEFAULT</literal> (Rod)</para>
3179 This allows <command>UPDATE</command> to set a column to its
3180 declared default value.
3185 <para>Allow expressions to be used in <literal>LIMIT</>/<literal>OFFSET</> (Tom)</para>
3187 In prior releases, <literal>LIMIT</>/<literal>OFFSET</> could
3188 only use constants, not expressions.
3193 <para>Implement <literal>CREATE TABLE AS EXECUTE</literal> (Neil, Peter)</para>
3199 <title>Object Manipulation Changes</title>
3203 <para>Make <command>CREATE SEQUENCE</command> grammar more conforming to SQL 2003 (Neil)</para>
3207 <para>Add statement-level triggers (Neil)</para>
3209 While this allows a trigger to fire at the end of a statement,
3210 it does not allow the trigger to access all rows modified by the
3211 statement. This capability is planned for a future release.
3216 <para>Add check constraints for domains (Rod)</para>
3218 This greatly increases the usefulness of domains by allowing
3219 them to use check constraints.
3224 <para>Add <command>ALTER DOMAIN</command> (Rod)</para>
3226 This allows manipulation of existing domains.
3231 <para>Fix several zero-column table bugs (Tom)</para>
3233 <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> supports zero-column tables. This fixes various bugs
3234 that occur when using such tables.
3239 <para>Have <literal>ALTER TABLE ... ADD PRIMARY KEY</literal> add not-null constraint (Rod)</para>
3241 In prior releases, <literal>ALTER TABLE ... ADD
3242 PRIMARY</literal> would add a unique index, but not a not-null
3243 constraint. That is fixed in this release.
3247 <listitem><para>Add <literal>ALTER TABLE ... WITHOUT OIDS</literal> (Rod)</para>
3249 This allows control over whether new and updated rows will have
3250 an OID column. This is most useful for saving storage space.
3256 Add <literal>ALTER SEQUENCE</literal> to modify minimum, maximum,
3257 increment, cache, cycle values (Rod)
3262 <para>Add <literal>ALTER TABLE ... CLUSTER ON</literal> (Alvaro Herrera)</para>
3264 This command is used by <command>pg_dump</command> to record the
3265 cluster column for each table previously clustered. This
3266 information is used by database-wide cluster to cluster all
3267 previously clustered tables.
3271 <listitem><para>Improve automatic type casting for domains (Rod, Tom)</para></listitem>
3272 <listitem><para>Allow dollar signs in identifiers, except as first character (Tom)</para></listitem>
3273 <listitem><para>Disallow dollar signs in operator names, so <literal>x=$1</> works (Tom)</para></listitem>
3277 Allow copying table schema using <literal>LIKE
3278 <replaceable>subtable</replaceable></literal>, also SQL 2003
3279 feature <literal>INCLUDING DEFAULTS</literal> (Rod)
3285 Add <literal>WITH GRANT OPTION</literal> clause to
3286 <command>GRANT</command> (Peter)
3289 This enabled <command>GRANT</command> to give other users the
3290 ability to grant privileges on a object.
3297 <title>Utility Command Changes</title>
3301 <para>Add <literal>ON COMMIT</literal> clause to <command>CREATE TABLE</command> for temporary tables (Gavin)</para>
3303 This adds the ability for a table to be dropped or all rows
3304 deleted on transaction commit.
3309 <para>Allow cursors outside transactions using <literal>WITH HOLD</literal> (Neil)</para>
3311 In previous releases, cursors were removed at the end of the
3312 transaction that created them. Cursors can now be created with
3313 the <literal>WITH HOLD</literal> option, which allows them to
3314 continue to be accessed after the creating transaction has
3320 <para><literal>FETCH 0</literal> and <literal>MOVE 0 </literal> now do nothing (Bruce)</para>
3322 In previous releases, <literal>FETCH 0</literal> fetched all
3323 remaining rows, and <literal>MOVE 0</literal> moved to the end
3330 Cause <command>FETCH</command> and <command>MOVE</command> to
3331 return the number of rows fetched/moved, or zero if at the
3332 beginning/end of cursor, per SQL standard (Bruce)
3335 In prior releases, the row count returned by
3336 <command>FETCH</command> and <command>MOVE</command> did not
3337 accurately reflect the number of rows processed.
3342 <para>Properly handle <literal>SCROLL</literal> with cursors, or
3343 report an error (Neil)</para>
3345 Allowing random access (both forward and backward scrolling) to
3346 some kinds of queries cannot be done without some additional
3347 work. If <literal>SCROLL</literal> is specified when the cursor
3348 is created, this additional work will be performed. Furthermore,
3349 if the cursor has been created with <literal>NO SCROLL</literal>,
3350 no random access is allowed.
3356 Implement SQL-compatible options <literal>FIRST</>,
3357 <literal>LAST</>, <literal>ABSOLUTE <replaceable>n</></>,
3358 <literal>RELATIVE <replaceable>n</></> for
3359 <command>FETCH</command> and <command>MOVE</command> (Tom)
3364 <para>Allow <command>EXPLAIN</command> on <command>DECLARE CURSOR</command> (Tom)</para>
3368 <para>Allow <command>CLUSTER</command> to use index marked as pre-clustered by default (Alvaro Herrera)</para>
3372 <para>Allow <command>CLUSTER</command> to cluster all tables (Alvaro Herrera)</para>
3374 This allows all previously clustered tables in a database to be
3375 reclustered with a single command.
3379 <listitem><para>Prevent <command>CLUSTER</command> on partial indexes (Tom)</para></listitem>
3381 <listitem><para>Allow DOS and Mac line-endings in <command>COPY</> files (Bruce)</para></listitem>
3385 Disallow literal carriage return as a data value,
3386 backslash-carriage-return and <literal>\r</> are still allowed
3392 <para><command>COPY</> changes (binary, <literal>\.</>) (Tom)</para>
3396 <para>Recover from <command>COPY</command> failure cleanly (Tom)</para>
3400 <para>Prevent possible memory leaks in <command>COPY</command> (Tom)</para>
3404 <para>Make <command>TRUNCATE</command> transaction-safe (Rod)</para>
3406 <command>TRUNCATE</command> can now be used inside a
3407 transaction. If the transaction aborts, the changes made by the
3408 <command>TRUNCATE</command> are automatically rolled back.
3414 Allow prepare/bind of utility commands like
3415 <command>FETCH</command> and <command>EXPLAIN</command> (Tom)
3420 <para>Add <command>EXPLAIN EXECUTE</command> (Neil)</para>
3424 <para>Improve <command>VACUUM</command> performance on indexes by reducing WAL traffic (Tom)</para>
3428 <para>Functional indexes have been generalized into indexes on expressions (Tom)</para>
3430 In prior releases, functional indexes only supported a simple
3431 function applied to one or more column names. This release
3432 allows any type of scalar expression.
3438 Have <command>SHOW TRANSACTION ISOLATION</command> match input
3439 to <command>SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION</command>
3446 Have <command>COMMENT ON DATABASE</command> on nonlocal
3447 database generate a warning, rather than an error (Rod)
3451 Database comments are stored in database-local tables so
3452 comments on a database have to be stored in each database.
3458 Improve reliability of <command>LISTEN</>/<command>NOTIFY</> (Tom)
3463 <para>Allow <command>REINDEX</command> to reliably reindex nonshared system catalog indexes (Tom)</para>
3465 This allows system tables to be reindexed without the
3466 requirement of a standalone session, which was necessary in
3467 previous releases. The only tables that now require a standalone
3468 session for reindexing are the global system tables
3469 <literal>pg_database</>, <literal>pg_shadow</>, and
3470 <literal>pg_group</>.
3477 <title>Data Type and Function Changes</title>
3482 New server parameter <varname>extra_float_digits</varname> to
3483 control precision display of floating-point numbers (Pedro
3487 This controls output precision which was causing regression
3492 <listitem><para>Allow <literal>+1300</literal> as a numeric time-zone specifier, for FJST (Tom)</para></listitem>
3496 Remove rarely used functions <function>oidrand</>,
3497 <function>oidsrand</>, and <function>userfntest</> functions
3503 <para>Add <function>md5()</> function to main server, already in <filename>contrib/pgcrypto</filename> (Joe)</para>
3505 An MD5 function was frequently requested. For more complex
3506 encryption capabilities, use
3507 <filename>contrib/pgcrypto</filename>.
3511 <listitem><para>Increase date range of <type>timestamp</type> (John Cochran)</para></listitem>
3515 Change <literal>EXTRACT(EPOCH FROM timestamp)</literal> so
3516 <type>timestamp without time zone</type> is assumed to be in
3517 local time, not GMT (Tom)
3521 <listitem><para>Trap division by zero in case the operating system doesn't prevent it (Tom)</para></listitem>
3522 <listitem><para>Change the <type>numeric</type> data type internally to base 10000 (Tom)</para></listitem>
3523 <listitem><para>New <function>hostmask()</function> function (Greg Wickham)</para></listitem>
3524 <listitem><para>Fixes for <function>to_char()</function> and <function>to_timestamp()</function> (Karel)</para></listitem>
3528 Allow functions that can take any argument data type and return
3529 any data type, using <type>anyelement</type> and
3530 <type>anyarray</type> (Joe)
3533 This allows the creation of functions that can work with any
3540 Arrays may now be specified as <literal>ARRAY[1,2,3]</literal>,
3541 <literal>ARRAY[['a','b'],['c','d']]</literal>, or
3542 <literal>ARRAY[ARRAY[ARRAY[2]]]</literal> (Joe)
3548 Allow proper comparisons for arrays, including <literal>ORDER
3549 BY</literal> and <literal>DISTINCT</literal> support
3554 <listitem><para>Allow indexes on array columns (Joe)</para></listitem>
3555 <listitem><para>Allow array concatenation with <literal>||</literal> (Joe)</para></listitem>
3559 Allow <literal>WHERE</literal> qualification
3560 <literal><replaceable>expr</> <replaceable>op</> ANY/SOME/ALL
3561 (<replaceable>array_expr</>)</literal> (Joe)
3564 This allows arrays to behave like a list of values, for purposes
3565 like <literal>SELECT * FROM tab WHERE col IN
3566 (array_val)</literal>.
3572 New array functions <function>array_append</>,
3573 <function>array_cat</>, <function>array_lower</>,
3574 <function>array_prepend</>, <function>array_to_string</>,
3575 <function>array_upper</>, <function>string_to_array</> (Joe)
3579 <listitem><para>Allow user defined aggregates to use polymorphic functions (Joe)</para></listitem>
3580 <listitem><para>Allow assignments to empty arrays (Joe)</para></listitem>
3584 Allow 60 in seconds fields of <type>time</type>,
3585 <type>timestamp</type>, and <type>interval</type> input values
3589 Sixty-second values are needed for leap seconds.
3593 <listitem><para>Allow <type>cidr</type> data type to be cast to <type>text</type> (Tom)</para></listitem>
3595 <listitem><para>Disallow invalid time zone names in SET TIMEZONE</para></listitem>
3599 Trim trailing spaces when <type>char</type> is cast to
3600 <type>varchar</> or <type>text</> (Tom)
3606 Make <type>float(<replaceable>p</>)</> measure the precision
3607 <replaceable>p</> in binary digits, not decimal digits
3613 <para>Add IPv6 support to the <type>inet</type> and <type>cidr</type> data types (Michael Graff)</para>
3617 <para>Add <function>family()</function> function to report whether address is IPv4 or IPv6 (Michael Graff)</para>
3622 Have <literal>SHOW datestyle</literal> generate output similar
3623 to that used by <literal>SET datestyle</literal> (Tom)
3629 Make <literal>EXTRACT(TIMEZONE)</literal> and <literal>SET/SHOW
3630 TIME ZONE</literal> follow the SQL convention for the sign of
3631 time zone offsets, i.e., positive is east from UTC (Tom)
3636 <para>Fix <literal>date_trunc('quarter', ...)</literal> (Böjthe Zoltán)</para>
3638 Prior releases returned an incorrect value for this function call.
3643 <para>Make <function>initcap()</function> more compatible with Oracle (Mike Nolan)</para>
3645 <function>initcap()</function> now uppercases a letter appearing
3646 after any non-alphanumeric character, rather than only after
3652 <para>Allow only <varname>datestyle</varname> field order for date values not in ISO-8601 format (Greg)</para>
3657 Add new <varname>datestyle</varname> values <literal>MDY</>,
3658 <literal>DMY</>, and <literal>YMD</> to set input field order;
3659 honor <literal>US</> and <literal>European</> for backward
3666 String literals like <literal>'now'</literal> or
3667 <literal>'today'</literal> will no longer work as a column
3668 default. Use functions such as <function>now()</function>,
3669 <function>current_timestamp</function> instead. (change
3670 required for prepared statements) (Tom)
3675 <para>Treat NaN as larger than any other value in <function>min()</>/<function>max()</> (Tom)</para>
3677 NaN was already sorted after ordinary numeric values for most
3678 purposes, but <function>min()</> and <function>max()</> didn't
3684 <para>Prevent interval from suppressing <literal>:00</literal>
3685 seconds display</para>
3690 New functions <function>pg_get_triggerdef(prettyprint)</function>
3691 and <function>pg_conversion_is_visible()</function> (Christopher)
3696 <para>Allow time to be specified as <literal>040506</> or <literal>0405</> (Tom)</para>
3701 Input date order must now be <literal>YYYY-MM-DD</literal> (with 4-digit year) or
3702 match <varname>datestyle</varname>
3708 Make <function>pg_get_constraintdef</function> support
3709 unique, primary-key, and check constraints (Christopher)
3716 <title>Server-Side Language Changes</title>
3721 Prevent PL/pgSQL crash when <literal>RETURN NEXT</literal> is
3722 used on a zero-row record variable (Tom)
3728 Make PL/Python's <function>spi_execute</function> interface
3729 handle null values properly (Andrew Bosma)
3734 <para>Allow PL/pgSQL to declare variables of composite types without <literal>%ROWTYPE</literal> (Tom)</para>
3738 <para>Fix PL/Python's <function>_quote()</function> function to handle big integers</para>
3742 <para>Make PL/Python an untrusted language, now called <literal>plpythonu</literal> (Kevin Jacobs, Tom)</para>
3744 The Python language no longer supports a restricted execution
3745 environment, so the trusted version of PL/Python was removed. If
3746 this situation changes, a version of PL/Python that can be used
3747 by non-superusers will be readded.
3752 <para>Allow polymorphic PL/pgSQL functions (Joe, Tom)</para>
3756 <para>Allow polymorphic SQL functions (Joe)</para>
3761 Improved compiled function caching mechanism in PL/pgSQL with
3762 full support for polymorphism (Joe)
3768 Add new parameter <literal>$0</> in PL/pgSQL representing the
3769 function's actual return type (Joe)
3775 Allow PL/Tcl and PL/Python to use the same trigger on multiple tables (Tom)
3781 Fixed PL/Tcl's <function>spi_prepare</function> to accept fully
3782 qualified type names in the parameter type list
3790 <title>psql Changes</title>
3794 <para>Add <literal>\pset pager always</literal> to always use pager (Greg)</para>
3796 This forces the pager to be used even if the number of rows is
3797 less than the screen height. This is valuable for rows that
3798 wrap across several screen rows.
3802 <listitem><para>Improve tab completion (Rod, Ross Reedstrom, Ian Barwick)</para></listitem>
3803 <listitem><para>Reorder <literal>\?</> help into groupings (Harald Armin Massa, Bruce)</para></listitem>
3804 <listitem><para>Add backslash commands for listing schemas, casts, and conversions (Christopher)</para></listitem>
3808 <command>\encoding</> now changes based on the server parameter
3809 <varname>client_encoding</varname> (Tom)
3812 In previous versions, <command>\encoding</command> was not aware
3813 of encoding changes made using <literal>SET
3814 client_encoding</literal>.
3819 <para>Save editor buffer into readline history (Ross)</para>
3821 When <command>\e</> is used to edit a query, the result is saved
3822 in the readline history for retrieval using the up arrow.
3826 <listitem><para>Improve <command>\d</command> display (Christopher)</para></listitem>
3827 <listitem><para>Enhance HTML mode to be more standards-conforming (Greg)</para></listitem>
3830 <para>New <command>\set AUTOCOMMIT off</command> capability (Tom)</para>
3832 This takes the place of the removed server parameter <varname>autocommit</varname>.
3837 <para>New <command>\set VERBOSITY</command> to control error detail (Tom)</para>
3839 This controls the new error reporting details.
3843 <listitem><para>New prompt escape sequence <literal>%x</literal> to show transaction status (Tom)</para></listitem>
3844 <listitem><para>Long options for <application>psql</application> are now available on all platforms</para></listitem>
3849 <title>pg_dump Changes</title>
3852 <listitem><para>Multiple pg_dump fixes, including tar format and large objects</para></listitem>
3853 <listitem><para>Allow pg_dump to dump specific schemas (Neil)</para></listitem>
3856 <para>Make pg_dump preserve column storage characteristics (Christopher)</para>
3858 This preserves <literal>ALTER TABLE ... SET STORAGE</literal> information.
3862 <listitem><para>Make pg_dump preserve <command>CLUSTER</command> characteristics (Christopher)</para></listitem>
3866 Have pg_dumpall use <command>GRANT</>/<command>REVOKE</> to dump database-level privleges (Tom)
3872 Allow pg_dumpall to support the options <option>-a</>,
3873 <option>-s</>, <option>-x</> of pg_dump (Tom)
3877 <listitem><para>Prevent pg_dump from lowercasing identifiers specified on the command line (Tom)</para></listitem>
3881 pg_dump options <option>--use-set-session-authorization</option>
3882 and <option>--no-reconnect</option> now do nothing, all dumps
3883 use <command>SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION</command>
3886 pg_dump no longer reconnects to switch users, but instead always
3887 uses <command>SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION</command>. This will
3888 reduce password prompting during restores.
3893 <para>Long options for <application>pg_dump</application> are now available on all platforms</para>
3895 <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> now includes its own
3896 long-option processing routines.
3903 <title>libpq Changes</title>
3908 Add function <function>PQfreemem</function> for freeing memory on
3909 Windows, suggested for <command>NOTIFY</command> (Bruce)
3912 Windows requires that memory allocated in a library be freed by
3913 a function in the same library, hence
3914 <function>free()</function> doesn't work for freeing memory
3915 allocated by libpq. <function>PQfreemem</function> is the proper
3916 way to free libpq memory, especially on Windows, and is
3917 recommended for other platforms as well.
3922 <para>Document service capability, and add sample file (Bruce)</para>
3924 This allows clients to look up connection information in a
3925 central file on the client machine.
3931 Make <function>PQsetdbLogin</function> have the same defaults as
3932 <function>PQconnectdb</function> (Tom)
3936 <listitem><para>Allow libpq to cleanly fail when result sets are too large (Tom)</para></listitem>
3940 Improve performance of function <function>PQunescapeBytea</function> (Ben Lamb)
3946 Allow thread-safe libpq with <filename>configure</filename>
3947 option <option>--enable-thread-safety</option> (Lee Kindness,
3954 Allow function <function>pqInternalNotice</function> to accept a
3955 format string and arguments instead of just a preformatted
3956 message (Tom, Sean Chittenden)
3962 Control SSL negotiation with <literal>sslmode</literal> values
3963 <literal>disable</literal>, <literal>allow</literal>,
3964 <literal>prefer</literal>, and <literal>require</literal> (Jon
3970 <para>Allow new error codes and levels of text (Tom)</para>
3974 <para>Allow access to the underlying table and column of a query result (Tom)</para>
3976 This is helpful for query-builder applications that want to know
3977 the underlying table and column names associated with a specific
3982 <listitem><para>Allow access to the current transaction status (Tom)</para></listitem>
3983 <listitem><para>Add ability to pass binary data directly to the server (Tom)</para></listitem>
3987 Add function <function>PQexecPrepared</function> and
3988 <function>PQsendQueryPrepared</function> functions which perform
3989 bind/execute of previously prepared statements (Tom)
3996 <title>JDBC Changes</title>
3999 <listitem><para>Allow <function>setNull</function> on updateable result sets</para></listitem>
4000 <listitem><para>Allow <function>executeBatch</function> on a prepared statement (Barry)</para></listitem>
4001 <listitem><para>Support SSL connections (Barry)</para></listitem>
4002 <listitem><para>Handle schema names in result sets (Paul Sorenson)</para></listitem>
4003 <listitem><para>Add refcursor support (Nic Ferrier)</para></listitem>
4008 <title>Miscellaneous Interface Changes</title>
4012 <para>Prevent possible memory leak or core dump during libpgtcl shutdown (Tom)</para>
4015 <para>Add Informix compatibility to ECPG (Michael)</para>
4017 This allows ECPG to process embedded C programs that were
4018 written using certain Informix extensions.
4023 <para>Add type <type>decimal</type> to ECPG that is fixed length, for Informix (Michael)</para>
4028 Allow thread-safe embedded SQL programs with
4029 <filename>configure</filename> option
4030 <option>--enable-thread-safety</option> (Lee Kindness, Bruce)
4033 This allows multiple threads to access the database at the same
4039 <para>Moved Python client PyGreSQL to <ulink url="http://www.pygresql.org"></ulink> (Marc)</para>
4045 <title>Source Code Changes</title>
4048 <listitem><para>Prevent need for separate platform geometry regression result files (Tom)</para></listitem>
4049 <listitem><para>Improved PPC locking primitive (Reinhard Max)</para></listitem>
4050 <listitem><para>New function <function>palloc0</function> to allocate and clear memory (Bruce)</para></listitem>
4051 <listitem><para>Fix locking code for s390x CPU (64-bit) (Tom)</para></listitem>
4052 <listitem><para>Allow OpenBSD to use local ident credentials (William Ahern)</para></listitem>
4053 <listitem><para>Make query plan trees read-only to executor (Tom)</para></listitem>
4054 <listitem><para>Add Darwin startup scripts (David Wheeler)</para></listitem>
4055 <listitem><para>Allow libpq to compile with Borland C++ compiler (Lester Godwin, Karl Waclawek)</para></listitem>
4056 <listitem><para>Use our own version of <function>getopt_long()</function> if needed (Peter)</para></listitem>
4057 <listitem><para>Convert administration scripts to C (Peter)</para></listitem>
4058 <listitem><para> Bison >= 1.85 is now required to build the <productname>PostgreSQL</> grammar, if building from CVS</para></listitem>
4059 <listitem><para>Merge documentation into one book (Peter)</para></listitem>
4060 <listitem><para>Add Windows compatibility functions (Bruce)</para></listitem>
4061 <listitem><para>Allow client interfaces to compile under MinGW (Bruce)</para></listitem>
4062 <listitem><para>New <function>ereport()</function> function for error reporting (Tom)</para></listitem>
4063 <listitem><para>Support Intel compiler on Linux (Peter)</para></listitem>
4064 <listitem><para>Improve Linux startup scripts (Slawomir Sudnik, Darko Prenosil)</para></listitem>
4065 <listitem><para>Add support for AMD Opteron and Itanium (Jeffrey W. Baker, Bruce)</para></listitem>
4067 <para>Remove <option>--enable-recode</option> option from <command>configure</command></para>
4069 This was no longer needed now that we have <command>CREATE CONVERSION</command>.
4073 <para>Generate a compile error if spinlock code is not found (Bruce)</para>
4075 Platforms without spinlock code will now fail to compile, rather
4076 than silently using semaphores. This failure can be disabled
4077 with a new <command>configure</command> option.
4084 <title>Contrib Changes</title>
4087 <listitem><para>Change dbmirror license to BSD</para></listitem>
4088 <listitem><para>Improve earthdistance (Bruno Wolff III)</para></listitem>
4089 <listitem><para>Portability improvements to pgcrypto (Marko Kreen)</para></listitem>
4090 <listitem><para>Prevent crash in xml (John Gray, Michael Richards)</para></listitem>
4091 <listitem><para>Update oracle</para></listitem>
4092 <listitem><para>Update mysql</para></listitem>
4093 <listitem><para>Update cube (Bruno Wolff III)</para></listitem>
4094 <listitem><para>Update earthdistance to use cube (Bruno Wolff III)</para></listitem>
4095 <listitem><para>Update btree_gist (Oleg)</para></listitem>
4096 <listitem><para>New tsearch2 full-text search module (Oleg, Teodor)</para></listitem>
4097 <listitem><para>Add hash-based crosstab function to tablefuncs (Joe)</para></listitem>
4098 <listitem><para>Add serial column to order <function>connectby()</> siblings in tablefuncs (Nabil Sayegh,Joe)</para></listitem>
4099 <listitem><para>Add named persistent connections to dblink (Shridhar Daithanka)</para></listitem>
4100 <listitem><para>New pg_autovacuum allows automatic <command>VACUUM</command> (Matthew T. O'Connor)</para></listitem>
4101 <listitem><para>Make pgbench honor environment variables <envar>PGHOST</>, <envar>PGPORT</>, <envar>PGUSER</> (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
4102 <listitem><para>Improve intarray (Teodor Sigaev)</para></listitem>
4103 <listitem><para>Improve pgstattuple (Rod)</para></listitem>
4104 <listitem><para>Fix bug in <function>metaphone()</function> in fuzzystrmatch</para></listitem>
4105 <listitem><para>Improve adddepend (Rod)</para></listitem>
4106 <listitem><para>Update spi/timetravel (Böjthe Zoltán)</para></listitem>
4107 <listitem><para>Fix dbase <option>-s</> option and improve non-ASCII handling (Thomas Behr, Márcio Smiderle)</para></listitem>
4108 <listitem><para>Remove array module because features now included by default (Joe)</para></listitem>
4114 <sect1 id="release-7-3-7">
4115 <title>Release 7.3.7</title>
4118 <title>Release date</title>
4119 <simpara>2004-08-16</simpara>
4123 This release contains one critical fix over 7.3.6, and some minor items.
4128 <title>Migration to version 7.3.7</title>
4131 A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.3.X.
4136 <title>Changes</title>
4139 <listitem><para>Prevent possible loss of committed transactions during crash</para>
4141 Due to insufficient interlocking between transaction commit and checkpointing,
4142 it was possible for transactions committed just before the most recent
4143 checkpoint to be lost, in whole or in part, following a database crash and
4144 restart. This is a serious bug that has existed
4145 since <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> 7.1.
4147 <listitem><para>Remove asymmetrical word processing in tsearch (Teodor)</para></listitem>
4148 <listitem><para>Properly schema-qualify function names when pg_dump'ing a CAST</para></listitem>
4154 <sect1 id="release-7-3-6">
4155 <title>Release 7.3.6</title>
4158 <title>Release date</title>
4159 <simpara>2004-03-02</simpara>
4163 This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.3.5.
4168 <title>Migration to version 7.3.6</title>
4171 A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those
4178 <title>Changes</title>
4181 <listitem><para>Revert erroneous changes in rule permissions checking</para>
4182 <para>A patch applied in 7.3.3 to fix a corner case in rule permissions checks
4183 turns out to have disabled rule-related permissions checks in many
4184 not-so-corner cases. This would for example allow users to insert into views
4185 they weren't supposed to have permission to insert into. We have therefore
4186 reverted the 7.3.3 patch. The original bug will be fixed in 8.0.
4188 <listitem><para>Repair incorrect order of operations in
4189 GetNewTransactionId()</para>
4191 This bug could result in failure under out-of-disk-space conditions, including
4192 inability to restart even after disk space is freed.
4194 <listitem><para>Ensure configure selects -fno-strict-aliasing even when
4195 an external value for CFLAGS is supplied</para>
4197 On some platforms, building with -fstrict-aliasing causes bugs.
4199 <listitem><para>Make pg_restore handle 64-bit off_t correctly</para>
4201 This bug prevented proper restoration from archive files exceeding 4Gb.
4203 <listitem><para>Make contrib/dblink not assume that local and remote type OIDs
4204 match (Joe)</para></listitem>
4205 <listitem><para>Quote connectby()'s start_with argument properly (Joe)</para></listitem>
4206 <listitem><para>Don't crash when a rowtype argument to a plpgsql function is
4207 NULL</para></listitem>
4208 <listitem><para>Avoid generating invalid character encoding sequences in
4209 corner cases when planning LIKE operations</para></listitem>
4210 <listitem><para>Ensure text_position() cannot scan past end of source string
4211 in multibyte cases (Korea PostgreSQL Users' Group)</para></listitem>
4212 <listitem><para>Fix index optimization and selectivity estimates for LIKE
4213 operations on bytea columns (Joe)</para></listitem>
4219 <sect1 id="release-7-3-5">
4220 <title>Release 7.3.5</title>
4223 <title>Release date</title>
4224 <simpara>2003-12-03</simpara>
4228 This has a variety of fixes from 7.3.4.
4233 <title>Migration to version 7.3.5</title>
4236 A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those
4242 <title>Changes</title>
4245 <listitem><para>Force zero_damaged_pages to be on during recovery from WAL</para></listitem>
4246 <listitem><para>Prevent some obscure cases of <quote>variable not in subplan target lists</quote></para></listitem>
4247 <listitem><para>Force stats processes to detach from shared memory, ensuring cleaner shutdown</para></listitem>
4248 <listitem><para>Make PQescapeBytea and byteaout consistent with each other (Joe)</para></listitem>
4249 <listitem><para>Added missing SPI_finish() calls to dblink's get_tuple_of_interest() (Joe)</para></listitem>
4250 <listitem><para>Fix for possible foreign key violation when rule rewrites INSERT (Jan)</para></listitem>
4251 <listitem><para>Support qualified type names in PL/Tcl's spi_prepare command (Jan)</para></listitem>
4252 <listitem><para>Make pg_dump handle a procedural language handler located in pg_catalog</para></listitem>
4253 <listitem><para>Make pg_dump handle cases where a custom opclass is in another schema</para></listitem>
4254 <listitem><para>Make pg_dump dump binary-compatible casts correctly (Jan)</para></listitem>
4255 <listitem><para>Fix insertion of expressions containing subqueries into rule bodies</para></listitem>
4256 <listitem><para>Fix incorrect argument processing in clusterdb script (Anand Ranganathan)</para></listitem>
4257 <listitem><para>Fix problems with dropped columns in plpython triggers</para></listitem>
4258 <listitem><para>Repair problems with to_char() reading past end of its input string (Karel)</para></listitem>
4259 <listitem><para>Fix GB18030 mapping errors (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
4260 <listitem><para>Fix several problems with SSL error handling and asynchronous SSL I/O</para></listitem>
4261 <listitem><para>Remove ability to bind a list of values to a single parameter in JDBC
4262 (prevents possible SQL-injection attacks)</para></listitem>
4263 <listitem><para>Fix some errors in HAVE_INT64_TIMESTAMP code paths</para></listitem>
4264 <listitem><para>Fix corner case for btree search in parallel with first root page split</para></listitem>
4270 <sect1 id="release-7-3-4">
4271 <title>Release 7.3.4</title>
4274 <title>Release date</title>
4275 <simpara>2003-07-24</simpara>
4279 This has a variety of fixes from 7.3.3.
4284 <title>Migration to version 7.3.4</title>
4287 A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those
4293 <title>Changes</title>
4296 <listitem><para>Repair breakage in timestamp-to-date conversion for dates before 2000</para></listitem>
4297 <listitem><para>Prevent rare possibility of server startup failure (Tom)</para></listitem>
4298 <listitem><para>Fix bugs in interval-to-time conversion (Tom)</para></listitem>
4299 <listitem><para>Add constraint names in a few places in pg_dump (Rod)</para></listitem>
4300 <listitem><para>Improve performance of functions with many parameters (Tom)</para></listitem>
4301 <listitem><para>Fix to_ascii() buffer overruns (Tom)</para></listitem>
4302 <listitem><para>Prevent restore of database comments from throwing an error (Tom)</para></listitem>
4303 <listitem><para>Work around buggy strxfrm() present in some Solaris releases (Tom)</para></listitem>
4304 <listitem><para>Properly escape jdbc setObject() strings to improve security (Barry)</para></listitem>
4310 <sect1 id="release-7-3-3">
4311 <title>Release 7.3.3</title>
4314 <title>Release date</title>
4315 <simpara>2003-05-22</simpara>
4319 This release contains a variety of fixes for version 7.3.2.
4323 <title>Migration to version 7.3.3</title>
4326 A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those
4327 running version 7.3.*.
4332 <title>Changes</title>
4335 <listitem><para>Repair sometimes-incorrect computation of StartUpID after a crash</para></listitem>
4336 <listitem><para>Avoid slowness with lots of deferred triggers in one transaction (Stephan)</para></listitem>
4337 <listitem><para>Don't lock referenced row when <command>UPDATE</command> doesn't change foreign key's value (Jan)</para></listitem>
4338 <listitem><para>Use <command>-fPIC</command> not <command>-fpic</command> on Sparc (Tom Callaway)</para></listitem>
4339 <listitem><para>Repair lack of schema-awareness in contrib/reindexdb</para></listitem>
4340 <listitem><para>Fix contrib/intarray error for zero-element result array (Teodor)</para></listitem>
4341 <listitem><para>Ensure createuser script will exit on control-C (Oliver)</para></listitem>
4342 <listitem><para>Fix errors when the type of a dropped column has itself been dropped</para></listitem>
4343 <listitem><para><command>CHECKPOINT</command> does not cause database panic on failure in noncritical steps</para></listitem>
4344 <listitem><para>Accept 60 in seconds fields of timestamp, time, interval input values</para></listitem>
4345 <listitem><para>Issue notice, not error, if <type>TIMESTAMP</type>,
4346 <type> TIME</type>, or <type>INTERVAL</type> precision too large</para></listitem>
4347 <listitem><para>Fix <function>abstime-to-time</function> cast function (fix is
4348 not applied unless you <application>initdb</application>)</para></listitem>
4349 <listitem><para>Fix <application>pg_proc</application> entry for
4350 <type>timestampt_izone</type> (fix is not applied unless you
4351 <application>initdb</application>)</para></listitem>
4352 <listitem><para>Make <function>EXTRACT(EPOCH FROM timestamp without time zone)</function> treat input as local time</para></listitem>
4353 <listitem><para><command>'now'::timestamptz</command> gave wrong answer if timezone changed earlier in transaction</para></listitem>
4354 <listitem><para><envar>HAVE_INT64_TIMESTAMP</envar> code for time with timezone overwrote its input</para></listitem>
4355 <listitem><para>Accept <command>GLOBAL TEMP/TEMPORARY</command> as a
4356 synonym for <command>TEMPORARY</command></para></listitem>
4357 <listitem><para>Avoid improper schema-privilege-check failure in foreign-key triggers</para></listitem>
4358 <listitem><para>Fix bugs in foreign-key triggers for <command>SET DEFAULT</command> action</para></listitem>
4359 <listitem><para>Fix incorrect time-qual check in row fetch for
4360 <command>UPDATE</command> and <command>DELETE</command> triggers</para></listitem>
4361 <listitem><para>Foreign-key clauses were parsed but ignored in
4362 <command>ALTER TABLE ADD COLUMN</command></para></listitem>
4363 <listitem><para>Fix createlang script breakage for case where handler function already exists</para></listitem>
4364 <listitem><para>Fix misbehavior on zero-column tables in <application>pg_dump</application>, COPY, ANALYZE, other places</para></listitem>
4365 <listitem><para>Fix misbehavior of <function>func_error()</function> on type names containing '%'</para></listitem>
4366 <listitem><para>Fix misbehavior of <function>replace()</function> on strings containing '%'</para></listitem>
4367 <listitem><para>Regular-expression patterns containing certain multibyte characters failed</para></listitem>
4368 <listitem><para>Account correctly for <command>NULL</command>s in more cases in join size estimation</para></listitem>
4369 <listitem><para>Avoid conflict with system definition of <function>isblank()</function> function or macro</para></listitem>
4370 <listitem><para>Fix failure to convert large code point values in EUC_TW conversions (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
4371 <listitem><para>Fix error recovery for <function>SSL_read</function>/<function>SSL_write</function> calls</para></listitem>
4372 <listitem><para>Don't do early constant-folding of type coercion expressions</para></listitem>
4373 <listitem><para>Validate page header fields immediately after reading in any page</para></listitem>
4374 <listitem><para>Repair incorrect check for ungrouped variables in unnamed joins</para></listitem>
4375 <listitem><para>Fix buffer overrun in <function>to_ascii</function> (Guido Notari)</para></listitem>
4376 <listitem><para>contrib/ltree fixes (Teodor)</para></listitem>
4377 <listitem><para>Fix core dump in deadlock detection on machines where char is unsigned</para></listitem>
4378 <listitem><para>Avoid running out of buffers in many-way indexscan (bug introduced in 7.3)</para></listitem>
4379 <listitem><para>Fix planner's selectivity estimation functions to handle domains properly</para></listitem>
4380 <listitem><para>Fix <application>dbmirror</application> memory-allocation bug (Steven Singer)</para></listitem>
4381 <listitem><para>Prevent infinite loop in <function>ln(numeric)</function> due to roundoff error</para></listitem>
4382 <listitem><para><command>GROUP BY</command> got confused if there were multiple equal GROUP BY items</para></listitem>
4383 <listitem><para>Fix bad plan when inherited <command>UPDATE</command>/<command>DELETE</command> references another inherited table</para></listitem>
4384 <listitem><para>Prevent clustering on incomplete (partial or non-NULL-storing) indexes</para></listitem>
4385 <listitem><para>Service shutdown request at proper time if it arrives while still starting up</para></listitem>
4386 <listitem><para>Fix left-links in temporary indexes (could make backwards scans miss entries)</para></listitem>
4387 <listitem><para>Fix incorrect handling of client_encoding setting in postgresql.conf (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
4388 <listitem><para>Fix failure to respond to <command>pg_ctl stop -m fast</command> after Async_NotifyHandler runs</para></listitem>
4389 <listitem><para>Fix SPI for case where rule contains multiple statements of the same type</para></listitem>
4390 <listitem><para>Fix problem with checking for wrong type of access privilege in rule query</para></listitem>
4391 <listitem><para>Fix problem with <command>EXCEPT</command> in <command>CREATE RULE</command></para></listitem>
4392 <listitem><para>Prevent problem with dropping temp tables having serial columns</para></listitem>
4393 <listitem><para>Fix replace_vars_with_subplan_refs failure in complex views</para></listitem>
4394 <listitem><para>Fix regexp slowness in single-byte encodings (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
4395 <listitem><para>Allow qualified type names in <command>CREATE CAST</command>
4396 and <command> DROP CAST</command></para></listitem>
4397 <listitem><para>Accept <function>SETOF type[]</function>, which formerly had to
4398 be written <function>SETOF _type</function></para></listitem>
4399 <listitem><para>Fix <application>pg_dump</application> core dump in some cases with procedural languages</para></listitem>
4400 <listitem><para>Force ISO datestyle in <application>pg_dump</application> output, for portability (Oliver)</para></listitem>
4401 <listitem><para><application>pg_dump</application> failed to handle error return
4402 from <function>lo_read</function> (Oleg Drokin)</para></listitem>
4403 <listitem><para><application>pg_dumpall</application> failed with groups having no members (Nick Eskelinen)</para></listitem>
4404 <listitem><para><application>pg_dumpall</application> failed to recognize --globals-only switch</para></listitem>
4405 <listitem><para>pg_restore failed to restore blobs if -X disable-triggers is specified</para></listitem>
4406 <listitem><para>Repair intrafunction memory leak in plpgsql</para></listitem>
4407 <listitem><para>pltcl's <command>elog</command> command dumped core if given wrong parameters (Ian Harding)</para></listitem>
4408 <listitem><para>plpython used wrong value of <envar>atttypmod</envar> (Brad McLean)</para></listitem>
4409 <listitem><para>Fix improper quoting of boolean values in Python interface (D'Arcy)</para></listitem>
4410 <listitem><para>Added <function>addDataType()</function> method to PGConnection interface for JDBC</para></listitem>
4411 <listitem><para>Fixed various problems with updateable ResultSets for JDBC (Shawn Green)</para></listitem>
4412 <listitem><para>Fixed various problems with DatabaseMetaData for JDBC (Kris Jurka, Peter Royal)</para></listitem>
4413 <listitem><para>Fixed problem with parsing table ACLs in JDBC</para></listitem>
4414 <listitem><para>Better error message for character set conversion problems in JDBC</para></listitem>
4420 <sect1 id="release-7-3-2">
4421 <title>Release 7.3.2</title>
4424 <title>Release date</title>
4425 <simpara>2003-02-04</simpara>
4429 This release contains a variety of fixes for version 7.3.1.
4434 <title>Migration to version 7.3.2</title>
4437 A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those
4438 running version 7.3.*.
4443 <title>Changes</title>
4446 <listitem><para>Restore creation of OID column in CREATE TABLE AS / SELECT INTO</para></listitem>
4447 <listitem><para>Fix <application>pg_dump</> core dump when dumping views having comments</para></listitem>
4448 <listitem><para>Dump DEFERRABLE/INITIALLY DEFERRED constraints properly</para></listitem>
4449 <listitem><para>Fix UPDATE when child table's column numbering differs from parent</para></listitem>
4450 <listitem><para>Increase default value of max_fsm_relations</para></listitem>
4451 <listitem><para>Fix problem when fetching backwards in a cursor for a single-row query</para></listitem>
4452 <listitem><para>Make backward fetch work properly with cursor on SELECT DISTINCT query</para></listitem>
4453 <listitem><para>Fix problems with loading <application>pg_dump</> files containing contrib/lo usage</para></listitem>
4454 <listitem><para>Fix problem with all-numeric user names</para></listitem>
4455 <listitem><para>Fix possible memory leak and core dump during disconnect in libpgtcl</para></listitem>
4456 <listitem><para>Make plpython's spi_execute command handle nulls properly (Andrew Bosma)</para></listitem>
4457 <listitem><para>Adjust plpython error reporting so that its regression test passes again</para></listitem>
4458 <listitem><para>Work with bison 1.875</para></listitem>
4459 <listitem><para>Handle mixed-case names properly in plpgsql's %type (Neil)</para></listitem>
4460 <listitem><para>Fix core dump in pltcl when executing a query rewritten by a rule</para></listitem>
4461 <listitem><para>Repair array subscript overruns (per report from Yichen Xie)</para></listitem>
4462 <listitem><para>Reduce MAX_TIME_PRECISION from 13 to 10 in floating-point case</para></listitem>
4463 <listitem><para>Correctly case-fold variable names in per-database and per-user settings</para></listitem>
4464 <listitem><para>Fix coredump in plpgsql's RETURN NEXT when SELECT into record returns no rows</para></listitem>
4465 <listitem><para>Fix outdated use of pg_type.typprtlen in python client interface</para></listitem>
4466 <listitem><para>Correctly handle fractional seconds in timestamps in JDBC driver</para></listitem>
4467 <listitem><para>Improve performance of getImportedKeys() in JDBC</para></listitem>
4468 <listitem><para>Make shared-library symlinks work standardly on HPUX (Giles)</para></listitem>
4469 <listitem><para>Repair inconsistent rounding behavior for timestamp, time, interval</para></listitem>
4470 <listitem><para>SSL negotiation fixes (Nathan Mueller)</para></listitem>
4471 <listitem><para>Make libpq's ~/.pgpass feature work when connecting with PQconnectDB</para></listitem>
4472 <listitem><para>Update my2pg, ora2pg</para></listitem>
4473 <listitem><para>Translation updates</para></listitem>
4474 <listitem><para>Add casts between types lo and oid in contrib/lo</para></listitem>
4475 <listitem><para>fastpath code now checks for privilege to call function</para></listitem>
4481 <sect1 id="release-7-3-1">
4482 <title>Release 7.3.1</title>
4485 <title>Release date</title>
4486 <simpara>2002-12-18</simpara>
4490 This release contains a variety of fixes for version 7.3.
4495 <title>Migration to version 7.3.1</title>
4498 A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those
4499 running version 7.3. However, it should be noted that the main
4500 <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> interface library, libpq,
4501 has a new major version number for this release, which may require
4502 recompilation of client code in certain cases.
4507 <title>Changes</title>
4510 <listitem><para>Fix a core dump of COPY TO when client/server encodings don't match (Tom)</para></listitem>
4511 <listitem><para>Allow <application>pg_dump</> to work with pre-7.2 servers (Philip)</para></listitem>
4512 <listitem><para>contrib/adddepend fixes (Tom)</para></listitem>
4513 <listitem><para>Fix problem with deletion of per-user/per-database config settings (Tom)</para></listitem>
4514 <listitem><para>contrib/vacuumlo fix (Tom)</para></listitem>
4515 <listitem><para>Allow 'password' encryption even when pg_shadow contains MD5 passwords (Bruce)</para></listitem>
4516 <listitem><para>contrib/dbmirror fix (Steven Singer)</para></listitem>
4517 <listitem><para>Optimizer fixes (Tom)</para></listitem>
4518 <listitem><para>contrib/tsearch fixes (Teodor Sigaev, Magnus)</para></listitem>
4519 <listitem><para>Allow locale names to be mixed case (Nicolai Tufar)</para></listitem>
4520 <listitem><para>Increment libpq library's major version number (Bruce)</para></listitem>
4521 <listitem><para>pg_hba.conf error reporting fixes (Bruce, Neil)</para></listitem>
4522 <listitem><para>Add SCO Openserver 5.0.4 as a supported platform (Bruce)</para></listitem>
4523 <listitem><para>Prevent EXPLAIN from crashing server (Tom)</para></listitem>
4524 <listitem><para>SSL fixes (Nathan Mueller)</para></listitem>
4525 <listitem><para>Prevent composite column creation via ALTER TABLE (Tom)</para></listitem>
4531 <sect1 id="release-7-3">
4532 <title>Release 7.3</title>
4535 <title>Release date</title>
4536 <simpara>2002-11-27</simpara>
4540 <title>Overview</title>
4543 Major changes in this release:
4547 <term>Schemas</term>
4550 Schemas allow users to create objects in separate namespaces,
4551 so two people or applications can have tables with the same
4552 name. There is also a public schema for shared tables.
4553 Table/index creation can be restricted by removing privileges
4554 on the public schema.
4560 <term>Drop Column</term>
4563 <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> now supports the
4564 <literal>ALTER TABLE ... DROP COLUMN</literal> functionality.
4570 <term>Table Functions</term>
4573 Functions returning multiple rows and/or multiple columns are
4574 now much easier to use than before. You can call such a
4575 <quote>table function</quote> in the <literal>SELECT</literal>
4576 <literal>FROM</literal> clause, treating its output like a
4577 table. Also, <application>PL/pgSQL</application> functions can
4584 <term>Prepared Queries</term>
4587 <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> now supports prepared
4588 queries, for improved performance.
4594 <term>Dependency Tracking</term>
4597 <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> now records object
4598 dependencies, which allows improvements in many areas.
4599 <command>DROP</command> statements now take either
4600 <literal>CASCADE</> or <literal>RESTRICT</> to control whether
4601 dependent objects are also dropped.
4607 <term>Privileges</term>
4610 Functions and procedural languages now have privileges, and
4611 functions can be defined to run with the privileges of their
4618 <term>Internationalization</term>
4621 Both multibyte and locale support are now always enabled.
4627 <term>Logging</term>
4630 A variety of logging options have been enhanced.
4636 <term>Interfaces</term>
4639 A large number of interfaces have been moved to <ulink
4640 url="http://gborg.postgresql.org">http://gborg.postgresql.org</>
4641 where they can be developed and released independently.
4647 <term>Functions/Identifiers</term>
4650 By default, functions can now take up to 32 parameters, and
4651 identifiers can be up to 63 bytes long. Also, <literal>OPAQUE</>
4652 is now deprecated: there are specific <quote>pseudo-datatypes</>
4653 to represent each of the former meanings of <literal>OPAQUE</>
4654 in function argument and result types.
4664 <title>Migration to version 7.3</title>
4667 A dump/restore using <application>pg_dump</> is required for those
4668 wishing to migrate data from any previous release. If your
4669 application examines the system catalogs, additional changes will
4670 be required due to the introduction of schemas in 7.3; for more
4671 information, see: <ulink
4672 url="http://developer.postgresql.org/~momjian/upgrade_tips_7.3">
4673 http://developer.postgresql.org/~momjian/upgrade_tips_7.3</>.
4677 Observe the following incompatibilities:
4682 Pre-6.3 clients are no longer supported.
4688 <filename>pg_hba.conf</filename> now has a column for the user
4689 name and additional features. Existing files need to be
4696 Several <filename>postgresql.conf</filename> logging parameters
4703 <literal>LIMIT #,#</literal> has been disabled; use
4704 <literal>LIMIT # OFFSET #</literal>.
4710 <command>INSERT</command> statements with column lists must
4711 specify a value for each specified column. For example,
4712 <literal>INSERT INTO tab (col1, col2) VALUES ('val1')</literal>
4713 is now invalid. It's still allowed to supply fewer columns than
4714 expected if the <command>INSERT</command> does not have a column list.
4720 <type>serial</type> columns are no longer automatically
4721 <literal>UNIQUE</>; thus, an index will not automatically be
4728 A <command>SET</command> command inside an aborted transaction
4735 <command>COPY</command> no longer considers missing trailing
4736 columns to be null. All columns need to be specified.
4737 (However, one may achieve a similar effect by specifying a
4738 column list in the <command>COPY</command> command.)
4744 The data type <type>timestamp</type> is now equivalent to
4745 <type>timestamp without time zone</type>, instead of
4746 <type>timestamp with time zone</type>.
4752 Pre-7.3 databases loaded into 7.3 will not have the new object
4753 dependencies for <type>serial</type> columns, unique
4754 constraints, and foreign keys. See the directory
4755 <filename>contrib/adddepend/</filename> for a detailed
4756 description and a script that will add such dependencies.
4762 An empty string (<literal>''</literal>) is no longer allowed as
4763 the input into an integer field. Formerly, it was silently
4774 <title>Changes</title>
4777 <title>Server Operation</title>
4779 <listitem><para>Add pg_locks view to show locks (Neil)</para></listitem>
4780 <listitem><para>Security fixes for password negotiation memory allocation (Neil)</para></listitem>
4781 <listitem><para>Remove support for version 0 FE/BE protocol (<productname>PostgreSQL</productname> 6.2 and earlier) (Tom)</para></listitem>
4782 <listitem><para>Reserve the last few backend slots for superusers, add parameter superuser_reserved_connections to control this (Nigel J. Andrews)</para></listitem>
4787 <title>Performance</title>
4789 <listitem><para>Improve startup by calling localtime() only once (Tom)</para></listitem>
4790 <listitem><para>Cache system catalog information in flat files for faster startup (Tom)</para></listitem>
4791 <listitem><para>Improve caching of index information (Tom)</para></listitem>
4792 <listitem><para>Optimizer improvements (Tom, Fernando Nasser)</para></listitem>
4793 <listitem><para>Catalog caches now store failed lookups (Tom)</para></listitem>
4794 <listitem><para>Hash function improvements (Neil)</para></listitem>
4795 <listitem><para>Improve performance of query tokenization and network handling (Peter)</para></listitem>
4796 <listitem><para>Speed improvement for large object restore (Mario Weilguni)</para></listitem>
4797 <listitem><para>Mark expired index entries on first lookup, saving later heap fetches (Tom)</para></listitem>
4798 <listitem><para>Avoid excessive NULL bitmap padding (Manfred Koizar)</para></listitem>
4799 <listitem><para>Add BSD-licensed qsort() for Solaris, for performance (Bruce)</para></listitem>
4800 <listitem><para>Reduce per-row overhead by four bytes (Manfred Koizar)</para></listitem>
4801 <listitem><para>Fix GEQO optimizer bug (Neil Conway)</para></listitem>
4802 <listitem><para>Make WITHOUT OID actually save four bytes per row (Manfred Koizar)</para></listitem>
4803 <listitem><para>Add default_statistics_target variable to specify ANALYZE buckets (Neil)</para></listitem>
4804 <listitem><para>Use local buffer cache for temporary tables so no WAL overhead (Tom)</para></listitem>
4805 <listitem><para>Improve free space map performance on large tables (Stephen Marshall, Tom)</para></listitem>
4806 <listitem><para>Improved WAL write concurrency (Tom)</para></listitem>
4811 <title>Privileges</title>
4813 <listitem><para>Add privileges on functions and procedural languages (Peter)</para></listitem>
4814 <listitem><para>Add OWNER to CREATE DATABASE so superusers can create databases on behalf of unprivileged users (Gavin Sherry, Tom)</para></listitem>
4815 <listitem><para>Add new object privilege bits EXECUTE and USAGE (Tom)</para></listitem>
4816 <listitem><para>Add SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION DEFAULT and RESET SESSION AUTHORIZATION (Tom)</para></listitem>
4817 <listitem><para>Allow functions to be executed with the privilege of the function owner (Peter)</para></listitem>
4822 <title>Server Configuration</title>
4824 <listitem><para>Server log messages now tagged with LOG, not DEBUG (Bruce)</para></listitem>
4825 <listitem><para>Add user column to pg_hba.conf (Bruce)</para></listitem>
4826 <listitem><para>Have log_connections output two lines in log file (Tom)</para></listitem>
4827 <listitem><para>Remove debug_level from postgresql.conf, now server_min_messages (Bruce)</para></listitem>
4828 <listitem><para>New ALTER DATABASE/USER ... SET command for per-user/database initialization (Peter)</para></listitem>
4829 <listitem><para>New parameters server_min_messages and client_min_messages to control which messages are sent to the server logs or client applications (Bruce)</para></listitem>
4830 <listitem><para>Allow pg_hba.conf to specify lists of users/databases separated by commas, group names prepended with +, and file names prepended with @ (Bruce)</para></listitem>
4831 <listitem><para>Remove secondary password file capability and pg_password utility (Bruce)</para></listitem>
4832 <listitem><para>Add variable db_user_namespace for database-local user names (Bruce)</para></listitem>
4833 <listitem><para>SSL improvements (Bear Giles)</para></listitem>
4834 <listitem><para>Make encryption of stored passwords the default (Bruce)</para></listitem>
4835 <listitem><para>Allow pg_statistics to be reset by calling pg_stat_reset() (Christopher)</para></listitem>
4836 <listitem><para>Add log_duration parameter (Bruce)</para></listitem>
4837 <listitem><para>Rename debug_print_query to log_statement (Bruce)</para></listitem>
4838 <listitem><para>Rename show_query_stats to show_statement_stats (Bruce)</para></listitem>
4839 <listitem><para>Add param log_min_error_statement to print commands to logs on error (Gavin)</para></listitem>
4844 <title>Queries</title>
4846 <listitem><para>Make cursors insensitive, meaning their contents do not change (Tom)</para></listitem>
4847 <listitem><para>Disable LIMIT #,# syntax; now only LIMIT # OFFSET # supported (Bruce)</para></listitem>
4848 <listitem><para>Increase identifier length to 63 (Neil, Bruce)</para></listitem>
4849 <listitem><para>UNION fixes for merging >= 3 columns of different lengths (Tom)</para></listitem>
4850 <listitem><para>Add DEFAULT key word to INSERT, e.g., INSERT ... (..., DEFAULT, ...) (Rod)</para></listitem>
4851 <listitem><para>Allow views to have default values using ALTER COLUMN ... SET DEFAULT (Neil)</para></listitem>
4852 <listitem><para>Fail on INSERTs with column lists that don't supply all column values, e.g., INSERT INTO tab (col1, col2) VALUES ('val1'); (Rod)</para></listitem>
4853 <listitem><para>Fix for join aliases (Tom)</para></listitem>
4854 <listitem><para>Fix for FULL OUTER JOINs (Tom)</para></listitem>
4855 <listitem><para>Improve reporting of invalid identifier and location (Tom, Gavin)</para></listitem>
4856 <listitem><para>Fix OPEN cursor(args) (Tom)</para></listitem>
4857 <listitem><para>Allow 'ctid' to be used in a view and currtid(viewname) (Hiroshi)</para></listitem>
4858 <listitem><para>Fix for CREATE TABLE AS with UNION (Tom)</para></listitem>
4859 <listitem><para>SQL99 syntax improvements (Thomas)</para></listitem>
4860 <listitem><para>Add statement_timeout variable to cancel queries (Bruce)</para></listitem>
4861 <listitem><para>Allow prepared queries with PREPARE/EXECUTE (Neil)</para></listitem>
4862 <listitem><para>Allow FOR UPDATE to appear after LIMIT/OFFSET (Bruce)</para></listitem>
4863 <listitem><para>Add variable autocommit (Tom, David Van Wie)</para></listitem>
4868 <title>Object Manipulation</title>
4870 <listitem><para>Make equals signs optional in CREATE DATABASE (Gavin Sherry)</para></listitem>
4871 <listitem><para>Make ALTER TABLE OWNER change index ownership too (Neil)</para></listitem>
4872 <listitem><para>New ALTER TABLE tabname ALTER COLUMN colname SET STORAGE controls TOAST storage, compression (John Gray)</para></listitem>
4873 <listitem><para>Add schema support, CREATE/DROP SCHEMA (Tom)</para></listitem>
4874 <listitem><para>Create schema for temporary tables (Tom)</para></listitem>
4875 <listitem><para>Add variable search_path for schema search (Tom)</para></listitem>
4876 <listitem><para>Add ALTER TABLE SET/DROP NOT NULL (Christopher)</para></listitem>
4877 <listitem><para>New CREATE FUNCTION volatility levels (Tom)</para></listitem>
4878 <listitem><para>Make rule names unique only per table (Tom)</para></listitem>
4879 <listitem><para>Add 'ON tablename' clause to DROP RULE and COMMENT ON RULE (Tom)</para></listitem>
4880 <listitem><para>Add ALTER TRIGGER RENAME (Joe)</para></listitem>
4881 <listitem><para>New current_schema() and current_schemas() inquiry functions (Tom)</para></listitem>
4882 <listitem><para>Allow functions to return multiple rows (table functions) (Joe)</para></listitem>
4883 <listitem><para>Make WITH optional in CREATE DATABASE, for consistency (Bruce)</para></listitem>
4884 <listitem><para>Add object dependency tracking (Rod, Tom)</para></listitem>
4885 <listitem><para>Add RESTRICT/CASCADE to DROP commands (Rod)</para></listitem>
4886 <listitem><para>Add ALTER TABLE DROP for non-CHECK CONSTRAINT (Rod)</para></listitem>
4887 <listitem><para>Autodestroy sequence on DROP of table with SERIAL (Rod)</para></listitem>
4888 <listitem><para>Prevent column dropping if column is used by foreign key (Rod)</para></listitem>
4889 <listitem><para>Automatically drop constraints/functions when object is dropped (Rod)</para></listitem>
4890 <listitem><para>Add CREATE/DROP OPERATOR CLASS (Bill Studenmund, Tom)</para></listitem>
4891 <listitem><para>Add ALTER TABLE DROP COLUMN (Christopher, Tom, Hiroshi)</para></listitem>
4892 <listitem><para>Prevent inherited columns from being removed or renamed (Alvaro Herrera)</para></listitem>
4893 <listitem><para>Fix foreign key constraints to not error on intermediate database states (Stephan)</para></listitem>
4894 <listitem><para>Propagate column or table renaming to foreign key constraints</para></listitem>
4895 <listitem><para>Add CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW (Gavin, Neil, Tom)</para></listitem>
4896 <listitem><para>Add CREATE OR REPLACE RULE (Gavin, Neil, Tom)</para></listitem>
4897 <listitem><para>Have rules execute alphabetically, returning more predictable values (Tom)</para></listitem>
4898 <listitem><para>Triggers are now fired in alphabetical order (Tom)</para></listitem>
4899 <listitem><para>Add /contrib/adddepend to handle pre-7.3 object dependencies (Rod)</para></listitem>
4900 <listitem><para>Allow better casting when inserting/updating values (Tom)</para></listitem>
4905 <title>Utility Commands</title>
4907 <listitem><para>Have COPY TO output embedded carriage returns and newlines as \r and \n (Tom)</para></listitem>
4908 <listitem><para>Allow DELIMITER in COPY FROM to be 8-bit clean (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
4909 <listitem><para>Make <application>pg_dump</> use ALTER TABLE ADD PRIMARY KEY, for performance (Neil)</para></listitem>
4910 <listitem><para>Disable brackets in multistatement rules (Bruce)</para></listitem>
4911 <listitem><para>Disable VACUUM from being called inside a function (Bruce)</para></listitem>
4912 <listitem><para>Allow dropdb and other scripts to use identifiers with spaces (Bruce)</para></listitem>
4913 <listitem><para>Restrict database comment changes to the current database</para></listitem>
4914 <listitem><para>Allow comments on operators, independent of the underlying function (Rod)</para></listitem>
4915 <listitem><para>Rollback SET commands in aborted transactions (Tom)</para></listitem>
4916 <listitem><para>EXPLAIN now outputs as a query (Tom)</para></listitem>
4917 <listitem><para>Display condition expressions and sort keys in EXPLAIN (Tom)</para></listitem>
4918 <listitem><para>Add 'SET LOCAL var = value' to set configuration variables for a single transaction (Tom)</para></listitem>
4919 <listitem><para>Allow ANALYZE to run in a transaction (Bruce)</para></listitem>
4920 <listitem><para>Improve COPY syntax using new WITH clauses, keep backward compatibility (Bruce)</para></listitem>
4921 <listitem><para>Fix <application>pg_dump</> to consistently output tags in non-ASCII dumps (Bruce)</para></listitem>
4922 <listitem><para>Make foreign key constraints clearer in dump file (Rod)</para></listitem>
4923 <listitem><para>Add COMMENT ON CONSTRAINT (Rod)</para></listitem>
4924 <listitem><para>Allow COPY TO/FROM to specify column names (Brent Verner)</para></listitem>
4925 <listitem><para>Dump UNIQUE and PRIMARY KEY constraints as ALTER TABLE (Rod)</para></listitem>
4926 <listitem><para>Have SHOW output a query result (Joe)</para></listitem>
4927 <listitem><para>Generate failure on short COPY lines rather than pad NULLs (Neil)</para></listitem>
4928 <listitem><para>Fix CLUSTER to preserve all table attributes (Alvaro Herrera)</para></listitem>
4929 <listitem><para>New pg_settings table to view/modify GUC settings (Joe)</para></listitem>
4930 <listitem><para>Add smart quoting, portability improvements to <application>pg_dump</> output (Peter)</para></listitem>
4931 <listitem><para>Dump serial columns out as SERIAL (Tom)</para></listitem>
4932 <listitem><para>Enable large file support, >2G for <application>pg_dump</> (Peter, Philip Warner, Bruce)</para></listitem>
4933 <listitem><para>Disallow TRUNCATE on tables that are involved in referential constraints (Rod)</para></listitem>
4934 <listitem><para>Have TRUNCATE also auto-truncate the toast table of the relation (Tom)</para></listitem>
4935 <listitem><para>Add clusterdb utility that will auto-cluster an entire database based on previous CLUSTER operations (Alvaro Herrera)</para></listitem>
4936 <listitem><para>Overhaul pg_dumpall (Peter)</para></listitem>
4937 <listitem><para>Allow REINDEX of TOAST tables (Tom)</para></listitem>
4938 <listitem><para>Implemented START TRANSACTION, per SQL99 (Neil)</para></listitem>
4939 <listitem><para>Fix rare index corruption when a page split affects bulk delete (Tom)</para></listitem>
4940 <listitem><para>Fix ALTER TABLE ... ADD COLUMN for inheritance (Alvaro Herrera)</para></listitem>
4945 <title>Data Types and Functions</title>
4947 <listitem><para>Fix factorial(0) to return 1 (Bruce)</para></listitem>
4948 <listitem><para>Date/time/timezone improvements (Thomas)</para></listitem>
4949 <listitem><para>Fix for array slice extraction (Tom)</para></listitem>
4950 <listitem><para>Fix extract/date_part to report proper microseconds for timestamp (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
4951 <listitem><para>Allow text_substr() and bytea_substr() to read TOAST values more efficiently (John Gray)</para></listitem>
4952 <listitem><para>Add domain support (Rod)</para></listitem>
4953 <listitem><para>Make WITHOUT TIME ZONE the default for TIMESTAMP and TIME data types (Thomas)</para></listitem>
4954 <listitem><para>Allow alternate storage scheme of 64-bit integers for date/time types using --enable-integer-datetimes in configure (Thomas)</para></listitem>
4955 <listitem><para>Make timezone(timestamptz) return timestamp rather than a string (Thomas)</para></listitem>
4956 <listitem><para>Allow fractional seconds in date/time types for dates prior to 1BC (Thomas)</para></listitem>
4957 <listitem><para>Limit timestamp data types to 6 decimal places of precision (Thomas)</para></listitem>
4958 <listitem><para>Change timezone conversion functions from timetz() to timezone() (Thomas)</para></listitem>
4959 <listitem><para>Add configuration variables datestyle and timezone (Tom)</para></listitem>
4960 <listitem><para>Add OVERLAY(), which allows substitution of a substring in a string (Thomas)</para></listitem>
4961 <listitem><para>Add SIMILAR TO (Thomas, Tom)</para></listitem>
4962 <listitem><para>Add regular expression SUBSTRING(string FROM pat FOR escape) (Thomas)</para></listitem>
4963 <listitem><para>Add LOCALTIME and LOCALTIMESTAMP functions (Thomas)</para></listitem>
4964 <listitem><para>Add named composite types using CREATE TYPE typename AS (column) (Joe)</para></listitem>
4965 <listitem><para>Allow composite type definition in the table alias clause (Joe)</para></listitem>
4966 <listitem><para>Add new API to simplify creation of C language table functions (Joe)</para></listitem>
4967 <listitem><para>Remove ODBC-compatible empty parentheses from calls to SQL99 functions for which these parentheses do not match the standard (Thomas)</para></listitem>
4968 <listitem><para>Allow macaddr data type to accept 12 hex digits with no separators (Mike Wyer)</para></listitem>
4969 <listitem><para>Add CREATE/DROP CAST (Peter)</para></listitem>
4970 <listitem><para>Add IS DISTINCT FROM operator (Thomas)</para></listitem>
4971 <listitem><para>Add SQL99 TREAT() function, synonym for CAST() (Thomas)</para></listitem>
4972 <listitem><para>Add pg_backend_pid() to output backend pid (Bruce)</para></listitem>
4973 <listitem><para>Add IS OF / IS NOT OF type predicate (Thomas)</para></listitem>
4974 <listitem><para>Allow bit string constants without fully-specified length (Thomas)</para></listitem>
4975 <listitem><para>Allow conversion between 8-byte integers and bit strings (Thomas)</para></listitem>
4976 <listitem><para>Implement hex literal conversion to bit string literal (Thomas)</para></listitem>
4977 <listitem><para>Allow table functions to appear in the FROM clause (Joe)</para></listitem>
4978 <listitem><para>Increase maximum number of function parameters to 32 (Bruce)</para></listitem>
4979 <listitem><para>No longer automatically create index for SERIAL column (Tom)</para></listitem>
4980 <listitem><para>Add current_database() (Rod)</para></listitem>
4981 <listitem><para>Fix cash_words() to not overflow buffer (Tom)</para></listitem>
4982 <listitem><para>Add functions replace(), split_part(), to_hex() (Joe)</para></listitem>
4983 <listitem><para>Fix LIKE for bytea as a right-hand argument (Joe)</para></listitem>
4984 <listitem><para>Prevent crashes caused by SELECT cash_out(2) (Tom)</para></listitem>
4985 <listitem><para>Fix to_char(1,'FM999.99') to return a period (Karel)</para></listitem>
4986 <listitem><para>Fix trigger/type/language functions returning OPAQUE to return proper type (Tom)</para></listitem>
4991 <title>Internationalization</title>
4993 <listitem><para>Add additional encodings: Korean (JOHAB), Thai (WIN874), Vietnamese (TCVN), Arabic (WIN1256), Simplified Chinese (GBK), Korean (UHC) (Eiji Tokuya)</para></listitem>
4994 <listitem><para>Enable locale support by default (Peter)</para></listitem>
4995 <listitem><para>Add locale variables (Peter)</para></listitem>
4996 <listitem><para>Escape byes >= 0x7f for multibyte in PQescapeBytea/PQunescapeBytea (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
4997 <listitem><para>Add locale awareness to regular expression character classes</para></listitem>
4998 <listitem><para>Enable multibyte support by default (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
4999 <listitem><para>Add GB18030 multibyte support (Bill Huang)</para></listitem>
5000 <listitem><para>Add CREATE/DROP CONVERSION, allowing loadable encodings (Tatsuo, Kaori)</para></listitem>
5001 <listitem><para>Add pg_conversion table (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
5002 <listitem><para>Add SQL99 CONVERT() function (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
5003 <listitem><para>pg_dumpall, pg_controldata, and pg_resetxlog now national-language aware (Peter)</para></listitem>
5004 <listitem><para>New and updated translations</para></listitem>
5009 <title>Server-side Languages</title>
5011 <listitem><para>Allow recursive SQL function (Peter)</para></listitem>
5012 <listitem><para>Change PL/Tcl build to use configured compiler and Makefile.shlib (Peter)</para></listitem>
5013 <listitem><para>Overhaul the PL/pgSQL FOUND variable to be more Oracle-compatible (Neil, Tom)</para></listitem>
5014 <listitem><para>Allow PL/pgSQL to handle quoted identifiers (Tom)</para></listitem>
5015 <listitem><para>Allow set-returning PL/pgSQL functions (Neil)</para></listitem>
5016 <listitem><para>Make PL/pgSQL schema-aware (Joe)</para></listitem>
5017 <listitem><para>Remove some memory leaks (Nigel J. Andrews, Tom)</para></listitem>
5024 <listitem><para>Don't lowercase psql \connect database name for 7.2.0 compatibility (Tom)</para></listitem>
5025 <listitem><para>Add psql \timing to time user queries (Greg Sabino Mullane)</para></listitem>
5026 <listitem><para>Have psql \d show index information (Greg Sabino Mullane)</para></listitem>
5027 <listitem><para>New psql \dD shows domains (Jonathan Eisler)</para></listitem>
5028 <listitem><para>Allow psql to show rules on views (Paul ?)</para></listitem>
5029 <listitem><para>Fix for psql variable substitution (Tom)</para></listitem>
5030 <listitem><para>Allow psql \d to show temporary table structure (Tom)</para></listitem>
5031 <listitem><para>Allow psql \d to show foreign keys (Rod)</para></listitem>
5032 <listitem><para>Fix \? to honor \pset pager (Bruce)</para></listitem>
5033 <listitem><para>Have psql reports its version number on startup (Tom)</para></listitem>
5034 <listitem><para>Allow \copy to specify column names (Tom)</para></listitem>
5039 <title>libpq</title>
5041 <listitem><para>Add $HOME/.pgpass to store host/user password combinations (Alvaro Herrera)</para></listitem>
5042 <listitem><para>Add PQunescapeBytea() function to libpq (Patrick Welche)</para></listitem>
5043 <listitem><para>Fix for sending large queries over non-blocking connections (Bernhard Herzog)</para></listitem>
5044 <listitem><para>Fix for libpq using timers on Win9X (David Ford)</para></listitem>
5045 <listitem><para>Allow libpq notify to handle servers with different-length identifiers (Tom)</para></listitem>
5046 <listitem><para>Add libpq PQescapeString() and PQescapeBytea() to Windows (Bruce)</para></listitem>
5047 <listitem><para>Fix for SSL with non-blocking connections (Jack Bates)</para></listitem>
5048 <listitem><para>Add libpq connection timeout parameter (Denis A Ustimenko)</para></listitem>
5055 <listitem><para>Allow JDBC to compile with JDK 1.4 (Dave)</para></listitem>
5056 <listitem><para>Add JDBC 3 support (Barry)</para></listitem>
5057 <listitem><para>Allows JDBC to set loglevel by adding ?loglevel=X to the connection URL (Barry)</para></listitem>
5058 <listitem><para>Add Driver.info() message that prints out the version number (Barry)</para></listitem>
5059 <listitem><para>Add updateable result sets (Raghu Nidagal, Dave)</para></listitem>
5060 <listitem><para>Add support for callable statements (Paul Bethe)</para></listitem>
5061 <listitem><para>Add query cancel capability</para></listitem>
5062 <listitem><para>Add refresh row (Dave)</para></listitem>
5063 <listitem><para>Fix MD5 encryption handling for multibyte servers (Jun Kawai)</para></listitem>
5064 <listitem><para>Add support for prepared statements (Barry)</para></listitem>
5069 <title>Miscellaneous Interfaces</title>
5071 <listitem><para>Fixed ECPG bug concerning octal numbers in single quotes (Michael)</para></listitem>
5072 <listitem><para>Move src/interfaces/libpgeasy to http://gborg.postgresql.org (Marc, Bruce)</para></listitem>
5073 <listitem><para>Improve Python interface (Elliot Lee, Andrew Johnson, Greg Copeland)</para></listitem>
5074 <listitem><para>Add libpgtcl connection close event (Gerhard Hintermayer)</para></listitem>
5075 <listitem><para>Move src/interfaces/libpq++ to http://gborg.postgresql.org (Marc, Bruce)</para></listitem>
5076 <listitem><para>Move src/interfaces/odbc to http://gborg.postgresql.org (Marc)</para></listitem>
5077 <listitem><para>Move src/interfaces/libpgeasy to http://gborg.postgresql.org (Marc, Bruce)</para></listitem>
5078 <listitem><para>Move src/interfaces/perl5 to http://gborg.postgresql.org (Marc, Bruce)</para></listitem>
5079 <listitem><para>Remove src/bin/pgaccess from main tree, now at http://www.pgaccess.org (Bruce)</para></listitem>
5080 <listitem><para>Add pg_on_connection_loss command to libpgtcl (Gerhard Hintermayer, Tom)</para></listitem>
5085 <title>Source Code</title>
5087 <listitem><para>Fix for parallel make (Peter)</para></listitem>
5088 <listitem><para>AIX fixes for linking Tcl (Andreas Zeugswetter)</para></listitem>
5089 <listitem><para>Allow PL/Perl to build under Cygwin (Jason Tishler)</para></listitem>
5090 <listitem><para>Improve MIPS compiles (Peter, Oliver Elphick)</para></listitem>
5091 <listitem><para>Require Autoconf version 2.53 (Peter)</para></listitem>
5092 <listitem><para>Require readline and zlib by default in configure (Peter)</para></listitem>
5093 <listitem><para>Allow Solaris to use Intimate Shared Memory (ISM), for performance (Scott Brunza, P.J. Josh Rovero)</para></listitem>
5094 <listitem><para>Always enable syslog in compile, remove --enable-syslog option (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
5095 <listitem><para>Always enable multibyte in compile, remove --enable-multibyte option (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
5096 <listitem><para>Always enable locale in compile, remove --enable-locale option (Peter)</para></listitem>
5097 <listitem><para>Fix for Win9x DLL creation (Magnus Naeslund)</para></listitem>
5098 <listitem><para>Fix for link() usage by WAL code on Windows, BeOS (Jason Tishler)</para></listitem>
5099 <listitem><para>Add sys/types.h to c.h, remove from main files (Peter, Bruce)</para></listitem>
5100 <listitem><para>Fix AIX hang on SMP machines (Tomoyuki Niijima)</para></listitem>
5101 <listitem><para>AIX SMP hang fix (Tomoyuki Niijima)</para></listitem>
5102 <listitem><para>Fix pre-1970 date handling on newer glibc libraries (Tom)</para></listitem>
5103 <listitem><para>Fix PowerPC SMP locking (Tom)</para></listitem>
5104 <listitem><para>Prevent gcc -ffast-math from being used (Peter, Tom)</para></listitem>
5105 <listitem><para>Bison >= 1.50 now required for developer builds</para></listitem>
5106 <listitem><para>Kerberos 5 support now builds with Heimdal (Peter)</para></listitem>
5107 <listitem><para>Add appendix in the User's Guide which lists SQL features (Thomas)</para></listitem>
5108 <listitem><para>Improve loadable module linking to use RTLD_NOW (Tom)</para></listitem>
5109 <listitem><para>New error levels WARNING, INFO, LOG, DEBUG[1-5] (Bruce)</para></listitem>
5110 <listitem><para>New src/port directory holds replaced libc functions (Peter, Bruce)</para></listitem>
5111 <listitem><para>New pg_namespace system catalog for schemas (Tom)</para></listitem>
5112 <listitem><para>Add pg_class.relnamespace for schemas (Tom)</para></listitem>
5113 <listitem><para>Add pg_type.typnamespace for schemas (Tom)</para></listitem>
5114 <listitem><para>Add pg_proc.pronamespace for schemas (Tom)</para></listitem>
5115 <listitem><para>Restructure aggregates to have pg_proc entries (Tom)</para></listitem>
5116 <listitem><para>System relations now have their own namespace, pg_* test not required (Fernando Nasser)</para></listitem>
5117 <listitem><para>Rename TOAST index names to be *_index rather than *_idx (Neil)</para></listitem>
5118 <listitem><para>Add namespaces for operators, opclasses (Tom)</para></listitem>
5119 <listitem><para>Add additional checks to server control file (Thomas)</para></listitem>
5120 <listitem><para>New Polish FAQ (Marcin Mazurek)</para></listitem>
5121 <listitem><para>Add Posix semaphore support (Tom)</para></listitem>
5122 <listitem><para>Document need for reindex (Bruce)</para></listitem>
5123 <listitem><para>Rename some internal identifiers to simplify Windows compile (Jan, Katherine Ward)</para></listitem>
5124 <listitem><para>Add documentation on computing disk space (Bruce)</para></listitem>
5125 <listitem><para>Remove KSQO from GUC (Bruce)</para></listitem>
5126 <listitem><para>Fix memory leak in rtree (Kenneth Been)</para></listitem>
5127 <listitem><para>Modify a few error messages for consistency (Bruce)</para></listitem>
5128 <listitem><para>Remove unused system table columns (Peter)</para></listitem>
5129 <listitem><para>Make system columns NOT NULL where appropriate (Tom)</para></listitem>
5130 <listitem><para>Clean up use of sprintf in favor of snprintf() (Neil, Jukka Holappa)</para></listitem>
5131 <listitem><para>Remove OPAQUE and create specific subtypes (Tom)</para></listitem>
5132 <listitem><para>Cleanups in array internal handling (Joe, Tom)</para></listitem>
5133 <listitem><para>Disallow pg_atoi('') (Bruce)</para></listitem>
5134 <listitem><para>Remove parameter wal_files because WAL files are now recycled (Bruce)</para></listitem>
5135 <listitem><para>Add version numbers to heap pages (Tom)</para></listitem>
5140 <title>Contrib</title>
5142 <listitem><para>Allow inet arrays in /contrib/array (Neil)</para></listitem>
5143 <listitem><para>GiST fixes (Teodor Sigaev, Neil)</para></listitem>
5144 <listitem><para>Upgrade /contrib/mysql</para></listitem>
5145 <listitem><para>Add /contrib/dbsize which shows table sizes without vacuum (Peter)</para></listitem>
5146 <listitem><para>Add /contrib/intagg, integer aggregator routines (mlw)</para></listitem>
5147 <listitem><para>Improve /contrib/oid2name (Neil, Bruce)</para></listitem>
5148 <listitem><para>Improve /contrib/tsearch (Oleg, Teodor Sigaev)</para></listitem>
5149 <listitem><para>Cleanups of /contrib/rserver (Alexey V. Borzov)</para></listitem>
5150 <listitem><para>Update /contrib/oracle conversion utility (Gilles Darold)</para></listitem>
5151 <listitem><para>Update /contrib/dblink (Joe)</para></listitem>
5152 <listitem><para>Improve options supported by /contrib/vacuumlo (Mario Weilguni)</para></listitem>
5153 <listitem><para>Improvements to /contrib/intarray (Oleg, Teodor Sigaev, Andrey Oktyabrski)</para></listitem>
5154 <listitem><para>Add /contrib/reindexdb utility (Shaun Thomas)</para></listitem>
5155 <listitem><para>Add indexing to /contrib/isbn_issn (Dan Weston)</para></listitem>
5156 <listitem><para>Add /contrib/dbmirror (Steven Singer)</para></listitem>
5157 <listitem><para>Improve /contrib/pgbench (Neil)</para></listitem>
5158 <listitem><para>Add /contrib/tablefunc table function examples (Joe)</para></listitem>
5159 <listitem><para>Add /contrib/ltree data type for tree structures (Teodor Sigaev, Oleg Bartunov)</para></listitem>
5160 <listitem><para>Move /contrib/pg_controldata, pg_resetxlog into main tree (Bruce)</para></listitem>
5161 <listitem><para>Fixes to /contrib/cube (Bruno Wolff)</para></listitem>
5162 <listitem><para>Improve /contrib/fulltextindex (Christopher)</para></listitem>
5170 <sect1 id="release-7-2-5">
5171 <title>Release 7.2.5</title>
5174 <title>Release date</title>
5175 <simpara>2004-08-16</simpara>
5179 This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.2.4.
5184 <title>Migration to version 7.2.5</title>
5187 A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.2.X.
5192 <title>Changes</title>
5195 <listitem><para>Prevent possible loss of committed transactions during crash</para>
5197 Due to insufficient interlocking between transaction commit and checkpointing,
5198 it was possible for transactions committed just before the most recent
5199 checkpoint to be lost, in whole or in part, following a database crash and
5200 restart. This is a serious bug that has existed
5201 since <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> 7.1.
5203 <listitem><para>Fix corner case for btree search in parallel with first root page split</para></listitem>
5204 <listitem><para>Repair memory leaks in pg_dump</para></listitem>
5205 <listitem><para>Avoid conflict with system definition of <function>isblank()</function> function or macro</para></listitem>
5206 <listitem><para>Fix buffer overrun in <function>to_ascii</function> (Guido Notari)</para></listitem>
5207 <listitem><para>Fix core dump in deadlock detection on machines where char is unsigned</para></listitem>
5208 <listitem><para>Fix failure to respond to <command>pg_ctl stop -m fast</command> after Async_NotifyHandler runs</para></listitem>
5213 <sect1 id="release-7-2-4">
5214 <title>Release 7.2.4</title>
5217 <title>Release date</title>
5218 <simpara>2003-01-30</simpara>
5222 This release contains a variety of fixes for version 7.2.3,
5223 including fixes to prevent possible data loss.
5227 <title>Migration to version 7.2.4</title>
5230 A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those
5231 running version 7.2.*.
5236 <title>Changes</title>
5239 <listitem><para>Fix some additional cases of VACUUM "No one parent tuple was found" error</para></listitem>
5240 <listitem><para>Prevent VACUUM from being called inside a function (Bruce)</para></listitem>
5241 <listitem><para>Ensure pg_clog updates are sync'd to disk before marking checkpoint complete</para></listitem>
5242 <listitem><para>Avoid integer overflow during large hash joins</para></listitem>
5243 <listitem><para>Make GROUP commands work when pg_group.grolist is large enough to be toasted</para></listitem>
5244 <listitem><para>Fix errors in datetime tables; some timezone names weren't being recognized</para></listitem>
5245 <listitem><para>Fix integer overflows in circle_poly(), path_encode(), path_add() (Neil)</para></listitem>
5246 <listitem><para>Repair long-standing logic errors in lseg_eq(), lseg_ne(), lseg_center()</para></listitem>
5252 <sect1 id="release-7-2-3">
5253 <title>Release 7.2.3</title>
5256 <title>Release date</title>
5257 <simpara>2002-10-01</simpara>
5261 This release contains a variety of fixes for version 7.2.2,
5262 including fixes to prevent possible data loss.
5266 <title>Migration to version 7.2.3</title>
5269 A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those
5270 running version 7.2.*.
5275 <title>Changes</title>
5278 <listitem><para>Prevent possible compressed transaction log loss (Tom)</para></listitem>
5279 <listitem><para>Prevent non-superuser from increasing most recent vacuum info (Tom)</para></listitem>
5280 <listitem><para>Handle pre-1970 date values in newer versions of glibc (Tom)</para></listitem>
5281 <listitem><para>Fix possible hang during server shutdown</para></listitem>
5282 <listitem><para>Prevent spinlock hangs on SMP PPC machines (Tomoyuki Niijima)</para></listitem>
5283 <listitem><para>Fix <application>pg_dump</> to properly dump FULL JOIN USING (Tom)</para></listitem>
5289 <sect1 id="release-7-2-2">
5290 <title>Release 7.2.2</title>
5293 <title>Release date</title>
5294 <simpara>2002-08-23</simpara>
5298 This release contains a variety of fixes for version 7.2.1.
5302 <title>Migration to version 7.2.2</title>
5305 A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those
5306 running version 7.2.*.
5311 <title>Changes</title>
5314 <listitem><para>Allow EXECUTE of "CREATE TABLE AS ... SELECT" in PL/pgSQL (Tom)</para></listitem>
5315 <listitem><para>Fix for compressed transaction log id wraparound (Tom)</para></listitem>
5316 <listitem><para>Fix PQescapeBytea/PQunescapeBytea so that they handle bytes > 0x7f (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
5317 <listitem><para>Fix for psql and <application>pg_dump</> crashing when invoked with non-existent long options (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
5318 <listitem><para>Fix crash when invoking geometric operators (Tom)</para></listitem>
5319 <listitem><para>Allow OPEN cursor(args) (Tom)</para></listitem>
5320 <listitem><para>Fix for rtree_gist index build (Teodor)</para></listitem>
5321 <listitem><para>Fix for dumping user-defined aggregates (Tom)</para></listitem>
5322 <listitem><para>contrib/intarray fixes (Oleg)</para></listitem>
5323 <listitem><para>Fix for complex UNION/EXCEPT/INTERSECT queries using parens (Tom)</para></listitem>
5324 <listitem><para>Fix to pg_convert (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
5325 <listitem><para>Fix for crash with long DATA strings (Thomas, Neil)</para></listitem>
5326 <listitem><para>Fix for repeat(), lpad(), rpad() and long strings (Neil)</para></listitem>
5332 <sect1 id="release-7-2-1">
5333 <title>Release 7.2.1</title>
5336 <title>Release date</title>
5337 <simpara>2002-03-21</simpara>
5341 This release contains a variety of fixes for version 7.2.
5345 <title>Migration to version 7.2.1</title>
5348 A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those
5349 running version 7.2.
5354 <title>Changes</title>
5357 <listitem><para>Ensure that sequence counters do not go backwards after a crash (Tom)</para></listitem>
5358 <listitem><para>Fix pgaccess kanji-conversion key binding (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
5359 <listitem><para>Optimizer improvements (Tom)</para></listitem>
5360 <listitem><para>Cash I/O improvements (Tom)</para></listitem>
5361 <listitem><para>New Russian FAQ</para></listitem>
5362 <listitem><para>Compile fix for missing AuthBlockSig (Heiko)</para></listitem>
5363 <listitem><para>Additional time zones and time zone fixes (Thomas)</para></listitem>
5364 <listitem><para>Allow psql \connect to handle mixed case database and user names (Tom)</para></listitem>
5365 <listitem><para>Return proper OID on command completion even with ON INSERT rules (Tom)</para></listitem>
5366 <listitem><para>Allow COPY FROM to use 8-bit DELIMITERS (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
5367 <listitem><para>Fix bug in extract/date_part for milliseconds/microseconds (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
5368 <listitem><para>Improve handling of multiple UNIONs with different lengths (Tom)</para></listitem>
5369 <listitem><para>contrib/btree_gist improvements (Teodor Sigaev)</para></listitem>
5370 <listitem><para>contrib/tsearch dictionary improvements, see README.tsearch for an additional installation step (Thomas T. Thai, Teodor Sigaev)</para></listitem>
5371 <listitem><para>Fix for array subscripts handling (Tom)</para></listitem>
5372 <listitem><para>Allow EXECUTE of "CREATE TABLE AS ... SELECT" in PL/pgSQL (Tom)</para></listitem>
5378 <sect1 id="release-7-2">
5379 <title>Release 7.2</title>
5382 <title>Release date</title>
5383 <simpara>2002-02-04</simpara>
5387 <title>Overview</title>
5390 This release improves <productname>PostgreSQL</> for use in
5391 high-volume applications.
5395 Major changes in this release:
5402 Vacuuming no longer locks tables, thus allowing normal user
5403 access during the vacuum. A new <command>VACUUM FULL</>
5404 command does old-style vacuum by locking the table and
5405 shrinking the on-disk copy of the table.
5411 <term>Transactions</term>
5414 There is no longer a problem with installations that exceed
5415 four billion transactions.
5424 OIDs are now optional. Users can now create tables without
5425 OIDs for cases where OID usage is excessive.
5431 <term>Optimizer</term>
5434 The system now computes histogram column statistics during
5435 <command>ANALYZE</>, allowing much better optimizer choices.
5441 <term>Security</term>
5444 A new MD5 encryption option allows more secure storage and
5445 transfer of passwords. A new Unix-domain socket
5446 authentication option is available on Linux and BSD systems.
5452 <term>Statistics</term>
5455 Administrators can use the new table access statistics module
5456 to get fine-grained information about table and index usage.
5462 <term>Internationalization</term>
5465 Program and library messages can now be displayed in several
5475 <title>Migration to version 7.2</title>
5478 A dump/restore using <command>pg_dump</command> is required for
5479 those wishing to migrate data from any previous release.
5483 Observe the following incompatibilities:
5488 The semantics of the <command>VACUUM</command> command have
5489 changed in this release. You may wish to update your
5490 maintenance procedures accordingly.
5496 In this release, comparisons using <literal>= NULL</literal>
5497 will always return false (or NULL, more precisely). Previous
5498 releases automatically transformed this syntax to <literal>IS
5499 NULL</literal>. The old behavior can be re-enabled using a
5500 <filename>postgresql.conf</filename> parameter.
5506 The <filename>pg_hba.conf</> and <filename>pg_ident.conf</>
5507 configuration is now only reloaded after receiving a
5508 <systemitem>SIGHUP</> signal, not with each connection.
5514 The function <filename>octet_length()</> now returns the uncompressed data length.
5520 The date/time value <literal>'current'</literal> is no longer
5521 available. You will need to rewrite your applications.
5527 The <literal>timestamp()</literal>, <literal>time()</literal>,
5528 and <literal>interval()</literal> functions are no longer
5529 available. Instead of <literal>timestamp()</literal>, use
5530 <literal>timestamp 'string'</literal> or <literal>CAST</literal>.
5537 The <literal>SELECT ... LIMIT #,#</literal> syntax will be removed
5538 in the next release. You should change your queries to use
5539 separate LIMIT and OFFSET clauses, e.g. <literal>LIMIT 10 OFFSET
5545 <title>Changes</title>
5548 <title>Server Operation</title>
5550 <listitem><para>Create temporary files in a separate directory (Bruce)</para></listitem>
5551 <listitem><para>Delete orphaned temporary files on postmaster startup (Bruce)</para></listitem>
5552 <listitem><para>Added unique indexes to some system tables (Tom)</para></listitem>
5553 <listitem><para>System table operator reorganization (Oleg Bartunov, Teodor Sigaev, Tom)</para></listitem>
5554 <listitem><para>Renamed pg_log to pg_clog (Tom)</para></listitem>
5555 <listitem><para>Enable SIGTERM, SIGQUIT to kill backends (Jan)</para></listitem>
5556 <listitem><para>Removed compile-time limit on number of backends (Tom)</para></listitem>
5557 <listitem><para>Better cleanup for semaphore resource failure (Tatsuo, Tom)</para></listitem>
5558 <listitem><para>Allow safe transaction ID wraparound (Tom)</para></listitem>
5559 <listitem><para>Removed OIDs from some system tables (Tom)</para></listitem>
5560 <listitem><para>Removed "triggered data change violation" error check (Tom)</para></listitem>
5561 <listitem><para>SPI portal creation of prepared/saved plans (Jan)</para></listitem>
5562 <listitem><para>Allow SPI column functions to work for system columns (Tom)</para></listitem>
5563 <listitem><para>Long value compression improvement (Tom)</para></listitem>
5564 <listitem><para>Statistics collector for table, index access (Jan)</para></listitem>
5565 <listitem><para>Truncate extra-long sequence names to a reasonable value (Tom)</para></listitem>
5566 <listitem><para>Measure transaction times in milliseconds (Thomas)</para></listitem>
5567 <listitem><para>Fix TID sequential scans (Hiroshi)</para></listitem>
5568 <listitem><para>Superuser ID now fixed at 1 (Peter E)</para></listitem>
5569 <listitem><para>New pg_ctl "reload" option (Tom)</para></listitem>
5574 <title>Performance</title>
5576 <listitem><para>Optimizer improvements (Tom)</para></listitem>
5577 <listitem><para>New histogram column statistics for optimizer (Tom)</para></listitem>
5578 <listitem><para>Reuse write-ahead log files rather than discarding them (Tom)</para></listitem>
5579 <listitem><para>Cache improvements (Tom)</para></listitem>
5580 <listitem><para>IS NULL, IS NOT NULL optimizer improvement (Tom)</para></listitem>
5581 <listitem><para>Improve lock manager to reduce lock contention (Tom)</para></listitem>
5582 <listitem><para>Keep relcache entries for index access support functions (Tom)</para></listitem>
5583 <listitem><para>Allow better selectivity with NaN and infinities in NUMERIC (Tom)</para></listitem>
5584 <listitem><para>R-tree performance improvements (Kenneth Been)</para></listitem>
5585 <listitem><para>B-tree splits more efficient (Tom)</para></listitem>
5590 <title>Privileges</title>
5592 <listitem><para>Change UPDATE, DELETE privileges to be distinct (Peter E)</para></listitem>
5593 <listitem><para>New REFERENCES, TRIGGER privileges (Peter E)</para></listitem>
5594 <listitem><para>Allow GRANT/REVOKE to/from more than one user at a time (Peter E)</para></listitem>
5595 <listitem><para>New has_table_privilege() function (Joe Conway)</para></listitem>
5596 <listitem><para>Allow non-superuser to vacuum database (Tom)</para></listitem>
5597 <listitem><para>New SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION command (Peter E)</para></listitem>
5598 <listitem><para>Fix bug in privilege modifications on newly created tables (Tom)</para></listitem>
5599 <listitem><para>Disallow access to pg_statistic for non-superuser, add user-accessible views (Tom)</para></listitem>
5604 <title>Client Authentication</title>
5606 <listitem><para>Fork postmaster before doing authentication to prevent hangs (Peter E)</para></listitem>
5607 <listitem><para>Add ident authentication over Unix domain sockets on Linux, *BSD (Helge Bahmann, Oliver Elphick, Teodor Sigaev, Bruce)</para></listitem>
5608 <listitem><para>Add a password authentication method that uses MD5 encryption (Bruce)</para></listitem>
5609 <listitem><para>Allow encryption of stored passwords using MD5 (Bruce)</para></listitem>
5610 <listitem><para>PAM authentication (Dominic J. Eidson)</para></listitem>
5611 <listitem><para>Load pg_hba.conf and pg_ident.conf only on startup and SIGHUP (Bruce)</para></listitem>
5616 <title>Server Configuration</title>
5618 <listitem><para>Interpretation of some time zone abbreviations as Australian rather than North American now settable at run time (Bruce)</para></listitem>
5619 <listitem><para>New parameter to set default transaction isolation level (Peter E)</para></listitem>
5620 <listitem><para>New parameter to enable conversion of "expr = NULL" into "expr IS NULL", off by default (Peter E)</para></listitem>
5621 <listitem><para>New parameter to control memory usage by VACUUM (Tom)</para></listitem>
5622 <listitem><para>New parameter to set client authentication timeout (Tom)</para></listitem>
5623 <listitem><para>New parameter to set maximum number of open files (Tom)</para></listitem>
5628 <title>Queries</title>
5630 <listitem><para>Statements added by INSERT rules now execute after the INSERT (Jan)</para></listitem>
5631 <listitem><para>Prevent unadorned relation names in target list (Bruce)</para></listitem>
5632 <listitem><para>NULLs now sort after all normal values in ORDER BY (Tom)</para></listitem>
5633 <listitem><para>New IS UNKNOWN, IS NOT UNKNOWN Boolean tests (Tom)</para></listitem>
5634 <listitem><para>New SHARE UPDATE EXCLUSIVE lock mode (Tom)</para></listitem>
5635 <listitem><para>New EXPLAIN ANALYZE command that shows run times and row counts (Martijn van Oosterhout)</para></listitem>
5636 <listitem><para>Fix problem with LIMIT and subqueries (Tom)</para></listitem>
5637 <listitem><para>Fix for LIMIT, DISTINCT ON pushed into subqueries (Tom)</para></listitem>
5638 <listitem><para>Fix nested EXCEPT/INTERSECT (Tom)</para></listitem>
5643 <title>Schema Manipulation</title>
5645 <listitem><para>Fix SERIAL in temporary tables (Bruce)</para></listitem>
5646 <listitem><para>Allow temporary sequences (Bruce)</para></listitem>
5647 <listitem><para>Sequences now use int8 internally (Tom)</para></listitem>
5648 <listitem><para>New SERIAL8 creates int8 columns with sequences, default still SERIAL4 (Tom)</para></listitem>
5649 <listitem><para>Make OIDs optional using WITHOUT OIDS (Tom)</para></listitem>
5650 <listitem><para>Add %TYPE syntax to CREATE TYPE (Ian Lance Taylor)</para></listitem>
5651 <listitem><para>Add ALTER TABLE / DROP CONSTRAINT for CHECK constraints (Christopher Kings-Lynne)</para></listitem>
5652 <listitem><para>New CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION to alter existing function (preserving the function OID) (Gavin Sherry)</para></listitem>
5653 <listitem><para>Add ALTER TABLE / ADD [ UNIQUE | PRIMARY ] (Christopher Kings-Lynne)</para></listitem>
5654 <listitem><para>Allow column renaming in views</para></listitem>
5655 <listitem><para>Make ALTER TABLE / RENAME COLUMN update column names of indexes (Brent Verner)</para></listitem>
5656 <listitem><para>Fix for ALTER TABLE / ADD CONSTRAINT ... CHECK with inherited tables (Stephan Szabo)</para></listitem>
5657 <listitem><para>ALTER TABLE RENAME update foreign-key trigger arguments correctly (Brent Verner)</para></listitem>
5658 <listitem><para>DROP AGGREGATE and COMMENT ON AGGREGATE now accept an aggtype (Tom)</para></listitem>
5659 <listitem><para>Add automatic return type data casting for SQL functions (Tom)</para></listitem>
5660 <listitem><para>Allow GiST indexes to handle NULLs and multikey indexes (Oleg Bartunov, Teodor Sigaev, Tom)</para></listitem>
5661 <listitem><para>Enable partial indexes (Martijn van Oosterhout)</para></listitem>
5666 <title>Utility Commands</title>
5668 <listitem><para>Add RESET ALL, SHOW ALL (Marko Kreen)</para></listitem>
5669 <listitem><para>CREATE/ALTER USER/GROUP now allow options in any order (Vince)</para></listitem>
5670 <listitem><para>Add LOCK A, B, C functionality (Neil Padgett)</para></listitem>
5671 <listitem><para>New ENCRYPTED/UNENCRYPTED option to CREATE/ALTER USER (Bruce)</para></listitem>
5672 <listitem><para>New light-weight VACUUM does not lock table; old semantics are available as VACUUM FULL (Tom)</para></listitem>
5673 <listitem><para>Disable COPY TO/FROM on views (Bruce)</para></listitem>
5674 <listitem><para>COPY DELIMITERS string must be exactly one character (Tom)</para></listitem>
5675 <listitem><para>VACUUM warning about index tuples fewer than heap now only appears when appropriate (Martijn van Oosterhout)</para></listitem>
5676 <listitem><para>Fix privilege checks for CREATE INDEX (Tom)</para></listitem>
5677 <listitem><para>Disallow inappropriate use of CREATE/DROP INDEX/TRIGGER/VIEW (Tom)</para></listitem>
5682 <title>Data Types and Functions</title>
5684 <listitem><para>SUM(), AVG(), COUNT() now uses int8 internally for speed (Tom)</para></listitem>
5685 <listitem><para>Add convert(), convert2() (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
5686 <listitem><para>New function bit_length() (Peter E)</para></listitem>
5687 <listitem><para>Make the "n" in CHAR(n)/VARCHAR(n) represents letters, not bytes (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
5688 <listitem><para>CHAR(), VARCHAR() now reject strings that are too long (Peter E)</para></listitem>
5689 <listitem><para>BIT VARYING now rejects bit strings that are too long (Peter E)</para></listitem>
5690 <listitem><para>BIT now rejects bit strings that do not match declared size (Peter E)</para></listitem>
5691 <listitem><para>INET, CIDR text conversion functions (Alex Pilosov)</para></listitem>
5692 <listitem><para>INET, CIDR operators << and <<= indexable (Alex Pilosov)</para></listitem>
5693 <listitem><para>Bytea \### now requires valid three digit octal number</para></listitem>
5694 <listitem><para>Bytea comparison improvements, now supports =, <>, >, >=, <, and <=</para></listitem>
5695 <listitem><para>Bytea now supports B-tree indexes</para></listitem>
5696 <listitem><para>Bytea now supports LIKE, LIKE...ESCAPE, NOT LIKE, NOT LIKE...ESCAPE</para></listitem>
5697 <listitem><para>Bytea now supports concatenation</para></listitem>
5698 <listitem><para>New bytea functions: position, substring, trim, btrim, and length</para></listitem>
5699 <listitem><para>New encode() function mode, "escaped", converts minimally escaped bytea to/from text</para></listitem>
5700 <listitem><para>Add pg_database_encoding_max_length() (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
5701 <listitem><para>Add pg_client_encoding() function (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
5702 <listitem><para>now() returns time with millisecond precision (Thomas)</para></listitem>
5703 <listitem><para>New TIMESTAMP WITHOUT TIMEZONE data type (Thomas)</para></listitem>
5704 <listitem><para>Add ISO date/time specification with "T", yyyy-mm-ddThh:mm:ss (Thomas)</para></listitem>
5705 <listitem><para>New xid/int comparison functions (Hiroshi)</para></listitem>
5706 <listitem><para>Add precision to TIME, TIMESTAMP, and INTERVAL data types (Thomas)</para></listitem>
5707 <listitem><para>Modify type coercion logic to attempt binary-compatible functions first (Tom)</para></listitem>
5708 <listitem><para>New encode() function installed by default (Marko Kreen)</para></listitem>
5709 <listitem><para>Improved to_*() conversion functions (Karel Zak)</para></listitem>
5710 <listitem><para>Optimize LIKE/ILIKE when using single-byte encodings (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
5711 <listitem><para>New functions in contrib/pgcrypto: crypt(), hmac(), encrypt(), gen_salt() (Marko Kreen)</para></listitem>
5712 <listitem><para>Correct description of translate() function (Bruce)</para></listitem>
5713 <listitem><para>Add INTERVAL argument for SET TIME ZONE (Thomas)</para></listitem>
5714 <listitem><para>Add INTERVAL YEAR TO MONTH (etc.) syntax (Thomas)</para></listitem>
5715 <listitem><para>Optimize length functions when using single-byte encodings (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
5716 <listitem><para>Fix path_inter, path_distance, path_length, dist_ppath to handle closed paths (Curtis Barrett, Tom)</para></listitem>
5717 <listitem><para>octet_length(text) now returns non-compressed length (Tatsuo, Bruce)</para></listitem>
5718 <listitem><para>Handle "July" full name in date/time literals (Greg Sabino Mullane)</para></listitem>
5719 <listitem><para>Some datatype() function calls now evaluated differently</para></listitem>
5720 <listitem><para>Add support for Julian and ISO time specifications (Thomas)</para></listitem>
5725 <title>Internationalization</title>
5727 <listitem><para>National language support in psql, <application>pg_dump</>, libpq, and server (Peter E)</para></listitem>
5728 <listitem><para>Message translations in Chinese (simplified, traditional), Czech, French, German, Hungarian, Russian, Swedish (Peter E, Serguei A. Mokhov, Karel Zak, Weiping He, Zhenbang Wei, Kovacs Zoltan)</para></listitem>
5729 <listitem><para>Make trim, ltrim, rtrim, btrim, lpad, rpad, translate multibyte aware (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
5730 <listitem><para>Add LATIN5,6,7,8,9,10 support (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
5731 <listitem><para>Add ISO 8859-5,6,7,8 support (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
5732 <listitem><para>Correct LATIN5 to mean ISO-8859-9, not ISO-8859-5 (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
5733 <listitem><para>Make mic2ascii() non-ASCII aware (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
5734 <listitem><para>Reject invalid multibyte character sequences (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
5739 <title><application>PL/pgSQL</></title>
5741 <listitem><para>Now uses portals for SELECT loops, allowing huge result sets (Jan)</para></listitem>
5742 <listitem><para>CURSOR and REFCURSOR support (Jan)</para></listitem>
5743 <listitem><para>Can now return open cursors (Jan)</para></listitem>
5744 <listitem><para>Add ELSEIF (Klaus Reger)</para></listitem>
5745 <listitem><para>Improve PL/pgSQL error reporting, including location of error (Tom)</para></listitem>
5746 <listitem><para>Allow IS or FOR key words in cursor declaration, for compatibility (Bruce)</para></listitem>
5747 <listitem><para>Fix for SELECT ... FOR UPDATE (Tom)</para></listitem>
5748 <listitem><para>Fix for PERFORM returning multiple rows (Tom)</para></listitem>
5749 <listitem><para>Make PL/pgSQL use the server's type coercion code (Tom)</para></listitem>
5750 <listitem><para>Memory leak fix (Jan, Tom)</para></listitem>
5751 <listitem><para>Make trailing semicolon optional (Tom)</para></listitem>
5756 <title>PL/Perl</title>
5758 <listitem><para>New untrusted PL/Perl (Alex Pilosov)</para></listitem>
5759 <listitem><para>PL/Perl is now built on some platforms even if libperl is not shared (Peter E)</para></listitem>
5764 <title>PL/Tcl</title>
5766 <listitem><para>Now reports errorInfo (Vsevolod Lobko)</para></listitem>
5767 <listitem><para>Add spi_lastoid function (bob@redivi.com)</para></listitem>
5772 <title>PL/Python</title>
5774 <listitem><para>...is new (Andrew Bosma)</para></listitem>
5779 <title><application>psql</></title>
5781 <listitem><para>\d displays indexes in unique, primary groupings (Christopher Kings-Lynne)</para></listitem>
5782 <listitem><para>Allow trailing semicolons in backslash commands (Greg Sabino Mullane)</para></listitem>
5783 <listitem><para>Read password from /dev/tty if possible</para></listitem>
5784 <listitem><para>Force new password prompt when changing user and database (Tatsuo, Tom)</para></listitem>
5785 <listitem><para>Format the correct number of columns for Unicode (Patrice)</para></listitem>
5790 <title><application>libpq</></title>
5792 <listitem><para>New function PQescapeString() to escape quotes in command strings (Florian Weimer)</para></listitem>
5793 <listitem><para>New function PQescapeBytea() escapes binary strings for use as SQL string literals</para></listitem>
5800 <listitem><para>Return OID of INSERT (Ken K)</para></listitem>
5801 <listitem><para>Handle more data types (Ken K)</para></listitem>
5802 <listitem><para>Handle single quotes and newlines in strings (Ken K)</para></listitem>
5803 <listitem><para>Handle NULL variables (Ken K)</para></listitem>
5804 <listitem><para>Fix for time zone handling (Barry Lind)</para></listitem>
5805 <listitem><para>Improved Druid support</para></listitem>
5806 <listitem><para>Allow eight-bit characters with non-multibyte server (Barry Lind)</para></listitem>
5807 <listitem><para>Support BIT, BINARY types (Ned Wolpert)</para></listitem>
5808 <listitem><para>Reduce memory usage (Michael Stephens, Dave Cramer)</para></listitem>
5809 <listitem><para>Update DatabaseMetaData (Peter E)</para></listitem>
5810 <listitem><para>Add DatabaseMetaData.getCatalogs() (Peter E)</para></listitem>
5811 <listitem><para>Encoding fixes (Anders Bengtsson)</para></listitem>
5812 <listitem><para>Get/setCatalog methods (Jason Davies)</para></listitem>
5813 <listitem><para>DatabaseMetaData.getColumns() now returns column defaults (Jason Davies)</para></listitem>
5814 <listitem><para>DatabaseMetaData.getColumns() performance improvement (Jeroen van Vianen)</para></listitem>
5815 <listitem><para>Some JDBC1 and JDBC2 merging (Anders Bengtsson)</para></listitem>
5816 <listitem><para>Transaction performance improvements (Barry Lind)</para></listitem>
5817 <listitem><para>Array fixes (Greg Zoller)</para></listitem>
5818 <listitem><para>Serialize addition </para></listitem>
5819 <listitem><para>Fix batch processing (Rene Pijlman)</para></listitem>
5820 <listitem><para>ExecSQL method reorganization (Anders Bengtsson)</para></listitem>
5821 <listitem><para>GetColumn() fixes (Jeroen van Vianen)</para></listitem>
5822 <listitem><para>Fix isWriteable() function (Rene Pijlman)</para></listitem>
5823 <listitem><para>Improved passage of JDBC2 conformance tests (Rene Pijlman)</para></listitem>
5824 <listitem><para>Add bytea type capability (Barry Lind)</para></listitem>
5825 <listitem><para>Add isNullable() (Rene Pijlman)</para></listitem>
5826 <listitem><para>JDBC date/time test suite fixes (Liam Stewart)</para></listitem>
5827 <listitem><para>Fix for SELECT 'id' AS xxx FROM table (Dave Cramer)</para></listitem>
5828 <listitem><para>Fix DatabaseMetaData to show precision properly (Mark Lillywhite)</para></listitem>
5829 <listitem><para>New getImported/getExported keys (Jason Davies)</para></listitem>
5830 <listitem><para>MD5 password encryption support (Jeremy Wohl)</para></listitem>
5831 <listitem><para>Fix to actually use type cache (Ned Wolpert)</para></listitem>
5838 <listitem><para>Remove query size limit (Hiroshi)</para></listitem>
5839 <listitem><para>Remove text field size limit (Hiroshi)</para></listitem>
5840 <listitem><para>Fix for SQLPrimaryKeys in multibyte mode (Hiroshi)</para></listitem>
5841 <listitem><para>Allow ODBC procedure calls (Hiroshi)</para></listitem>
5842 <listitem><para>Improve boolean handing (Aidan Mountford)</para></listitem>
5843 <listitem><para>Most configuration options now settable via DSN (Hiroshi)</para></listitem>
5844 <listitem><para>Multibyte, performance fixes (Hiroshi)</para></listitem>
5845 <listitem><para>Allow driver to be used with iODBC or unixODBC (Peter E)</para></listitem>
5846 <listitem><para>MD5 password encryption support (Bruce)</para></listitem>
5847 <listitem><para>Add more compatibility functions to odbc.sql (Peter E)</para></listitem>
5852 <title><application>ECPG</></title>
5854 <listitem><para>EXECUTE ... INTO implemented (Christof Petig)</para></listitem>
5855 <listitem><para>Multiple row descriptor support (e.g. CARDINALITY) (Christof Petig)</para></listitem>
5856 <listitem><para>Fix for GRANT parameters (Lee Kindness)</para></listitem>
5857 <listitem><para>Fix INITIALLY DEFERRED bug</para></listitem>
5858 <listitem><para>Various bug fixes (Michael, Christof Petig)</para></listitem>
5859 <listitem><para>Auto allocation for indicator variable arrays (int *ind_p=NULL)</para></listitem>
5860 <listitem><para>Auto allocation for string arrays (char **foo_pp=NULL)</para></listitem>
5861 <listitem><para>ECPGfree_auto_mem fixed</para></listitem>
5862 <listitem><para>All function names with external linkage are now prefixed by ECPG</para></listitem>
5863 <listitem><para>Fixes for arrays of structures (Michael)</para></listitem>
5868 <title>Misc. Interfaces</title>
5870 <listitem><para>Python fix fetchone() (Gerhard Haring)</para></listitem>
5871 <listitem><para>Use UTF, Unicode in Tcl where appropriate (Vsevolod Lobko, Reinhard Max)</para></listitem>
5872 <listitem><para>Add Tcl COPY TO/FROM (ljb)</para></listitem>
5873 <listitem><para>Prevent output of default index op class in <application>pg_dump</> (Tom)</para></listitem>
5874 <listitem><para>Fix libpgeasy memory leak (Bruce)</para></listitem>
5879 <title>Build and Install</title>
5881 <listitem><para>Configure, dynamic loader, and shared library fixes (Peter E)</para></listitem>
5882 <listitem><para>Fixes in QNX 4 port (Bernd Tegge)</para></listitem>
5883 <listitem><para>Fixes in Cygwin and Windows ports (Jason Tishler, Gerhard Haring, Dmitry Yurtaev, Darko Prenosil, Mikhail Terekhov)</para></listitem>
5884 <listitem><para>Fix for Windows socket communication failures (Magnus, Mikhail Terekhov)</para></listitem>
5885 <listitem><para>Hurd compile fix (Oliver Elphick)</para></listitem>
5886 <listitem><para>BeOS fixes (Cyril Velter)</para></listitem>
5887 <listitem><para>Remove configure --enable-unicode-conversion, now enabled by multibyte (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
5888 <listitem><para>AIX fixes (Tatsuo, Andreas)</para></listitem>
5889 <listitem><para>Fix parallel make (Peter E)</para></listitem>
5890 <listitem><para>Install SQL language manual pages into OS-specific directories (Peter E)</para></listitem>
5891 <listitem><para>Rename config.h to pg_config.h (Peter E)</para></listitem>
5892 <listitem><para>Reorganize installation layout of header files (Peter E)</para></listitem>
5897 <title>Source Code</title>
5899 <listitem><para>Remove SEP_CHAR (Bruce)</para></listitem>
5900 <listitem><para>New GUC hooks (Tom)</para></listitem>
5901 <listitem><para>Merge GUC and command line handling (Marko Kreen)</para></listitem>
5902 <listitem><para>Remove EXTEND INDEX (Martijn van Oosterhout, Tom)</para></listitem>
5903 <listitem><para>New pgjindent utility to indent java code (Bruce)</para></listitem>
5904 <listitem><para>Remove define of true/false when compiling under C++ (Leandro Fanzone, Tom)</para></listitem>
5905 <listitem><para>pgindent fixes (Bruce, Tom)</para></listitem>
5906 <listitem><para>Replace strcasecmp() with strcmp() where appropriate (Peter E)</para></listitem>
5907 <listitem><para>Dynahash portability improvements (Tom)</para></listitem>
5908 <listitem><para>Add 'volatile' usage in spinlock structures</para></listitem>
5909 <listitem><para>Improve signal handling logic (Tom)</para></listitem>
5914 <title>Contrib</title>
5916 <listitem><para>New contrib/rtree_gist (Oleg Bartunov, Teodor Sigaev)</para></listitem>
5917 <listitem><para>New contrib/tsearch full-text indexing (Oleg, Teodor Sigaev)</para></listitem>
5918 <listitem><para>Add contrib/dblink for remote database access (Joe Conway)</para></listitem>
5919 <listitem><para>contrib/ora2pg Oracle conversion utility (Gilles Darold)</para></listitem>
5920 <listitem><para>contrib/xml XML conversion utility (John Gray)</para></listitem>
5921 <listitem><para>contrib/fulltextindex fixes (Christopher Kings-Lynne)</para></listitem>
5922 <listitem><para>New contrib/fuzzystrmatch with levenshtein and metaphone, soundex merged (Joe Conway)</para></listitem>
5923 <listitem><para>Add contrib/intarray boolean queries, binary search, fixes (Oleg Bartunov)</para></listitem>
5924 <listitem><para>New pg_upgrade utility (Bruce)</para></listitem>
5925 <listitem><para>Add new pg_resetxlog options (Bruce, Tom)</para></listitem>
5932 <sect1 id="release-7-1-3">
5933 <title>Release 7.1.3</title>
5936 <title>Release date</title>
5937 <simpara>2001-08-15</simpara>
5941 <title>Migration to version 7.1.3</title>
5944 A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those running
5950 <title>Changes</title>
5954 Remove unused WAL segements of large transactions (Tom)
5955 Multiaction rule fix (Tom)
5956 PL/pgSQL memory allocation fix (Jan)
5957 VACUUM buffer fix (Tom)
5958 Regression test fixes (Tom)
5959 pg_dump fixes for GRANT/REVOKE/comments on views, user-defined types (Tom)
5960 Fix subselects with DISTINCT ON or LIMIT (Tom)
5962 Disable COPY TO/FROM a view (Tom)
5963 Cygwin build (Jason Tishler)
5970 <sect1 id="release-7-1-2">
5971 <title>Release 7.1.2</title>
5974 <title>Release date</title>
5975 <simpara>2001-05-11</simpara>
5979 This has one fix from 7.1.1.
5984 <title>Migration to version 7.1.2</title>
5987 A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those running
5993 <title>Changes</title>
5997 Fix PL/pgSQL SELECTs when returning no rows
5998 Fix for psql backslash core dump
5999 Referential integrity privilege fix
6008 <sect1 id="release-7-1-1">
6009 <title>Release 7.1.1</title>
6012 <title>Release date</title>
6013 <simpara>2001-05-05</simpara>
6017 This has a variety of fixes from 7.1.
6022 <title>Migration to version 7.1.1</title>
6025 A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those running
6031 <title>Changes</title>
6035 Fix for numeric MODULO operator (Tom)
6036 pg_dump fixes (Philip)
6037 pg_dump can dump 7.0 databases (Philip)
6038 readline 4.2 fixes (Peter E)
6040 AIX, MSWIN, VAX, N32K fixes (Tom)
6041 Multibytes fixes (Tom)
6042 Unicode fixes (Tatsuo)
6043 Optimizer improvements (Tom)
6044 Fix for whole rows in functions (Tom)
6045 Fix for pg_ctl and option strings with spaces (Peter E)
6046 ODBC fixes (Hiroshi)
6047 EXTRACT can now take string argument (Thomas)
6048 Python fixes (Darcy)
6055 <sect1 id="release-7-1">
6056 <title>Release 7.1</title>
6059 <title>Release date</title>
6060 <simpara>2001-04-13</simpara>
6064 This release focuses on removing limitations that have existed in the
6065 <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> code for many years.
6069 Major changes in this release:
6074 Write-ahead Log (WAL)
6078 To maintain database consistency in case of an operating system crash,
6079 previous releases of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> have forced
6080 all data modifications to disk before each transaction commit. With
6081 WAL, only one log file must be flushed to disk, greatly improving
6082 performance. If you have been using -F in previous releases to
6083 disable disk flushes, you may want to consider discontinuing its use.
6094 TOAST - Previous releases had a compiled-in row length limit,
6095 typically 8k - 32k. This limit made storage of long text fields
6096 difficult. With TOAST, long rows of any length can be stored with good
6108 We now support outer joins. The UNION/NOT IN
6109 workaround for outer joins is no longer required. We use the SQL92
6121 The previous C function manager did not
6122 handle null values properly, nor did it support 64-bit <acronym>CPU</acronym>'s (Alpha). The new
6123 function manager does. You can continue using your old custom
6124 functions, but you may want to rewrite them in the future to use the new
6125 function manager call interface.
6136 A large number of complex queries that were
6137 unsupported in previous releases now work. Many combinations of views,
6138 aggregates, UNION, LIMIT, cursors, subqueries, and inherited tables
6139 now work properly. Inherited tables are now accessed by default.
6140 Subqueries in FROM are now supported.
6149 <title>Migration to version 7.1</title>
6152 A dump/restore using pg_dump is required for those wishing to migrate
6153 data from any previous release.
6158 <title>Changes</title>
6164 Many multibyte/Unicode/locale fixes (Tatsuo and others)
6165 More reliable ALTER TABLE RENAME (Tom)
6166 Kerberos V fixes (David Wragg)
6167 Fix for INSERT INTO...SELECT where targetlist has subqueries (Tom)
6168 Prompt username/password on standard error (Bruce)
6169 Large objects inv_read/inv_write fixes (Tom)
6170 Fixes for to_char(), to_date(), to_ascii(), and to_timestamp() (Karel,
6172 Prevent query expressions from leaking memory (Tom)
6173 Allow UPDATE of arrays elements (Tom)
6174 Wake up lock waiters during cancel (Hiroshi)
6175 Fix rare cursor crash when using hash join (Tom)
6176 Fix for DROP TABLE/INDEX in rolled-back transaction (Hiroshi)
6177 Fix psql crash from \l+ if MULTIBYTE enabled (Peter E)
6178 Fix truncation of rule names during CREATE VIEW (Ross Reedstrom)
6179 Fix PL/perl (Alex Kapranoff)
6180 Disallow LOCK on views (Mark Hollomon)
6181 Disallow INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE on views (Mark Hollomon)
6182 Disallow DROP RULE, CREATE INDEX, TRUNCATE on views (Mark Hollomon)
6183 Allow PL/pgSQL accept non-ASCII identifiers (Tatsuo)
6184 Allow views to proper handle GROUP BY, aggregates, DISTINCT (Tom)
6185 Fix rare failure with TRUNCATE command (Tom)
6186 Allow UNION/INTERSECT/EXCEPT to be used with ALL, subqueries, views,
6187 DISTINCT, ORDER BY, SELECT...INTO (Tom)
6188 Fix parser failures during aborted transactions (Tom)
6189 Allow temporary relations to properly clean up indexes (Bruce)
6190 Fix VACUUM problem with moving rows in same page (Tom)
6191 Modify pg_dump to better handle user-defined items in template1 (Philip)
6192 Allow LIMIT in VIEW (Tom)
6193 Require cursor FETCH to honor LIMIT (Tom)
6194 Allow PRIMARY/FOREIGN Key definitions on inherited columns (Stephan)
6195 Allow ORDER BY, LIMIT in subqueries (Tom)
6196 Allow UNION in CREATE RULE (Tom)
6197 Make ALTER/DROP TABLE rollback-able (Vadim, Tom)
6198 Store initdb collation in pg_control so collation cannot be changed (Tom)
6199 Fix INSERT...SELECT with rules (Tom)
6200 Fix FOR UPDATE inside views and subselects (Tom)
6201 Fix OVERLAPS operators conform to SQL92 spec regarding NULLs (Tom)
6202 Fix lpad() and rpad() to handle length less than input string (Tom)
6203 Fix use of NOTIFY in some rules (Tom)
6204 Overhaul btree code (Tom)
6205 Fix NOT NULL use in Pl/pgSQL variables (Tom)
6206 Overhaul GIST code (Oleg)
6207 Fix CLUSTER to preserve constraints and column default (Tom)
6208 Improved deadlock detection handling (Tom)
6209 Allow multiple SERIAL columns in a table (Tom)
6210 Prevent occasional index corruption (Vadim)
6214 Add OUTER JOINs (Tom)
6215 Function manager overhaul (Tom)
6216 Allow ALTER TABLE RENAME on indexes (Tom)
6217 Improve CLUSTER (Tom)
6218 Improve ps status display for more platforms (Peter E, Marc)
6219 Improve CREATE FUNCTION failure message (Ross)
6220 JDBC improvements (Peter, Travis Bauer, Christopher Cain, William Webber,
6222 Grand Unified Configuration scheme/GUC. Many options can now be set in
6223 data/postgresql.conf, postmaster/postgres flags, or SET commands (Peter E)
6224 Improved handling of file descriptor cache (Tom)
6225 New warning code about auto-created table alias entries (Bruce)
6226 Overhaul initdb process (Tom, Peter E)
6227 Overhaul of inherited tables; inherited tables now accessed by default;
6228 new ONLY key word prevents it (Chris Bitmead, Tom)
6229 ODBC cleanups/improvements (Nick Gorham, Stephan Szabo, Zoltan Kovacs,
6231 Allow renaming of temp tables (Tom)
6232 Overhaul memory manager contexts (Tom)
6233 pg_dumpall uses CREATE USER or CREATE GROUP rather using COPY (Peter E)
6234 Overhaul pg_dump (Philip Warner)
6235 Allow pg_hba.conf secondary password file to specify only username (Peter E)
6236 Allow TEMPORARY or TEMP key word when creating temporary tables (Bruce)
6237 New memory leak checker (Karel)
6238 New SET SESSION CHARACTERISTICS (Thomas)
6239 Allow nested block comments (Thomas)
6240 Add WITHOUT TIME ZONE type qualifier (Thomas)
6241 New ALTER TABLE ADD CONSTRAINT (Stephan)
6242 Use NUMERIC accumulators for INTEGER aggregates (Tom)
6243 Overhaul aggregate code (Tom)
6244 New VARIANCE and STDDEV() aggregates
6245 Improve dependency ordering of pg_dump (Philip)
6246 New pg_restore command (Philip)
6247 New pg_dump tar output option (Philip)
6248 New pg_dump of large objects (Philip)
6249 New ESCAPE option to LIKE (Thomas)
6250 New case-insensitive LIKE - ILIKE (Thomas)
6251 Allow functional indexes to use binary-compatible type (Tom)
6252 Allow SQL functions to be used in more contexts (Tom)
6253 New pg_config utility (Peter E)
6254 New PL/pgSQL EXECUTE command which allows dynamic SQL and utility statements
6256 New PL/pgSQL GET DIAGNOSTICS statement for SPI value access (Jan)
6257 New quote_identifiers() and quote_literal() functions (Jan)
6258 New ALTER TABLE table OWNER TO user command (Mark Hollomon)
6259 Allow subselects in FROM, i.e. FROM (SELECT ...) [AS] alias (Tom)
6260 Update PyGreSQL to version 3.1 (D'Arcy)
6261 Store tables as files named by OID (Vadim)
6262 New SQL function setval(seq,val,bool) for use in pg_dump (Philip)
6263 Require DROP VIEW to remove views, no DROP TABLE (Mark)
6264 Allow DROP VIEW view1, view2 (Mark)
6265 Allow multiple objects in DROP INDEX, DROP RULE, and DROP TYPE (Tom)
6266 Allow automatic conversion to/from Unicode (Tatsuo, Eiji)
6267 New /contrib/pgcrypto hashing functions (Marko Kreen)
6268 New pg_dumpall --globals-only option (Peter E)
6269 New CHECKPOINT command for WAL which creates new WAL log file (Vadim)
6270 New AT TIME ZONE syntax (Thomas)
6271 Allow location of Unix domain socket to be configurable (David J. MacKenzie)
6272 Allow postmaster to listen on a specific IP address (David J. MacKenzie)
6273 Allow socket path name to be specified in hostname by using leading slash
6274 (David J. MacKenzie)
6275 Allow CREATE DATABASE to specify template database (Tom)
6276 New utility to convert MySQL schema dumps to SQL92 and PostgreSQL (Thomas)
6277 New /contrib/rserv replication toolkit (Vadim)
6278 New file format for COPY BINARY (Tom)
6279 New /contrib/oid2name to map numeric files to table names (B Palmer)
6280 New "idle in transaction" ps status message (Marc)
6281 Update to pgaccess 0.98.7 (Constantin Teodorescu)
6282 pg_ctl now defaults to -w (wait) on shutdown, new -l (log) option
6283 Add rudimentary dependency checking to pg_dump (Philip)
6287 Fix INET/CIDR type ordering and add new functions (Tom)
6288 Make OID behave as an unsigned type (Tom)
6289 Allow BIGINT as synonym for INT8 (Peter E)
6290 New int2 and int8 comparison operators (Tom)
6291 New BIT and BIT VARYING types (Adriaan Joubert, Tom, Peter E)
6292 CHAR() no longer faster than VARCHAR() because of TOAST (Tom)
6293 New GIST seg/cube examples (Gene Selkov)
6294 Improved round(numeric) handling (Tom)
6295 Fix CIDR output formatting (Tom)
6296 New CIDR abbrev() function (Tom)
6300 Write-Ahead Log (WAL) to provide crash recovery with less performance
6302 ANALYZE stage of VACUUM no longer exclusively locks table (Bruce)
6303 Reduced file seeks (Denis Perchine)
6304 Improve BTREE code for duplicate keys (Tom)
6305 Store all large objects in a single table (Denis Perchine, Tom)
6306 Improve memory allocation performance (Karel, Tom)
6310 New function manager call conventions (Tom)
6311 SGI portability fixes (David Kaelbling)
6312 New configure --enable-syslog option (Peter E)
6313 New BSDI README (Bruce)
6314 configure script moved to top level, not /src (Peter E)
6315 Makefile/configuration/compilation overhaul (Peter E)
6316 New configure --with-python option (Peter E)
6317 Solaris cleanups (Peter E)
6318 Overhaul /contrib Makefiles (Karel)
6319 New OpenSSL configuration option (Magnus, Peter E)
6321 QNX fixes (Maurizio)
6322 New heap_open(), heap_openr() API (Tom)
6323 Remove colon and semi-colon operators (Thomas)
6324 New pg_class.relkind value for views (Mark Hollomon)
6325 Rename ichar() to chr() (Karel)
6326 New documentation for btrim(), ascii(), chr(), repeat() (Karel)
6327 Fixes for NT/Cygwin (Pete Forman)
6328 AIX port fixes (Andreas)
6329 New BeOS port (David Reid, Cyril Velter)
6330 Add proofreader's changes to docs (Addison-Wesley, Bruce)
6331 New Alpha spinlock code (Adriaan Joubert, Compaq)
6332 UnixWare port overhaul (Peter E)
6333 New Darwin/MacOS X port (Peter Bierman, Bruce Hartzler)
6334 New FreeBSD Alpha port (Alfred)
6335 Overhaul shared memory segments (Tom)
6336 Add IBM S/390 support (Neale Ferguson)
6337 Moved macmanuf to /contrib (Larry Rosenman)
6338 Syslog improvements (Larry Rosenman)
6339 New template0 database that contains no user additions (Tom)
6340 New /contrib/cube and /contrib/seg GIST sample code (Gene Selkov)
6341 Allow NetBSD's libedit instead of readline (Peter)
6342 Improved assembly language source code format (Bruce)
6343 New contrib/pg_logger
6344 New --template option to createdb
6345 New contrib/pg_control utility (Oliver)
6346 New FreeBSD tools ipc_check, start-scripts/freebsd
6353 <sect1 id="release-7-0-3">
6354 <title>Release 7.0.3</title>
6357 <title>Release date</title>
6358 <simpara>2000-11-11</simpara>
6362 This has a variety of fixes from 7.0.2.
6367 <title>Migration to version 7.0.3</title>
6370 A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those running
6376 <title>Changes</title>
6381 Large object fix (Tom)
6382 Fix lean in COPY WITH OIDS leak (Tom)
6383 Fix backwards-index-scan (Tom)
6384 Fix SELECT ... FOR UPDATE so it checks for duplicate keys (Hiroshi)
6385 Add --enable-syslog to configure (Marc)
6386 Fix abort transaction at backend exit in rare cases (Tom)
6387 Fix for psql \l+ when multibyte enabled (Tatsuo)
6388 Allow PL/pgSQL to accept non ascii identifiers (Tatsuo)
6389 Make vacuum always flush buffers (Tom)
6390 Fix to allow cancel while waiting for a lock (Hiroshi)
6391 Fix for memory aloocation problem in user authentication code (Tom)
6392 Remove bogus use of int4out() (Tom)
6393 Fixes for multiple subqueries in COALESCE or BETWEEN (Tom)
6394 Fix for failure of triggers on heap open in certain cases (Jeroen van
6396 Fix for erroneous selectivity of not-equals (Tom)
6397 Fix for erroneous use of strcmp() (Tom)
6398 Fix for bug where storage manager accesses items beyond end of file
6400 Fix to include kernel errno message in all smgr elog messages (Tom)
6401 Fix for '.' not in PATH at build time (SL Baur)
6402 Fix for out-of-file-descriptors error (Tom)
6403 Fix to make pg_dump dump 'iscachable' flag for functions (Tom)
6404 Fix for subselect in targetlist of Append node (Tom)
6405 Fix for mergejoin plans (Tom)
6406 Fix TRUNCATE failure on relations with indexes (Tom)
6407 Avoid database-wide restart on write error (Hiroshi)
6408 Fix nodeMaterial to honor chgParam by recomputing its output (Tom)
6409 Fix VACUUM problem with moving chain of update row versions when source
6410 and destination of a row version lie on the same page (Tom)
6411 Fix user.c CommandCounterIncrement (Tom)
6412 Fix for AM/PM boundary problem in to_char() (Karel Zak)
6413 Fix TIME aggregate handling (Tom)
6414 Fix to_char() to avoid coredump on NULL input (Tom)
6416 Fix for inserting/copying longer multibyte strings into char() data
6418 Fix for crash of backend, on abort (Tom)
6425 <sect1 id="release-7-0-2">
6426 <title>Release 7.0.2</title>
6429 <title>Release date</title>
6430 <simpara>2000-06-05</simpara>
6434 This is a repackaging of 7.0.1 with added documentation.
6439 <title>Migration to version 7.0.2</title>
6442 A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those running
6448 <title>Changes</title>
6452 Added documentation to tarball.
6459 <sect1 id="release-7-0-1">
6460 <title>Release 7.0.1</title>
6463 <title>Release date</title>
6464 <simpara>2000-06-01</simpara>
6468 This is a cleanup release for 7.0.
6472 <title>Migration to version 7.0.1</title>
6475 A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those running
6481 <title>Changes</title>
6485 Fix many CLUSTER failures (Tom)
6486 Allow ALTER TABLE RENAME works on indexes (Tom)
6487 Fix plpgsql to handle datetime->timestamp and timespan->interval (Bruce)
6488 New configure --with-setproctitle switch to use setproctitle() (Marc, Bruce)
6489 Fix the off by one errors in ResultSet from 6.5.3, and more.
6490 jdbc ResultSet fixes (Joseph Shraibman)
6491 optimizer tunings (Tom)
6492 Fix create user for pgaccess
6493 Fix for UNLISTEN failure
6494 IRIX fixes (David Kaelbling)
6495 QNX fixes (Andreas Kardos)
6496 Reduce COPY IN lock level (Tom)
6497 Change libpqeasy to use PQconnectdb() style parameters (Bruce)
6498 Fix pg_dump to handle OID indexes (Tom)
6499 Fix small memory leak (Tom)
6500 Solaris fix for createdb/dropdb (Tatsuo)
6501 Fix for non-blocking connections (Alfred Perlstein)
6502 Fix improper recovery after RENAME TABLE failures (Tom)
6503 Copy pg_ident.conf.sample into /lib directory in install (Bruce)
6504 Add SJIS UDC (NEC selection IBM kanji) support (Eiji Tokuya)
6505 Fix too long syslog message (Tatsuo)
6506 Fix problem with quoted indexes that are too long (Tom)
6507 JDBC ResultSet.getTimestamp() fix (Gregory Krasnow & Floyd Marinescu)
6508 ecpg changes (Michael)
6514 <sect1 id="release-7-0">
6515 <title>Release 7.0</title>
6518 <title>Release date</title>
6519 <simpara>2000-05-08</simpara>
6523 This release contains improvements in many areas, demonstrating
6524 the continued growth of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>.
6525 There are more improvements and fixes in 7.0 than in any previous
6526 release. The developers have confidence that this is the best
6527 release yet; we do our best to put out only solid releases, and
6528 this one is no exception.
6532 Major changes in this release:
6541 Foreign keys are now implemented, with the exception of PARTIAL MATCH
6542 foreign keys. Many users have been asking for this feature, and we are
6543 pleased to offer it.
6554 Continuing on work started a year ago, the optimizer has been
6555 improved, allowing better query plan selection and faster performance
6556 with less memory usage.
6563 Updated <application>psql</application>
6567 <application>psql</application>, our interactive terminal monitor, has been
6568 updated with a variety of new features. See the <application>psql</application> manual page for details.
6579 SQL92 join syntax is now supported, though only as
6580 <literal>INNER JOIN</> for this release. <literal>JOIN</>,
6581 <literal>NATURAL JOIN</>, <literal>JOIN</>/<literal>USING</>,
6582 and <literal>JOIN</>/<literal>ON</> are available, as are
6583 column correlation names.
6591 <title>Migration to version 7.0</title>
6594 A dump/restore using <application>pg_dump</application>
6595 is required for those wishing to migrate data from any
6596 previous release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>.
6597 For those upgrading from 6.5.*, you may instead use
6598 <application>pg_upgrade</application> to upgrade to this
6599 release; however, a full dump/reload installation is always the
6600 most robust method for upgrades.
6604 Interface and compatibility issues to consider for the new
6610 The date/time types <type>datetime</type> and
6611 <type>timespan</type> have been superseded by the
6612 SQL92-defined types <type>timestamp</type> and
6613 <type>interval</type>. Although there has been some effort to
6614 ease the transition by allowing
6615 <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> to recognize
6616 the deprecated type names and translate them to the new type
6617 names, this mechanism may not be completely transparent to
6618 your existing application.
6624 The optimizer has been substantially improved in the area of
6625 query cost estimation. In some cases, this will result in
6626 decreased query times as the optimizer makes a better choice
6627 for the preferred plan. However, in a small number of cases,
6628 usually involving pathological distributions of data, your
6629 query times may go up. If you are dealing with large amounts
6630 of data, you may want to check your queries to verify
6637 The <acronym>JDBC</acronym> and <acronym>ODBC</acronym>
6638 interfaces have been upgraded and extended.
6644 The string function <function>CHAR_LENGTH</function> is now a
6645 native function. Previous versions translated this into a call
6646 to <function>LENGTH</function>, which could result in
6647 ambiguity with other types implementing
6648 <function>LENGTH</function> such as the geometric types.
6657 <title>Changes</title>
6663 Prevent function calls exceeding maximum number of arguments (Tom)
6664 Improve CASE construct (Tom)
6665 Fix SELECT coalesce(f1,0) FROM int4_tbl GROUP BY f1 (Tom)
6666 Fix SELECT sentence.words[0] FROM sentence GROUP BY sentence.words[0] (Tom)
6667 Fix GROUP BY scan bug (Tom)
6668 Improvements in SQL grammar processing (Tom)
6669 Fix for views involved in INSERT ... SELECT ... (Tom)
6670 Fix for SELECT a/2, a/2 FROM test_missing_target GROUP BY a/2 (Tom)
6671 Fix for subselects in INSERT ... SELECT (Tom)
6672 Prevent INSERT ... SELECT ... ORDER BY (Tom)
6673 Fixes for relations greater than 2GB, including vacuum
6674 Improve propagating system table changes to other backends (Tom)
6675 Improve propagating user table changes to other backends (Tom)
6676 Fix handling of temp tables in complex situations (Bruce, Tom)
6677 Allow table locking at table open, improving concurrent reliability (Tom)
6678 Properly quote sequence names in pg_dump (Ross J. Reedstrom)
6679 Prevent DROP DATABASE while others accessing
6680 Prevent any rows from being returned by GROUP BY if no rows processed (Tom)
6681 Fix SELECT COUNT(1) FROM table WHERE ...' if no rows matching WHERE (Tom)
6682 Fix pg_upgrade so it works for MVCC (Tom)
6683 Fix for SELECT ... WHERE x IN (SELECT ... HAVING SUM(x) > 1) (Tom)
6684 Fix for "f1 datetime DEFAULT 'now'" (Tom)
6685 Fix problems with CURRENT_DATE used in DEFAULT (Tom)
6686 Allow comment-only lines, and ;;; lines too. (Tom)
6687 Improve recovery after failed disk writes, disk full (Hiroshi)
6688 Fix cases where table is mentioned in FROM but not joined (Tom)
6689 Allow HAVING clause without aggregate functions (Tom)
6690 Fix for "--" comment and no trailing newline, as seen in perl interface
6691 Improve pg_dump failure error reports (Bruce)
6692 Allow sorts and hashes to exceed 2GB file sizes (Tom)
6693 Fix for pg_dump dumping of inherited rules (Tom)
6694 Fix for NULL handling comparisons (Tom)
6695 Fix inconsistent state caused by failed CREATE/DROP commands (Hiroshi)
6696 Fix for dbname with dash
6697 Prevent DROP INDEX from interfering with other backends (Tom)
6698 Fix file descriptor leak in verify_password()
6699 Fix for "Unable to identify an operator =$" problem
6700 Fix ODBC so no segfault if CommLog and Debug enabled (Dirk Niggemann)
6701 Fix for recursive exit call (Massimo)
6702 Fix for extra-long timezones (Jeroen van Vianen)
6703 Make pg_dump preserve primary key information (Peter E)
6704 Prevent databases with single quotes (Peter E)
6705 Prevent DROP DATABASE inside transaction (Peter E)
6706 ecpg memory leak fixes (Stephen Birch)
6707 Fix for SELECT null::text, SELECT int4fac(null) and SELECT 2 + (null) (Tom)
6708 Y2K timestamp fix (Massimo)
6709 Fix for VACUUM 'HEAP_MOVED_IN was not expected' errors (Tom)
6710 Fix for views with tables/columns containing spaces (Tom)
6711 Prevent privileges on indexes (Peter E)
6712 Fix for spinlock stuck problem when error is generated (Hiroshi)
6713 Fix ipcclean on Linux
6714 Fix handling of NULL constraint conditions (Tom)
6715 Fix memory leak in odbc driver (Nick Gorham)
6716 Fix for privilege check on UNION tables (Tom)
6717 Fix to allow SELECT 'a' LIKE 'a' (Tom)
6718 Fix for SELECT 1 + NULL (Tom)
6720 Fix log() on numeric type (Tom)
6721 Deprecate ':' and ';' operators
6722 Allow vacuum of temporary tables
6723 Disallow inherited columns with the same name as new columns
6724 Recover or force failure when disk space is exhausted (Hiroshi)
6725 Fix INSERT INTO ... SELECT with AS columns matching result columns
6726 Fix INSERT ... SELECT ... GROUP BY groups by target columns not source columns (Tom)
6727 Fix CREATE TABLE test (a char(5) DEFAULT text '', b int4) with INSERT (Tom)
6728 Fix UNION with LIMIT
6729 Fix CREATE TABLE x AS SELECT 1 UNION SELECT 2
6730 Fix CREATE TABLE test(col char(2) DEFAULT user)
6731 Fix mismatched types in CREATE TABLE ... DEFAULT
6732 Fix SELECT * FROM pg_class where oid in (0,-1)
6733 Fix SELECT COUNT('asdf') FROM pg_class WHERE oid=12
6734 Prevent user who can create databases can modifying pg_database table (Peter E)
6735 Fix btree to give a useful elog when key > 1/2 (page - overhead) (Tom)
6736 Fix INSERT of 0.0 into DECIMAL(4,4) field (Tom)
6740 New CLI interface include file sqlcli.h, based on SQL3/SQL98
6741 Remove all limits on query length, row length limit still exists (Tom)
6742 Update jdbc protocol to 2.0 (Jens Glaser <email>jens@jens.de</email>)
6743 Add TRUNCATE command to quickly truncate relation (Mike Mascari)
6744 Fix to give super user and createdb user proper update catalog rights (Peter E)
6745 Allow ecpg bool variables to have NULL values (Christof)
6746 Issue ecpg error if NULL value for variable with no NULL indicator (Christof)
6747 Allow ^C to cancel COPY command (Massimo)
6748 Add SET FSYNC and SHOW PG_OPTIONS commands(Massimo)
6749 Function name overloading for dynamically-loaded C functions (Frankpitt)
6750 Add CmdTuples() to libpq++(Vince)
6751 New CREATE CONSTRAINT TRIGGER and SET CONSTRAINTS commands(Jan)
6752 Allow CREATE FUNCTION/WITH clause to be used for all language types
6753 configure --enable-debug adds -g (Peter E)
6754 configure --disable-debug removes -g (Peter E)
6755 Allow more complex default expressions (Tom)
6756 First real FOREIGN KEY constraint trigger functionality (Jan)
6757 Add FOREIGN KEY ... MATCH FULL ... ON DELETE CASCADE (Jan)
6758 Add FOREIGN KEY ... MATCH <unspecified> referential actions (Don Baccus)
6759 Allow WHERE restriction on ctid (physical heap location) (Hiroshi)
6760 Move pginterface from contrib to interface directory, rename to pgeasy (Bruce)
6761 Change pgeasy connectdb() parameter ordering (Bruce)
6762 Require SELECT DISTINCT target list to have all ORDER BY columns (Tom)
6763 Add Oracle's COMMENT ON command (Mike Mascari <email>mascarim@yahoo.com</email>)
6764 libpq's PQsetNoticeProcessor function now returns previous hook(Peter E)
6765 Prevent PQsetNoticeProcessor from being set to NULL (Peter E)
6766 Make USING in COPY optional (Bruce)
6767 Allow subselects in the target list (Tom)
6768 Allow subselects on the left side of comparison operators (Tom)
6769 New parallel regression test (Jan)
6770 Change backend-side COPY to write files with permissions 644 not 666 (Tom)
6771 Force permissions on PGDATA directory to be secure, even if it exists (Tom)
6772 Added psql LASTOID variable to return last inserted oid (Peter E)
6773 Allow concurrent vacuum and remove pg_vlock vacuum lock file (Tom)
6774 Add privilege check for vacuum (Peter E)
6775 New libpq functions to allow asynchronous connections: PQconnectStart(),
6776 PQconnectPoll(), PQresetStart(), PQresetPoll(), PQsetenvStart(),
6777 PQsetenvPoll(), PQsetenvAbort (Ewan Mellor)
6778 New libpq PQsetenv() function (Ewan Mellor)
6779 create/alter user extension (Peter E)
6780 New postmaster.pid and postmaster.opts under $PGDATA (Tatsuo)
6781 New scripts for create/drop user/db (Peter E)
6782 Major psql overhaul (Peter E)
6783 Add const to libpq interface (Peter E)
6784 New libpq function PQoidValue (Peter E)
6785 Show specific non-aggregate causing problem with GROUP BY (Tom)
6786 Make changes to pg_shadow recreate pg_pwd file (Peter E)
6787 Add aggregate(DISTINCT ...) (Tom)
6788 Allow flag to control COPY input/output of NULLs (Peter E)
6789 Make postgres user have a password by default (Peter E)
6790 Add CREATE/ALTER/DROP GROUP (Peter E)
6791 All administration scripts now support --long options (Peter E, Karel)
6792 Vacuumdb script now supports --all option (Peter E)
6793 ecpg new portable FETCH syntax
6794 Add ecpg EXEC SQL IFDEF, EXEC SQL IFNDEF, EXEC SQL ELSE, EXEC SQL ELIF
6795 and EXEC SQL ENDIF directives
6796 Add pg_ctl script to control backend start-up (Tatsuo)
6797 Add postmaster.opts.default file to store start-up flags (Tatsuo)
6798 Allow --with-mb=SQL_ASCII
6799 Increase maximum number of index keys to 16 (Bruce)
6800 Increase maximum number of function arguments to 16 (Bruce)
6801 Allow configuration of maximum number of index keys and arguments (Bruce)
6802 Allow unprivileged users to change their passwords (Peter E)
6803 Password authentication enabled; required for new users (Peter E)
6804 Disallow dropping a user who owns a database (Peter E)
6805 Change initdb option --with-mb to --enable-multibyte
6806 Add option for initdb to prompts for superuser password (Peter E)
6807 Allow complex type casts like col::numeric(9,2) and col::int2::float8 (Tom)
6808 Updated user interfaces on initdb, initlocation, pg_dump, ipcclean (Peter E)
6809 New pg_char_to_encoding() and pg_encoding_to_char() functions (Tatsuo)
6810 libpq non-blocking mode (Alfred Perlstein)
6811 Improve conversion of types in casts that don't specify a length
6812 New plperl internal programming language (Mark Hollomon)
6813 Allow COPY IN to read file that do not end with a newline (Tom)
6814 Indicate when long identifiers are truncated (Tom)
6815 Allow aggregates to use type equivalency (Peter E)
6816 Add Oracle's to_char(), to_date(), to_datetime(), to_timestamp(), to_number()
6817 conversion functions (Karel Zak <zakkr@zf.jcu.cz>)
6818 Add SELECT DISTINCT ON (expr [, expr ...]) targetlist ... (Tom)
6819 Check to be sure ORDER BY is compatible with the DISTINCT operation (Tom)
6820 Add NUMERIC and int8 types to ODBC
6821 Improve EXPLAIN results for Append, Group, Agg, Unique (Tom)
6822 Add ALTER TABLE ... ADD FOREIGN KEY (Stephan Szabo)
6823 Allow SELECT .. FOR UPDATE in PL/pgSQL (Hiroshi)
6824 Enable backward sequential scan even after reaching EOF (Hiroshi)
6825 Add btree indexing of boolean values, >= and <= (Don Baccus)
6826 Print current line number when COPY FROM fails (Massimo)
6827 Recognize POSIX time zone e.g. "PST+8" and "GMT-8" (Thomas)
6828 Add DEC as synonym for DECIMAL (Thomas)
6829 Add SESSION_USER as SQL92 key word, same as CURRENT_USER (Thomas)
6830 Implement SQL92 column aliases (aka correlation names) (Thomas)
6831 Implement SQL92 join syntax (Thomas)
6832 Make INTERVAL reserved word allowed as a column identifier (Thomas)
6833 Implement REINDEX command (Hiroshi)
6834 Accept ALL in aggregate function SUM(ALL col) (Tom)
6835 Prevent GROUP BY from using column aliases (Tom)
6836 New psql \encoding option (Tatsuo)
6837 Allow PQrequestCancel() to terminate when in waiting-for-lock state (Hiroshi)
6838 Allow negation of a negative number in all cases
6839 Add ecpg descriptors (Christof, Michael)
6840 Allow CREATE VIEW v AS SELECT f1::char(8) FROM tbl
6841 Allow casts with length, like foo::char(8)
6842 New libpq functions PQsetClientEncoding(), PQclientEncoding() (Tatsuo)
6843 Add support for SJIS user defined characters (Tatsuo)
6844 Larger views/rules supported
6845 Make libpq's PQconndefaults() thread-safe (Tom)
6846 Disable // as comment to be ANSI conforming, should use -- (Tom)
6847 Allow column aliases on views CREATE VIEW name (collist)
6848 Fixes for views with subqueries (Tom)
6849 Allow UPDATE table SET fld = (SELECT ...) (Tom)
6850 SET command options no longer require quotes
6851 Update pgaccess to 0.98.6
6852 New SET SEED command
6853 New pg_options.sample file
6854 New SET FSYNC command (Massimo)
6855 Allow pg_descriptions when creating tables
6856 Allow pg_descriptions when creating types, columns, and functions
6857 Allow psql \copy to allow delimiters (Peter E)
6858 Allow psql to print nulls as distinct from "" [null] (Peter E)
6862 Many array fixes (Tom)
6863 Allow bare column names to be subscripted as arrays (Tom)
6864 Improve type casting of int and float constants (Tom)
6865 Cleanups for int8 inputs, range checking, and type conversion (Tom)
6866 Fix for SELECT timespan('21:11:26'::time) (Tom)
6867 netmask('x.x.x.x/0') is 255.255.255.255 instead of 0.0.0.0 (Oleg Sharoiko)
6868 Add btree index on NUMERIC (Jan)
6869 Perl fix for large objects containing NUL characters (Douglas Thomson)
6870 ODBC fix for for large objects (free)
6871 Fix indexing of cidr data type
6872 Fix for Ethernet MAC addresses (macaddr type) comparisons
6873 Fix for date/time types when overflows happened in computations (Tom)
6874 Allow array on int8 (Peter E)
6875 Fix for rounding/overflow of NUMERIC type, like NUMERIC(4,4) (Tom)
6876 Allow NUMERIC arrays
6877 Fix bugs in NUMERIC ceil() and floor() functions (Tom)
6878 Make char_length()/octet_length including trailing blanks (Tom)
6879 Made abstime/reltime use int4 instead of time_t (Peter E)
6880 New lztext data type for compressed text fields
6881 Revise code to handle coercion of int and float constants (Tom)
6882 Start at new code to implement a BIT and BIT VARYING type (Adriaan Joubert)
6883 NUMERIC now accepts scientific notation (Tom)
6884 NUMERIC to int4 rounds (Tom)
6885 Convert float4/8 to NUMERIC properly (Tom)
6886 Allow type conversion with NUMERIC (Thomas)
6887 Make ISO date style (2000-02-16 09:33) the default (Thomas)
6888 Add NATIONAL CHAR [ VARYING ] (Thomas)
6889 Allow NUMERIC round and trunc to accept negative scales (Tom)
6890 New TIME WITH TIME ZONE type (Thomas)
6891 Add MAX()/MIN() on time type (Thomas)
6892 Add abs(), mod(), fac() for int8 (Thomas)
6893 Rename functions to round(), sqrt(), cbrt(), pow() for float8 (Thomas)
6894 Add transcendental math functions (e.g. sin(), acos()) for float8 (Thomas)
6895 Add exp() and ln() for NUMERIC type
6896 Rename NUMERIC power() to pow() (Thomas)
6897 Improved TRANSLATE() function (Edwin Ramirez, Tom)
6898 Allow X=-Y operators (Tom)
6899 Allow SELECT float8(COUNT(*))/(SELECT COUNT(*) FROM t) FROM t GROUP BY f1; (Tom)
6900 Allow LOCALE to use indexes in regular expression searches (Tom)
6901 Allow creation of functional indexes to use default types
6905 Prevent exponential space consumption with many AND's and OR's (Tom)
6906 Collect attribute selectivity values for system columns (Tom)
6907 Reduce memory usage of aggregates (Tom)
6908 Fix for LIKE optimization to use indexes with multibyte encodings (Tom)
6909 Fix r-tree index optimizer selectivity (Thomas)
6910 Improve optimizer selectivity computations and functions (Tom)
6911 Optimize btree searching for cases where many equal keys exist (Tom)
6912 Enable fast LIKE index processing only if index present (Tom)
6913 Re-use free space on index pages with duplicates (Tom)
6914 Improve hash join processing (Tom)
6915 Prevent descending sort if result is already sorted(Hiroshi)
6916 Allow commuting of index scan query qualifications (Tom)
6917 Prefer index scans in cases where ORDER BY/GROUP BY is required (Tom)
6918 Allocate large memory requests in fix-sized chunks for performance (Tom)
6919 Fix vacuum's performance by reducing memory allocation requests (Tom)
6920 Implement constant-expression simplification (Bernard Frankpitt, Tom)
6921 Use secondary columns to be used to determine start of index scan (Hiroshi)
6922 Prevent quadruple use of disk space when doing internal sorting (Tom)
6923 Faster sorting by calling fewer functions (Tom)
6924 Create system indexes to match all system caches (Bruce, Hiroshi)
6925 Make system caches use system indexes (Bruce)
6926 Make all system indexes unique (Bruce)
6927 Improve pg_statistics management for VACUUM speed improvement (Tom)
6928 Flush backend cache less frequently (Tom, Hiroshi)
6929 COPY now reuses previous memory allocation, improving performance (Tom)
6930 Improve optimization cost estimation (Tom)
6931 Improve optimizer estimate of range queries x > lowbound AND x < highbound (Tom)
6932 Use DNF instead of CNF where appropriate (Tom, Taral)
6933 Further cleanup for OR-of-AND WHERE-clauses (Tom)
6934 Make use of index in OR clauses (x = 1 AND y = 2) OR (x = 2 AND y = 4) (Tom)
6935 Smarter optimizer computations for random index page access (Tom)
6936 New SET variable to control optimizer costs (Tom)
6937 Optimizer queries based on LIMIT, OFFSET, and EXISTS qualifications (Tom)
6938 Reduce optimizer internal housekeeping of join paths for speedup (Tom)
6939 Major subquery speedup (Tom)
6940 Fewer fsync writes when fsync is not disabled (Tom)
6941 Improved LIKE optimizer estimates (Tom)
6942 Prevent fsync in SELECT-only queries (Vadim)
6943 Make index creation use psort code, because it is now faster (Tom)
6944 Allow creation of sort temp tables > 1 Gig
6948 Fix for linux PPC compile
6949 New generic expression-tree-walker subroutine (Tom)
6950 Change form() to varargform() to prevent portability problems
6951 Improved range checking for large integers on Alphas
6952 Clean up #include in /include directory (Bruce)
6953 Add scripts for checking includes (Bruce)
6954 Remove un-needed #include's from *.c files (Bruce)
6955 Change #include's to use <> and "" as appropriate (Bruce)
6956 Enable Windows compilation of libpq
6957 Alpha spinlock fix from Uncle George <email>gatgul@voicenet.com</email>
6958 Overhaul of optimizer data structures (Tom)
6959 Fix to cygipc library (Yutaka Tanida)
6960 Allow pgsql to work on newer Cygwin snapshots (Dan)
6961 New catalog version number (Tom)
6963 Rename heap_replace to heap_update
6964 Update for QNX (Dr. Andreas Kardos)
6965 New platform-specific regression handling (Tom)
6966 Rename oid8 -> oidvector and int28 -> int2vector (Bruce)
6967 Included all yacc and lex files into the distribution (Peter E.)
6968 Remove lextest, no longer needed (Peter E)
6969 Fix for libpq and psql on Windows (Magnus)
6970 Internally change datetime and timespan into timestamp and interval (Thomas)
6971 Fix for plpgsql on BSD/OS
6972 Add SQL_ASCII test case to the regression test (Tatsuo)
6973 configure --with-mb now deprecated (Tatsuo)
6975 NetBSD fixes (Johnny C. Lam <email>lamj@stat.cmu.edu</email>)
6976 Fixes for Alpha compiles
6977 New multibyte encodings
6983 <sect1 id="release-6-5-3">
6984 <title>Release 6.5.3</title>
6987 <title>Release date</title>
6988 <simpara>1999-10-13</simpara>
6992 This is basically a cleanup release for 6.5.2. We have added a new
6993 <application>PgAccess</> that was missing in 6.5.2, and installed an NT-specific fix.
6998 <title>Migration to version 6.5.3</title>
7001 A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those running
7006 <title>Changes</title>
7010 Updated version of pgaccess 0.98
7012 Fix dumping rules on inherited tables
7019 <sect1 id="release-6-5-2">
7020 <title>Release 6.5.2</title>
7023 <title>Release date</title>
7024 <simpara>1999-09-15</simpara>
7028 This is basically a cleanup release for 6.5.1. We have fixed a variety of
7029 problems reported by 6.5.1 users.
7034 <title>Migration to version 6.5.2</title>
7037 A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those running
7043 <title>Changes</title>
7047 subselect+CASE fixes(Tom)
7048 Add SHLIB_LINK setting for solaris_i386 and solaris_sparc ports(Daren Sefcik)
7049 Fixes for CASE in WHERE join clauses(Tom)
7050 Fix BTScan abort(Tom)
7051 Repair the check for redundant UNIQUE and PRIMARY KEY indexes(Thomas)
7052 Improve it so that it checks for multicolumn constraints(Thomas)
7053 Fix for Windows making problem with MB enabled(Hiroki Kataoka)
7054 Allow BSD yacc and bison to compile pl code(Bruce)
7055 Fix SET NAMES working
7057 Fix vacuum's memory consumption(Hiroshi,Tatsuo)
7058 Reduce the total memory consumption of vacuum(Tom)
7059 Fix for timestamp(datetime)
7060 Rule deparsing bugfixes(Tom)
7061 Fix quoting problems in mkMakefile.tcldefs.sh.in and mkMakefile.tkdefs.sh.in(Tom)
7062 This is to re-use space on index pages freed by vacuum(Vadim)
7063 document -x for pg_dump(Bruce)
7064 Fix for unary operators in rule deparser(Tom)
7065 Comment out FileUnlink of excess segments during mdtruncate()(Tom)
7066 IRIX linking fix from Yu Cao >yucao@falcon.kla-tencor.com<
7067 Repair logic error in LIKE: should not return LIKE_ABORT
7068 when reach end of pattern before end of text(Tom)
7069 Repair incorrect cleanup of heap memory allocation during transaction abort(Tom)
7070 Updated version of pgaccess 0.98
7076 <sect1 id="release-6-5-1">
7077 <title>Release 6.5.1</title>
7080 <title>Release date</title>
7081 <simpara>1999-07-15</simpara>
7085 This is basically a cleanup release for 6.5. We have fixed a variety of
7086 problems reported by 6.5 users.
7090 <title>Migration to version 6.5.1</title>
7093 A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those running
7099 <title>Changes</title>
7104 Portability fixes for linux_ppc, IRIX, linux_alpha, OpenBSD, alpha
7105 Remove QUERY_LIMIT, use SELECT...LIMIT
7106 Fix for EXPLAIN on inheritance(Tom)
7107 Patch to allow vacuum on multisegment tables(Hiroshi)
7108 R-Tree optimizer selectivity fix(Tom)
7109 ACL file descriptor leak fix(Atsushi Ogawa)
7110 New expresssion subtree code(Tom)
7111 Avoid disk writes for read-only transactions(Vadim)
7112 Fix for removal of temp tables if last transaction was aborted(Bruce)
7113 Fix to prevent too large row from being created(Bruce)
7115 Allow port numbers 32k - 64k(Bruce)
7116 Add ^ precidence(Bruce)
7117 Rename sort files called pg_temp to pg_sorttemp(Bruce)
7118 Fix for microseconds in time values(Tom)
7119 Tutorial source cleanup
7121 Fix for sorting of NULL's in some cases(Tom)
7122 Shared library dependencies fixed (Tom)
7123 Fixed glitches affecting GROUP BY in subselects(Tom)
7124 Fix some compiler warnings (Tomoaki Nishiyama)
7125 Add Win1250 (Czech) support (Pavel Behal)
7131 <sect1 id="release-6-5">
7132 <title>Release 6.5</title>
7135 <title>Release date</title>
7136 <simpara>1999-06-09</simpara>
7140 This release marks a major step in the development team's mastery of the source
7141 code we inherited from Berkeley. You will see we are now easily adding
7142 major features, thanks to the increasing size and experience of our
7143 world-wide development team.
7147 Here is a brief summary of the more notable changes:
7152 Multiversion concurrency control(MVCC)
7156 This removes our old table-level locking, and replaces it with
7157 a locking system that is superior to most commercial database
7158 systems. In a traditional system, each row that is modified
7159 is locked until committed, preventing reads by other users.
7160 MVCC uses the natural multiversion nature of
7161 <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> to allow readers to
7162 continue reading consistent data during writer activity.
7163 Writers continue to use the compact pg_log transaction system.
7164 This is all performed without having to allocate a lock for
7165 every row like traditional database systems. So, basically,
7166 we no longer are restricted by simple table-level locking; we
7167 have something better than row-level locking.
7174 Hot backups from <application>pg_dump</application>
7178 <application>pg_dump</application> takes advantage of the new
7179 MVCC features to give a consistent database dump/backup while
7180 the database stays online and available for queries.
7191 We now have a true numeric data type, with
7192 user-specified precision.
7203 Temporary tables are guaranteed to have unique names
7204 within a database session, and are destroyed on session exit.
7215 We now have CASE, INTERSECT, and EXCEPT statement
7216 support. We have new LIMIT/OFFSET, SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL,
7217 SELECT ... FOR UPDATE, and an improved LOCK TABLE command.
7228 We continue to speed up <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>,
7229 thanks to the variety of talents within our team. We have
7230 sped up memory allocation, optimization, table joins, and row
7242 We continue to expand our port list, this time including
7243 <systemitem class="osname">Windows NT</>/<systemitem>ix86</> and <systemitem class="osname">NetBSD</>/<systemitem>arm32</>.
7254 Most interfaces have new versions, and existing functionality
7266 New and updated material is present throughout the
7267 documentation. New <acronym>FAQ</acronym>s have been
7268 contributed for <systemitem class="osname">SGI</> and <systemitem class="osname">AIX</> platforms.
7269 The <citetitle>Tutorial</citetitle> has introductory information
7270 on <acronym>SQL</acronym> from Stefan Simkovics.
7271 For the <citetitle>User's Guide</citetitle>, there are
7272 reference pages covering the postmaster and more utility
7273 programs, and a new appendix
7274 contains details on date/time behavior.
7275 The <citetitle>Administrator's Guide</citetitle> has a new
7276 chapter on troubleshooting from Tom Lane.
7277 And the <citetitle>Programmer's Guide</citetitle> has a
7278 description of query processing, also from Stefan, and details
7279 on obtaining the <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> source
7280 tree via anonymous <productname>CVS</productname> and
7281 <productname>CVSup</productname>.
7289 <title>Migration to version 6.5</title>
7292 A dump/restore using <application>pg_dump</application>
7293 is required for those wishing to migrate data from any
7294 previous release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>.
7295 <application>pg_upgrade</application> can <emphasis>not</emphasis>
7296 be used to upgrade to this release because the on-disk structure
7297 of the tables has changed compared to previous releases.
7301 The new Multiversion Concurrency Control (MVCC) features can
7302 give somewhat different behaviors in multiuser
7303 environments. <emphasis>Read and understand the following section
7304 to ensure that your existing applications will give you the
7305 behavior you need.</emphasis>
7309 <title>Multiversion Concurrency Control</title>
7312 Because readers in 6.5 don't lock data, regardless of transaction
7313 isolation level, data read by one transaction can be overwritten by
7314 another. In other words, if a row is returned by
7315 <command>SELECT</command> it doesn't mean that this row really exists
7316 at the time it is returned (i.e. sometime after the statement or
7317 transaction began) nor that the row is protected from being deleted or
7318 updated by concurrent transactions before the current transaction does
7319 a commit or rollback.
7323 To ensure the actual existence of a row and protect it against
7324 concurrent updates one must use <command>SELECT FOR UPDATE</command> or
7325 an appropriate <command>LOCK TABLE</command> statement. This should be
7326 taken into account when porting applications from previous releases of
7327 <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> and other environments.
7331 Keep the above in mind if you are using
7332 <filename>contrib/refint.*</filename> triggers for
7333 referential integrity. Additional techniques are required now. One way is
7334 to use <command>LOCK parent_table IN SHARE ROW EXCLUSIVE MODE</command>
7335 command if a transaction is going to update/delete a primary key and
7336 use <command>LOCK parent_table IN SHARE MODE</command> command if a
7337 transaction is going to update/insert a foreign key.
7341 Note that if you run a transaction in SERIALIZABLE mode then you must
7342 execute the <command>LOCK</command> commands above before execution of any
7343 <acronym>DML</acronym> statement
7344 (<command>SELECT/INSERT/DELETE/UPDATE/FETCH/COPY_TO</command>) in the
7351 These inconveniences will disappear in the future
7352 when the ability to read dirty
7353 (uncommitted) data (regardless of isolation level) and true referential
7354 integrity will be implemented.
7360 <title>Changes</title>
7366 Fix text<->float8 and text<->float4 conversion functions(Thomas)
7367 Fix for creating tables with mixed-case constraints(Billy)
7368 Change exp()/pow() behavior to generate error on underflow/overflow(Jan)
7369 Fix bug in pg_dump -z
7370 Memory overrun cleanups(Tatsuo)
7371 Fix for lo_import crash(Tatsuo)
7372 Adjust handling of data type names to suppress double quotes(Thomas)
7373 Use type coercion for matching columns and DEFAULT(Thomas)
7374 Fix deadlock so it only checks once after one second of sleep(Bruce)
7375 Fixes for aggregates and PL/pgsql(Hiroshi)
7376 Fix for subquery crash(Vadim)
7377 Fix for libpq function PQfnumber and case-insensitive names(Bahman Rafatjoo)
7378 Fix for large object write-in-middle, no extra block, memory consumption(Tatsuo)
7379 Fix for pg_dump -d or -D and quote special characters in INSERT
7380 Repair serious problems with dynahash(Tom)
7381 Fix INET/CIDR portability problems
7382 Fix problem with selectivity error in ALTER TABLE ADD COLUMN(Bruce)
7383 Fix executor so mergejoin of different column types works(Tom)
7384 Fix for Alpha OR selectivity bug
7385 Fix OR index selectivity problem(Bruce)
7386 Fix so \d shows proper length for char()/varchar()(Ryan)
7387 Fix tutorial code(Clark)
7388 Improve destroyuser checking(Oliver)
7389 Fix for Kerberos(Rodney McDuff)
7390 Fix for dropping database while dirty buffers(Bruce)
7391 Fix so sequence nextval() can be case-sensitive(Bruce)
7393 Drop buffers before destroying database files(Bruce)
7394 Fix case where executor evaluates functions twice(Tatsuo)
7395 Allow sequence nextval actions to be case-sensitive(Bruce)
7396 Fix optimizer indexing not working for negative numbers(Bruce)
7397 Fix for memory leak in executor with fjIsNull
7398 Fix for aggregate memory leaks(Erik Riedel)
7399 Allow user name containing a dash to grant privileges
7400 Cleanup of NULL in inet types
7401 Clean up system table bugs(Tom)
7402 Fix problems of PAGER and \? command(Masaaki Sakaida)
7403 Reduce default multisegment file size limit to 1GB(Peter)
7404 Fix for dumping of CREATE OPERATOR(Tom)
7405 Fix for backward scanning of cursors(Hiroshi Inoue)
7406 Fix for COPY FROM STDIN when using \i(Tom)
7407 Fix for subselect is compared inside an expression(Jan)
7408 Fix handling of error reporting while returning rows(Tom)
7409 Fix problems with reference to array types(Tom,Jan)
7410 Prevent UPDATE SET oid(Jan)
7411 Fix pg_dump so -t option can handle case-sensitive tablenames
7412 Fixes for GROUP BY in special cases(Tom, Jan)
7413 Fix for memory leak in failed queries(Tom)
7414 DEFAULT now supports mixed-case identifiers(Tom)
7415 Fix for multisegment uses of DROP/RENAME table, indexes(Ole Gjerde)
7416 Disable use of pg_dump with both -o and -d options(Bruce)
7417 Allow pg_dump to properly dump group privileges(Bruce)
7418 Fix GROUP BY in INSERT INTO table SELECT * FROM table2(Jan)
7419 Fix for computations in views(Jan)
7420 Fix for aggregates on array indexes(Tom)
7421 Fix for DEFAULT handles single quotes in value requiring too many quotes
7422 Fix security problem with non-super users importing/exporting large objects(Tom)
7423 Rollback of transaction that creates table cleaned up properly(Tom)
7424 Fix to allow long table and column names to generate proper serial names(Tom)
7428 Add "vacuumdb" utility
7429 Speed up libpq by allocating memory better(Tom)
7430 EXPLAIN all indexes used(Tom)
7431 Implement CASE, COALESCE, NULLIF expression(Thomas)
7432 New pg_dump table output format(Constantin)
7433 Add string min()/max() functions(Thomas)
7434 Extend new type coercion techniques to aggregates(Thomas)
7435 New moddatetime contrib(Terry)
7436 Update to pgaccess 0.96(Constantin)
7437 Add routines for single-byte "char" type(Thomas)
7438 Improved substr() function(Thomas)
7439 Improved multibyte handling(Tatsuo)
7440 Multiversion concurrency control/MVCC(Vadim)
7441 New Serialized mode(Vadim)
7442 Fix for tables over 2gigs(Peter)
7443 New SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL(Vadim)
7444 New LOCK TABLE IN ... MODE(Vadim)
7445 Update ODBC driver(Byron)
7446 New NUMERIC data type(Jan)
7447 New SELECT FOR UPDATE(Vadim)
7448 Handle "NaN" and "Infinity" for input values(Jan)
7449 Improved date/year handling(Thomas)
7450 Improved handling of backend connections(Magnus)
7451 New options ELOG_TIMESTAMPS and USE_SYSLOG options for log files(Massimo)
7452 New TCL_ARRAYS option(Massimo)
7453 New INTERSECT and EXCEPT(Stefan)
7454 New pg_index.indisprimary for primary key tracking(D'Arcy)
7455 New pg_dump option to allow dropping of tables before creation(Brook)
7456 Speedup of row output routines(Tom)
7457 New READ COMMITTED isolation level(Vadim)
7458 New TEMP tables/indexes(Bruce)
7459 Prevent sorting if result is already sorted(Jan)
7460 New memory allocation optimization(Jan)
7461 Allow psql to do \p\g(Bruce)
7462 Allow multiple rule actions(Jan)
7463 Added LIMIT/OFFSET functionality(Jan)
7464 Improve optimizer when joining a large number of tables(Bruce)
7465 New intro to SQL from S. Simkovics' Master's Thesis (Stefan, Thomas)
7466 New intro to backend processing from S. Simkovics' Master's Thesis (Stefan)
7467 Improved int8 support(Ryan Bradetich, Thomas, Tom)
7468 New routines to convert between int8 and text/varchar types(Thomas)
7469 New bushy plans, where meta-tables are joined(Bruce)
7470 Enable right-hand queries by default(Bruce)
7471 Allow reliable maximum number of backends to be set at configure time
7472 (--with-maxbackends and postmaster switch (-N backends))(Tom)
7473 GEQO default now 10 tables because of optimizer speedups(Tom)
7474 Allow NULL=Var for MS-SQL portability(Michael, Bruce)
7475 Modify contrib check_primary_key() so either "automatic" or "dependent"(Anand)
7476 Allow psql \d on a view show query(Ryan)
7477 Speedup for LIKE(Bruce)
7478 Ecpg fixes/features, see src/interfaces/ecpg/ChangeLog file(Michael)
7479 JDBC fixes/features, see src/interfaces/jdbc/CHANGELOG(Peter)
7480 Make % operator have precedence like /(Bruce)
7481 Add new postgres -O option to allow system table structure changes(Bruce)
7482 Update contrib/pginterface/findoidjoins script(Tom)
7483 Major speedup in vacuum of deleted rows with indexes(Vadim)
7484 Allow non-SQL functions to run different versions based on arguments(Tom)
7485 Add -E option that shows actual queries sent by \dt and friends(Masaaki Sakaida)
7486 Add version number in start-up banners for psql(Masaaki Sakaida)
7487 New contrib/vacuumlo removes large objects not referenced(Peter)
7488 New initialization for table sizes so non-vacuumed tables perform better(Tom)
7489 Improve error messages when a connection is rejected(Tom)
7490 Support for arrays of char() and varchar() fields(Massimo)
7491 Overhaul of hash code to increase reliability and performance(Tom)
7492 Update to PyGreSQL 2.4(D'Arcy)
7493 Changed debug options so -d4 and -d5 produce different node displays(Jan)
7494 New pg_options: pretty_plan, pretty_parse, pretty_rewritten(Jan)
7495 Better optimization statistics for system table access(Tom)
7496 Better handling of non-default block sizes(Massimo)
7497 Improve GEQO optimizer memory consumption(Tom)
7498 UNION now suppports ORDER BY of columns not in target list(Jan)
7499 Major libpq++ improvements(Vince Vielhaber)
7500 pg_dump now uses -z(ACL's) as default(Bruce)
7501 backend cache, memory speedups(Tom)
7502 have pg_dump do everything in one snapshot transaction(Vadim)
7503 fix for large object memory leakage, fix for pg_dumping(Tom)
7504 INET type now respects netmask for comparisons
7505 Make VACUUM ANALYZE only use a readlock(Vadim)
7506 Allow VIEWs on UNIONS(Jan)
7507 pg_dump now can generate consistent snapshots on active databases(Vadim)
7511 Improve port matching(Tom)
7512 Portability fixes for SunOS
7513 Add Windows NT backend port and enable dynamic loading(Magnus and Daniel Horak)
7514 New port to Cobalt Qube(Mips) running Linux(Tatsuo)
7515 Port to NetBSD/m68k(Mr. Mutsuki Nakajima)
7516 Port to NetBSD/sun3(Mr. Mutsuki Nakajima)
7517 Port to NetBSD/macppc(Toshimi Aoki)
7518 Fix for tcl/tk configuration(Vince)
7519 Removed CURRENT key word for rule queries(Jan)
7520 NT dynamic loading now works(Daniel Horak)
7521 Add ARM32 support(Andrew McMurry)
7522 Better support for HP-UX 11 and UnixWare
7523 Improve file handling to be more uniform, prevent file descriptor leak(Tom)
7524 New install commands for plpgsql(Jan)
7531 <sect1 id="release-6-4-2">
7532 <title>Release 6.4.2</title>
7535 <title>Release date</title>
7536 <simpara>1998-12-20</simpara>
7540 The 6.4.1 release was improperly packaged. This also has one additional
7546 <title>Migration to version 6.4.2</title>
7549 A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those running
7554 <title>Changes</title>
7558 Fix for datetime constant problem on some platforms(Thomas)
7566 <sect1 id="release-6-4-1">
7567 <title>Release 6.4.1</title>
7570 <title>Release date</title>
7571 <simpara>1998-12-18</simpara>
7575 This is basically a cleanup release for 6.4. We have fixed a variety of
7576 problems reported by 6.4 users.
7581 <title>Migration to version 6.4.1</title>
7584 A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those running
7589 <title>Changes</title>
7593 Add pg_dump -N flag to force double quotes around identifiers. This is
7595 Fix for NOT in where clause causing crash(Bruce)
7596 EXPLAIN VERBOSE coredump fix(Vadim)
7597 Fix shared-library problems on Linux
7598 Fix test for table existence to allow mixed-case and whitespace in
7599 the table name(Thomas)
7600 Fix a couple of pg_dump bugs
7601 Configure matches template/.similar entries better(Tom)
7602 Change builtin function names from SPI_* to spi_*
7603 OR WHERE clause fix(Vadim)
7604 Fixes for mixed-case table names(Billy)
7605 contrib/linux/postgres.init.csh/sh fix(Thomas)
7606 libpq memory overrun fix
7608 Change exp() behavior to generate error on underflow(Thomas)
7609 pg_dump fixes for memory leak, inheritance constraints, layout change
7610 update pgaccess to 0.93
7611 Fix prototype for 64-bit platforms
7612 Multibyte fixes(Tatsuo)
7614 Fix memory overruns(Tatsuo)
7615 Fix for lo_import() crash(Bruce)
7616 Better search for install program(Tom)
7619 Use implicit type coercion for matching DEFAULT values(Thomas)
7620 Add routines to help with single-byte (internal) character type(Thomas)
7621 Compilation of libpq for Windows fixes(Magnus)
7622 Upgrade to PyGreSQL 2.2(D'Arcy)
7630 <sect1 id="release-6-4">
7631 <title>Release 6.4</title>
7634 <title>Release date</title>
7635 <simpara>1998-10-30</simpara>
7639 There are <emphasis>many</emphasis> new features and improvements in this release.
7640 Thanks to our developers and maintainers, nearly every aspect of the system
7641 has received some attention since the previous release.
7642 Here is a brief, incomplete summary:
7647 Views and rules are now functional thanks to extensive new code in the
7648 rewrite rules system from Jan Wieck. He also wrote a chapter on it
7649 for the <citetitle>Programmer's Guide</citetitle>.
7654 Jan also contributed a second procedural language, <application>PL/pgSQL</application>, to go with the
7655 original <application>PL/pgTCL</application> procedural language he contributed last release.
7661 We have optional multiple-byte character set support from Tatsuo Ishii
7662 to complement our existing locale support.
7668 Client/server communications has been cleaned up, with better support for
7669 asynchronous messages and interrupts thanks to Tom Lane.
7675 The parser will now perform automatic type coercion to match arguments
7676 to available operators and functions, and to match columns and expressions
7677 with target columns. This uses a generic mechanism which supports
7678 the type extensibility features of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>.
7679 There is a new chapter in the <citetitle>User's Guide</citetitle>
7680 which covers this topic.
7686 Three new data types have been added.
7687 Two types, <type>inet</type> and <type>cidr</type>, support various forms
7688 of IP network, subnet, and machine addressing. There is now an 8-byte integer
7689 type available on some platforms. See the chapter on data types
7690 in the <citetitle>User's Guide</citetitle> for details.
7691 A fourth type, <type>serial</type>, is now supported by the parser as an
7692 amalgam of the <type>int4</type> type, a sequence, and a unique index.
7698 Several more <acronym>SQL92</acronym>-compatible syntax features have been
7699 added, including <command>INSERT DEFAULT VALUES</command>
7705 The automatic configuration and installation system has received some
7706 attention, and should be more robust for more platforms than it has ever
7715 <title>Migration to version 6.4</title>
7718 A dump/restore using <application>pg_dump</application>
7719 or <application>pg_dumpall</application>
7720 is required for those wishing to migrate data from any
7721 previous release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>.
7726 <title>Changes</title>
7732 Fix for a tiny memory leak in PQsetdb/PQfinish(Bryan)
7733 Remove char2-16 data types, use char/varchar(Darren)
7734 Pqfn not handles a NOTICE message(Anders)
7735 Reduced busywaiting overhead for spinlocks with many backends (dg)
7736 Stuck spinlock detection (dg)
7737 Fix up "ISO-style" timespan decoding and encoding(Thomas)
7738 Fix problem with table drop after rollback of transaction(Vadim)
7739 Change error message and remove non-functional update message(Vadim)
7740 Fix for COPY array checking
7741 Fix for SELECT 1 UNION SELECT NULL
7742 Fix for buffer leaks in large object calls(Pascal)
7743 Change owner from oid to int4 type(Bruce)
7744 Fix a bug in the oracle compatibility functions btrim() ltrim() and rtrim()
7745 Fix for shared invalidation cache overflow(Massimo)
7746 Prevent file descriptor leaks in failed COPY's(Bruce)
7747 Fix memory leak in libpgtcl's pg_select(Constantin)
7748 Fix problems with username/passwords over 8 characters(Tom)
7749 Fix problems with handling of asynchronous NOTIFY in backend(Tom)
7750 Fix of many bad system table entries(Tom)
7754 Upgrade ecpg and ecpglib,see src/interfaces/ecpc/ChangeLog(Michael)
7755 Show the index used in an EXPLAIN(Zeugswetter)
7756 EXPLAIN invokes rule system and shows plan(s) for rewritten queries(Jan)
7757 Multibyte awareness of many data types and functions, via configure(Tatsuo)
7758 New configure --with-mb option(Tatsuo)
7759 New initdb --pgencoding option(Tatsuo)
7760 New createdb -E multibyte option(Tatsuo)
7761 Select version(); now returns PostgreSQL version(Jeroen)
7762 libpq now allows asynchronous clients(Tom)
7763 Allow cancel from client of backend query(Tom)
7764 psql now cancels query with Control-C(Tom)
7765 libpq users need not issue dummy queries to get NOTIFY messages(Tom)
7766 NOTIFY now sends sender's PID, so you can tell whether it was your own(Tom)
7767 PGresult struct now includes associated error message, if any(Tom)
7768 Define "tz_hour" and "tz_minute" arguments to date_part()(Thomas)
7769 Add routines to convert between varchar and bpchar(Thomas)
7770 Add routines to allow sizing of varchar and bpchar into target columns(Thomas)
7771 Add bit flags to support timezonehour and minute in data retrieval(Thomas)
7772 Allow more variations on valid floating point numbers (e.g. ".1", "1e6")(Thomas)
7773 Fixes for unary minus parsing with leading spaces(Thomas)
7774 Implement TIMEZONE_HOUR, TIMEZONE_MINUTE per SQL92 specs(Thomas)
7775 Check for and properly ignore FOREIGN KEY column constraints(Thomas)
7776 Define USER as synonym for CURRENT_USER per SQL92 specs(Thomas)
7777 Enable HAVING clause but no fixes elsewhere yet.
7778 Make "char" type a synonym for "char(1)" (actually implemented as bpchar)(Thomas)
7779 Save string type if specified for DEFAULT clause handling(Thomas)
7780 Coerce operations involving different data types(Thomas)
7781 Allow some index use for columns of different types(Thomas)
7782 Add capabilities for automatic type conversion(Thomas)
7783 Cleanups for large objects, so file is truncated on open(Peter)
7784 Readline cleanups(Tom)
7785 Allow psql \f \ to make spaces as delimiter(Bruce)
7786 Pass pg_attribute.atttypmod to the frontend for column field lengths(Tom,Bruce)
7787 Msql compatibility library in /contrib(Aldrin)
7788 Remove the requirement that ORDER/GROUP BY clause identifiers be
7789 included in the target list(David)
7790 Convert columns to match columns in UNION clauses(Thomas)
7791 Remove fork()/exec() and only do fork()(Bruce)
7792 Jdbc cleanups(Peter)
7793 Show backend status on ps command line(only works on some platforms)(Bruce)
7794 Pg_hba.conf now has a sameuser option in the database field
7795 Make lo_unlink take oid param, not int4
7796 New DISABLE_COMPLEX_MACRO for compilers that can't handle our macros(Bruce)
7797 Libpgtcl now handles NOTIFY as a Tcl event, need not send dummy queries(Tom)
7798 libpgtcl cleanups(Tom)
7799 Add -error option to libpgtcl's pg_result command(Tom)
7800 New locale patch, see docs/README/locale(Oleg)
7801 Fix for pg_dump so CONSTRAINT and CHECK syntax is correct(ccb)
7802 New contrib/lo code for large object orphan removal(Peter)
7803 New psql command "SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'encoding'" for multibytes
7804 feature, see /doc/README.mb(Tatsuo)
7805 contrib/noupdate code to revoke update permission on a column
7806 libpq can now be compiled on Windows(Magnus)
7807 Add PQsetdbLogin() in libpq
7808 New 8-byte integer type, checked by configure for OS support(Thomas)
7809 Better support for quoted table/column names(Thomas)
7810 Surround table and column names with double-quotes in pg_dump(Thomas)
7811 PQreset() now works with passwords(Tom)
7812 Handle case of GROUP BY target list column number out of range(David)
7813 Allow UNION in subselects
7814 Add auto-size to screen to \d? commands(Bruce)
7815 Use UNION to show all \d? results in one query(Bruce)
7816 Add \d? field search feature(Bruce)
7817 Pg_dump issues fewer \connect requests(Tom)
7818 Make pg_dump -z flag work better, document it in manual page(Tom)
7819 Add HAVING clause with full support for subselects and unions(Stephan)
7820 Full text indexing routines in contrib/fulltextindex(Maarten)
7821 Transaction ids now stored in shared memory(Vadim)
7822 New PGCLIENTENCODING when issuing COPY command(Tatsuo)
7823 Support for SQL92 syntax "SET NAMES"(Tatsuo)
7824 Support for LATIN2-5(Tatsuo)
7825 Add UNICODE regression test case(Tatsuo)
7826 Lock manager cleanup, new locking modes for LLL(Vadim)
7827 Allow index use with OR clauses(Bruce)
7828 Allows "SELECT NULL ORDER BY 1;"
7829 Explain VERBOSE prints the plan, and now pretty-prints the plan to
7830 the postmaster log file(Bruce)
7831 Add indexes display to \d command(Bruce)
7832 Allow GROUP BY on functions(David)
7833 New pg_class.relkind for large objects(Bruce)
7834 New way to send libpq NOTICE messages to a different location(Tom)
7835 New \w write command to psql(Bruce)
7836 New /contrib/findoidjoins scans oid columns to find join relationships(Bruce)
7837 Allow binary-compatible indexes to be considered when checking for valid
7838 Indexes for restriction clauses containing a constant(Thomas)
7839 New ISBN/ISSN code in /contrib/isbn_issn
7840 Allow NOT LIKE, IN, NOT IN, BETWEEN, and NOT BETWEEN constraint(Thomas)
7841 New rewrite system fixes many problems with rules and views(Jan)
7842 * Rules on relations work
7843 * Event qualifications on insert/update/delete work
7844 * New OLD variable to reference CURRENT, CURRENT will be remove in future
7845 * Update rules can reference NEW and OLD in rule qualifications/actions
7846 * Insert/update/delete rules on views work
7847 * Multiple rule actions are now supported, surrounded by parentheses
7848 * Regular users can create views/rules on tables they have RULE permits
7849 * Rules and views inherit the privileges of the creator
7850 * No rules at the column level
7851 * No UPDATE NEW/OLD rules
7852 * New pg_tables, pg_indexes, pg_rules and pg_views system views
7853 * Only a single action on SELECT rules
7854 * Total rewrite overhaul, perhaps for 6.5
7856 * handle aggregates on views
7857 * handle insert into select from view works
7858 System indexes are now multikey(Bruce)
7859 Oidint2, oidint4, and oidname types are removed(Bruce)
7860 Use system cache for more system table lookups(Bruce)
7861 New backend programming language PL/pgSQL in backend/pl(Jan)
7862 New SERIAL data type, auto-creates sequence/index(Thomas)
7863 Enable assert checking without a recompile(Massimo)
7864 User lock enhancements(Massimo)
7865 New setval() command to set sequence value(Massimo)
7866 Auto-remove unix socket file on start-up if no postmaster running(Massimo)
7867 Conditional trace package(Massimo)
7868 New UNLISTEN command(Massimo)
7869 psql and libpq now compile under Windows using win32.mak(Magnus)
7870 Lo_read no longer stores trailing NULL(Bruce)
7871 Identifiers are now truncated to 31 characters internally(Bruce)
7872 Createuser options now availble on the command line
7873 Code for 64-bit integer supported added, configure tested, int8 type(Thomas)
7874 Prevent file descriptor leaf from failed COPY(Bruce)
7875 New pg_upgrade command(Bruce)
7876 Updated /contrib directories(Massimo)
7877 New CREATE TABLE DEFAULT VALUES statement available(Thomas)
7878 New INSERT INTO TABLE DEFAULT VALUES statement available(Thomas)
7879 New DECLARE and FETCH feature(Thomas)
7880 libpq's internal structures now not exported(Tom)
7881 Allow up to 8 key indexes(Bruce)
7882 Remove ARCHIVE key word, that is no longer used(Thomas)
7883 pg_dump -n flag to supress quotes around indentifiers
7884 disable system columns for views(Jan)
7885 new INET and CIDR types for network addresses(TomH, Paul)
7886 no more double quotes in psql output
7887 pg_dump now dumps views(Terry)
7888 new SET QUERY_LIMIT(Tatsuo,Jan)
7892 /contrib cleanup(Jun)
7893 Inline some small functions called for every row(Bruce)
7896 Multibyte regression tests(Soonmyung.)
7897 Remove --disabled options from configure
7898 Define PGDOC to use POSTGRESDIR by default
7899 Make regression optional
7900 Remove extra braces code to pgindent(Bruce)
7901 Add bsdi shared library support(Bruce)
7902 New --without-CXX support configure option(Brook)
7904 Update backend flowchart in tools/backend(Bruce)
7905 Change atttypmod from int16 to int32(Bruce, Tom)
7906 Getrusage() fix for platforms that do not have it(Tom)
7907 Add PQconnectdb, PGUSER, PGPASSWORD to libpq man page
7908 NS32K platform fixes(Phil Nelson, John Buller)
7909 SCO 7/UnixWare 2.x fixes(Billy,others)
7910 Sparc/Solaris 2.5 fixes(Ryan)
7911 Pgbuiltin.3 is obsolete, move to doc files(Thomas)
7912 Even more documention(Thomas)
7913 Nextstep support(Jacek)
7915 pginterface manual page(Bruce)
7916 shared libraries all have version numbers
7917 merged all OS-specific shared library defines into one file
7918 smarter TCL/TK configuration checking(Billy)
7919 smarter perl configuration(Brook)
7920 configure uses supplied install-sh if no install script found(Tom)
7921 new Makefile.shlib for shared library configuration(Tom)
7927 <sect1 id="release-6-3-2">
7928 <title>Release 6.3.2</title>
7931 <title>Release date</title>
7932 <simpara>1998-04-07</simpara>
7936 This is a bug-fix release for 6.3.x.
7937 Refer to the release notes for version 6.3 for a more complete summary of new features.
7945 Repairs automatic configuration support for some platforms, including Linux,
7946 from breakage inadvertently introduced in version 6.3.1.
7952 Correctly handles function calls on the left side of BETWEEN and LIKE clauses.
7959 A dump/restore is NOT required for those running 6.3 or 6.3.1. A
7960 <literal>make distclean</>, <literal>make</>, and <literal>make install</> is all that is required.
7961 This last step should be performed while the postmaster is not running.
7962 You should re-link any custom applications that use <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> libraries.
7965 For upgrades from pre-6.3 installations,
7966 refer to the installation and migration instructions for version 6.3.
7970 <title>Changes</title>
7974 Configure detection improvements for tcl/tk(Brook Milligan, Alvin)
7975 Manual page improvements(Bruce)
7976 BETWEEN and LIKE fix(Thomas)
7977 fix for psql \connect used by pg_dump(Oliver Elphick)
7979 pgaccess, version 0.86
7980 qsort removed, now uses libc version, cleanups(Jeroen)
7981 fix for buffer over-runs detected(Maurice Gittens)
7982 fix for buffer overrun in libpgtcl(Randy Kunkee)
7983 fix for UNION with DISTINCT or ORDER BY(Bruce)
7984 gettimeofday configure check(Doug Winterburn)
7985 Fix "indexes not used" bug(Vadim)
7986 docs additions(Thomas)
7987 Fix for backend memory leak(Bruce)
7988 libreadline cleanup(Erwan MAS)
7989 Remove DISTDIR(Bruce)
7990 Makefile dependency cleanup(Jeroen van Vianen)
7997 <sect1 id="release-6-3-1">
7998 <title>Release 6.3.1</title>
8001 <title>Release date</title>
8002 <simpara>1998-03-23</simpara>
8011 Additional support for multibyte character sets.
8017 Repair byte ordering for mixed-endian clients and servers.
8023 Minor updates to allowed SQL syntax.
8029 Improvements to the configuration autodetection for installation.
8036 A dump/restore is NOT required for those running 6.3. A
8037 <literal>make distclean</>, <literal>make</>, and <literal>make install</> is all that is required.
8038 This last step should be performed while the postmaster is not running.
8039 You should re-link any custom applications that use <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> libraries.
8042 For upgrades from pre-6.3 installations,
8043 refer to the installation and migration instructions for version 6.3.
8047 <title>Changes</title>
8051 ecpg cleanup/fixes, now version 1.1(Michael Meskes)
8052 pg_user cleanup(Bruce)
8053 large object fix for pg_dump and tclsh (alvin)
8054 LIKE fix for multiple adjacent underscores
8055 fix for redefining builtin functions(Thomas)
8057 upgrade to pg_access 0.83
8058 updated CLUSTER manual page
8059 multibyte character set support, see doc/README.mb(Tatsuo)
8060 configure --with-pgport fix
8062 big-endian fix for backend communications(Kataoka)
8063 SUBSTR() and substring() fix(Jan)
8064 several jdbc fixes(Peter)
8065 libpgtcl improvements, see libptcl/README(Randy Kunkee)
8066 Fix for "Datasize = 0" error(Vadim)
8067 Prevent \do from wrapping(Bruce)
8068 Remove duplicate Russian character set entries
8070 Allow optional TABLE key word in LOCK and SELECT INTO(Thomas)
8071 CREATE SEQUENCE options to allow a negative integer(Thomas)
8072 Add "PASSWORD" as an allowed column identifier(Thomas)
8073 Add checks for UNION target fields(Bruce)
8074 Fix Alpha port(Dwayne Bailey)
8075 Fix for text arrays containing quotes(Doug Gibson)
8076 Solaris compile fix(Albert Chin-A-Young)
8077 Better identify tcl and tk libs and includes(Bruce)
8083 <sect1 id="release-6-3">
8084 <title>Release 6.3</title>
8087 <title>Release date</title>
8088 <simpara>1998-03-01</simpara>
8092 There are <emphasis>many</emphasis> new features and improvements in this release.
8093 Here is a brief, incomplete summary:
8098 Many new SQL features, including
8099 full <acronym>SQL92</acronym> subselect capability
8100 (everything is here but target-list subselects).
8106 Support for client-side environment variables to specify time zone and date style.
8112 Socket interface for client/server connection. This is the default now
8113 so you may need to start <application>postmaster</application> with the
8114 <option>-i</option> flag.
8120 Better password authorization mechanisms. Default table privileges have changed.
8126 Old-style <firstterm>time travel</firstterm>
8127 has been removed. Performance has been improved.
8135 Bruce Momjian wrote the following notes to introduce the new release.
8140 There are some general 6.3 issues that I want to mention. These are
8141 only the big items that can not be described in one sentence. A review
8142 of the detailed changes list is still needed.
8145 First, we now have subselects. Now that we have them, I would like to
8146 mention that without subselects, SQL is a very limited language.
8147 Subselects are a major feature, and you should review your code for
8148 places where subselects provide a better solution for your queries. I
8149 think you will find that there are more uses for subselects than you may
8150 think. Vadim has put us on the big SQL map with subselects, and fully
8151 functional ones too. The only thing you can't do with subselects is to
8152 use them in the target list.
8155 Second, 6.3 uses Unix domain sockets rather than TCP/IP by default. To
8156 enable connections from other machines, you have to use the new
8157 postmaster -i option, and of course edit <filename>pg_hba.conf</filename>. Also, for this
8158 reason, the format of <filename>pg_hba.conf</filename> has changed.
8161 Third, <type>char()</type> fields will now allow faster access than <type>varchar()</type> or
8162 <type>text</type>. Specifically, the <type>text</> and <type>varchar()</type> have a penalty for access to
8163 any columns after the first column of this type. <type>char()</type> used to also
8164 have this access penalty, but it no longer does. This may suggest that
8165 you redesign some of your tables, especially if you have short character
8166 columns that you have defined as <type>varchar()</type> or <type>text</type>. This and other
8167 changes make 6.3 even faster than earlier releases.
8170 We now have passwords definable independent of any Unix file. There are
8171 new SQL USER commands.
8172 See the <citetitle>Administrator's Guide</citetitle> for more
8173 information. There is a new table, pg_shadow, which is used to store
8174 user information and user passwords, and it by default only SELECT-able
8175 by the <systemitem>postgres</systemitem> super-user. pg_user is now a view of pg_shadow, and is
8176 SELECT-able by PUBLIC. You should keep using pg_user in your
8177 application without changes.
8180 User-created tables now no longer have SELECT privilege to PUBLIC by
8181 default. This was done because the ANSI standard requires it. You can
8182 of course GRANT any privileges you want after the table is created.
8183 System tables continue to be SELECT-able by PUBLIC.
8186 We also have real deadlock detection code. No more sixty-second
8187 timeouts. And the new locking code implements a <acronym>FIFO</acronym> better, so there
8188 should be less resource starvation during heavy use.
8191 Many complaints have been made about inadequate documentation in previous
8192 releases. Thomas has put much effort into many new manuals for this
8193 release. Check out the doc/ directory.
8196 For performance reasons, time travel is gone, but can be implemented
8197 using triggers (see <filename>pgsql/contrib/spi/README</filename>). Please check out the new
8198 \d command for types, operators, etc. Also, views have their own
8199 privileges now, not based on the underlying tables, so privileges on
8200 them have to be set separately. Check <filename>/pgsql/interfaces</filename> for some new
8201 ways to talk to <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>.
8204 This is the first release that really required an explanation for
8205 existing users. In many ways, this was necessary because the new
8206 release removes many limitations, and the work-arounds people were using
8207 are no longer needed.
8211 <title>Migration to version 6.3</title>
8214 A dump/restore using <application>pg_dump</application>
8215 or <application>pg_dumpall</application>
8216 is required for those wishing to migrate data from any
8217 previous release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>.
8222 <title>Changes</title>
8228 Fix binary cursors broken by MOVE implementation(Vadim)
8229 Fix for tcl library crash(Jan)
8230 Fix for array handling, from Gerhard Hintermayer
8231 Fix acl error, and remove duplicate pqtrace(Bruce)
8232 Fix psql \e for empty file(Bruce)
8233 Fix for textcat on varchar() fields(Bruce)
8234 Fix for DBT Sendproc (Zeugswetter Andres)
8235 Fix vacuum analyze syntax problem(Bruce)
8236 Fix for international identifiers(Tatsuo)
8237 Fix aggregates on inherited tables(Bruce)
8238 Fix substr() for out-of-bounds data
8239 Fix for select 1=1 or 2=2, select 1=1 and 2=2, and select sum(2+2)(Bruce)
8240 Fix notty output to show status result. -q option still turns it off(Bruce)
8241 Fix for count(*), aggs with views and multiple tables and sum(3)(Bruce)
8243 Fix for PQtrace start/stop several times(Bruce)
8244 Fix a variety of locking problems like newer lock waiters getting
8245 lock before older waiters, and having readlock people not share
8246 locks if a writer is waiting for a lock, and waiting writers not
8247 getting priority over waiting readers(Bruce)
8248 Fix crashes in psql when executing queries from external files(James)
8249 Fix problem with multiple order by columns, with the first one having
8251 Use correct hash table support functions for float8 and int4(Thomas)
8252 Re-enable JOIN= option in CREATE OPERATOR statement (Thomas)
8253 Change precedence for boolean operators to match expected behavior(Thomas)
8254 Generate elog(ERROR) on over-large integer(Bruce)
8255 Allow multiple-argument functions in constraint clauses(Thomas)
8256 Check boolean input literals for 'true','false','yes','no','1','0'
8257 and throw elog(ERROR) if unrecognized(Thomas)
8258 Major large objects fix
8259 Fix for GROUP BY showing duplicates(Vadim)
8260 Fix for index scans in MergeJion(Vadim)
8264 Subselects with EXISTS, IN, ALL, ANY key words (Vadim, Bruce, Thomas)
8265 New User Manual(Thomas, others)
8266 Speedup by inlining some frequently-called functions
8267 Real deadlock detection, no more timeouts(Bruce)
8268 Add SQL92 "constants" CURRENT_DATE, CURRENT_TIME, CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
8269 CURRENT_USER(Thomas)
8270 Modify constraint syntax to be SQL92-compliant(Thomas)
8271 Implement SQL92 PRIMARY KEY and UNIQUE clauses using indexes(Thomas)
8272 Recognize SQL92 syntax for FOREIGN KEY. Throw elog notice(Thomas)
8273 Allow NOT NULL UNIQUE constraint clause (each allowed separately before)(Thomas)
8274 Allow PostgreSQL-style casting ("::") of non-constants(Thomas)
8275 Add support for SQL3 TRUE and FALSE boolean constants(Thomas)
8276 Support SQL92 syntax for IS TRUE/IS FALSE/IS NOT TRUE/IS NOT FALSE(Thomas)
8277 Allow shorter strings for boolean literals (e.g. "t", "tr", "tru")(Thomas)
8278 Allow SQL92 delimited identifiers(Thomas)
8279 Implement SQL92 binary and hexadecimal string decoding (b'10' and x'1F')(Thomas)
8280 Support SQL92 syntax for type coercion of literal strings
8281 (e.g. "DATETIME 'now'")(Thomas)
8282 Add conversions for int2, int4, and OID types to and from text(Thomas)
8283 Use shared lock when building indexes(Vadim)
8284 Free memory allocated for an user query inside transaction block after
8285 this query is done, was turned off in <= 6.2.1(Vadim)
8286 New SQL statement CREATE PROCEDURAL LANGUAGE(Jan)
8287 New <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> Procedural Language (PL) backend interface(Jan)
8288 Rename pg_dump -H option to -h(Bruce)
8289 Add Java support for passwords, European dates(Peter)
8290 Use indexes for LIKE and ~, !~ operations(Bruce)
8291 Add hash functions for datetime and timespan(Thomas)
8292 Time Travel removed(Vadim, Bruce)
8293 Add paging for \d and \z, and fix \i(Bruce)
8294 Add Unix domain socket support to backend and to frontend library(Goran)
8295 Implement CREATE DATABASE/WITH LOCATION and initlocation utility(Thomas)
8296 Allow more SQL92 and/or <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> reserved words as column identifiers(Thomas)
8297 Augment support for SQL92 SET TIME ZONE...(Thomas)
8298 SET/SHOW/RESET TIME ZONE uses TZ backend environment variable(Thomas)
8299 Implement SET keyword = DEFAULT and SET TIME ZONE DEFAULT(Thomas)
8300 Enable SET TIME ZONE using TZ environment variable(Thomas)
8301 Add PGDATESTYLE environment variable to frontend and backend initialization(Thomas)
8302 Add PGTZ, PGCOSTHEAP, PGCOSTINDEX, PGRPLANS, PGGEQO
8303 frontend library initialization environment variables(Thomas)
8304 Regression tests time zone automatically set with "setenv PGTZ PST8PDT"(Thomas)
8305 Add pg_description table for info on tables, columns, operators, types, and
8307 Increase 16 char limit on system table/index names to 32 characters(Bruce)
8308 Rename system indexes(Bruce)
8309 Add 'GERMAN' option to SET DATESTYLE(Thomas)
8310 Define an "ISO-style" timespan output format with "hh:mm:ss" fields(Thomas)
8311 Allow fractional values for delta times (e.g. '2.5 days')(Thomas)
8312 Validate numeric input more carefully for delta times(Thomas)
8313 Implement day of year as possible input to date_part()(Thomas)
8314 Define timespan_finite() and text_timespan() functions(Thomas)
8315 Remove archive stuff(Bruce)
8316 Allow for a pg_password authentication database that is separate from
8317 the system password file(Todd)
8318 Dump ACLs, GRANT, REVOKE privileges(Matt)
8319 Define text, varchar, and bpchar string length functions(Thomas)
8320 Fix Query handling for inheritance, and cost computations(Bruce)
8321 Implement CREATE TABLE/AS SELECT (alternative to SELECT/INTO)(Thomas)
8322 Allow NOT, IS NULL, IS NOT NULL in constraints(Thomas)
8323 Implement UNIONs for SELECT(Bruce)
8324 Add UNION, GROUP, DISTINCT to INSERT(Bruce)
8325 varchar() stores only necessary bytes on disk(Bruce)
8326 Fix for BLOBs(Peter)
8327 Mega-Patch for JDBC...see README_6.3 for list of changes(Peter)
8328 Remove unused "option" from PQconnectdb()
8329 New LOCK command and lock manual page describing deadlocks(Bruce)
8330 Add new psql \da, \dd, \df, \do, \dS, and \dT commands(Bruce)
8331 Enhance psql \z to show sequences(Bruce)
8332 Show NOT NULL and DEFAULT in psql \d table(Bruce)
8333 New psql .psqlrc file start-up(Andrew)
8334 Modify sample start-up script in contrib/linux to show syslog(Thomas)
8335 New types for IP and MAC addresses in contrib/ip_and_mac(TomH)
8336 Unix system time conversions with date/time types in contrib/unixdate(Thomas)
8337 Update of contrib stuff(Massimo)
8338 Add Unix socket support to DBD::Pg(Goran)
8339 New python interface (PyGreSQL 2.0)(D'Arcy)
8340 New frontend/backend protocol has a version number, network byte order(Phil)
8341 Security features in pg_hba.conf enhanced and documented, many cleanups(Phil)
8342 CHAR() now faster access than VARCHAR() or TEXT
8343 ecpg embedded SQL preprocessor
8344 Reduce system column overhead(Vadmin)
8345 Remove pg_time table(Vadim)
8346 Add pg_type attribute to identify types that need length (bpchar, varchar)
8347 Add report of offending line when COPY command fails
8348 Allow VIEW privileges to be set separately from the underlying tables.
8349 For security, use GRANT/REVOKE on views as appropriate(Jan)
8350 Tables now have no default GRANT SELECT TO PUBLIC. You must
8351 explicitly grant such privileges.
8352 Clean up tutorial examples(Darren)
8356 Add new html development tools, and flow chart in /tools/backend
8357 Fix for SCO compiles
8358 Stratus computer port Robert Gillies
8359 Added support for shlib for BSD44_derived & i386_solaris
8360 Make configure more automated(Brook)
8361 Add script to check regression test results
8362 Break parser functions into smaller files, group together(Bruce)
8363 Rename heap_create to heap_create_and_catalog, rename heap_creatr
8364 to heap_create()(Bruce)
8365 Sparc/Linux patch for locking(TomS)
8366 Remove PORTNAME and reorganize port-specific stuff(Marc)
8367 Add optimizer README file(Bruce)
8368 Remove some recursion in optimizer and clean up some code there(Bruce)
8369 Fix for NetBSD locking(Henry)
8370 Fix for libptcl make(Tatsuo)
8372 Change IS TRUE, IS FALSE, ... to expressions using "=" rather than
8373 function calls to istrue() or isfalse() to allow optimization(Thomas)
8374 Various fixes NetBSD/Sparc related(TomH)
8375 Alpha linux locking(Travis,Ryan)
8376 Change elog(WARN) to elog(ERROR)(Bruce)
8377 FAQ for FreeBSD(Marc)
8378 Bring in the PostODBC source tree as part of our standard distribution(Marc)
8379 A minor patch for HP/UX 10 vs 9(Stan)
8380 New pg_attribute.atttypmod for type-specific info like varchar length(Bruce)
8381 UnixWare patches(Billy)
8382 New i386 'lock' for spinlock asm(Billy)
8383 Support for multiplexed backends is removed
8384 Start an OpenBSD port
8387 Add string functions to regression suite(Thomas)
8388 Expand a few function names formerly truncated to 16 characters(Thomas)
8389 Remove un-needed malloc() calls and replace with palloc()(Bruce)
8395 <sect1 id="release-6-2-1">
8396 <title>Release 6.2.1</title>
8399 <title>Release date</title>
8400 <simpara>1997-10-17</simpara>
8404 6.2.1 is a bug-fix and usability release on 6.2.
8412 Allow strings to span lines, per <acronym>SQL92</acronym>.
8418 Include example trigger function for inserting user names on table updates.
8425 This is a minor bug-fix release on 6.2.
8426 For upgrades from pre-6.2 systems, a full dump/reload is required.
8427 Refer to the 6.2 release notes for instructions.
8431 <title>Migration from version 6.2 to version 6.2.1</title>
8434 This is a minor bug-fix release. A dump/reload is not required from version 6.2,
8435 but is required from any release prior to 6.2.
8438 In upgrading from version 6.2, if you choose to dump/reload you will find that
8439 avg(money) is now calculated correctly. All other bug fixes take effect
8440 upon updating the executables.
8443 Another way to avoid dump/reload is to use the following SQL command
8444 from <command>psql</command> to update the existing system table:
8447 update pg_aggregate set aggfinalfn = 'cash_div_flt8'
8448 where aggname = 'avg' and aggbasetype = 790;
8452 This will need to be done to every existing database, including template1.
8457 <title>Changes</title>
8461 Allow TIME and TYPE column names(Thomas)
8462 Allow larger range of true/false as boolean values(Thomas)
8463 Support output of "now" and "current"(Thomas)
8464 Handle DEFAULT with INSERT of NULL properly(Vadim)
8465 Fix for relation reference counts problem in buffer manager(Vadim)
8466 Allow strings to span lines, like ANSI(Thomas)
8467 Fix for backward cursor with ORDER BY(Vadim)
8468 Fix avg(cash) computation(Thomas)
8469 Fix for specifying a column twice in ORDER/GROUP BY(Vadim)
8470 Documented new libpq function to return affected rows, PQcmdTuples(Bruce)
8471 Trigger function for inserting user names for INSERT/UPDATE(Brook Milligan)
8477 <sect1 id="release-6-2">
8478 <title>Release 6.2</title>
8481 <title>Release date</title>
8482 <simpara>1997-10-02</simpara>
8486 A dump/restore is required for those wishing to migrate data from
8487 previous releases of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>.
8491 <title>Migration from version 6.1 to version 6.2</title>
8494 This migration requires a complete dump of the 6.1 database and a
8495 restore of the database in 6.2.
8498 Note that the <command>pg_dump</command> and <command>pg_dumpall</command> utility from 6.2 should be used
8499 to dump the 6.1 database.
8504 <title>Migration from version 1.<replaceable>x</> to version 6.2</title>
8507 Those migrating from earlier 1.* releases should first upgrade to 1.09
8508 because the COPY output format was improved from the 1.02 release.
8513 <title>Changes</title>
8519 Fix problems with pg_dump for inheritance, sequences, archive tables(Bruce)
8520 Fix compile errors on overflow due to shifts, unsigned, and bad prototypes
8521 from Solaris(Diab Jerius)
8522 Fix bugs in geometric line arithmetic (bad intersection calculations)(Thomas)
8523 Check for geometric intersections at endpoints to avoid rounding ugliness(Thomas)
8524 Catch non-functional delete attempts(Vadim)
8525 Change time function names to be more consistent(Michael Reifenberg)
8526 Check for zero divides(Michael Reifenberg)
8527 Fix very old bug which made rows changed/inserted by a command
8528 visible to the command itself (so we had multiple update of
8529 updated rows, etc.)(Vadim)
8530 Fix for SELECT null, 'fail' FROM pg_am (Patrick)
8531 SELECT NULL as EMPTY_FIELD now allowed(Patrick)
8532 Remove un-needed signal stuff from contrib/pginterface
8533 Fix OR (where x != 1 or x isnull didn't return rows with x NULL) (Vadim)
8534 Fix time_cmp function (Vadim)
8535 Fix handling of functions with non-attribute first argument in
8536 WHERE clauses (Vadim)
8537 Fix GROUP BY when order of entries is different from order
8538 in target list (Vadim)
8539 Fix pg_dump for aggregates without sfunc1 (Vadim)
8543 Default genetic optimizer GEQO parameter is now 8(Bruce)
8544 Allow use parameters in target list having aggregates in functions(Vadim)
8545 Added JDBC driver as an interface(Adrian & Peter)
8547 Return number of rows inserted/affected by INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE etc.(Vadim)
8548 Triggers implemented with CREATE TRIGGER (SQL3)(Vadim)
8549 SPI (Server Programming Interface) allows execution of queries inside
8551 NOT NULL implemented (SQL92)(Robson Paniago de Miranda)
8552 Include reserved words for string handling, outer joins, and unions(Thomas)
8553 Implement extended comments ("/* ... */") using exclusive states(Thomas)
8554 Add "//" single-line comments(Bruce)
8555 Remove some restrictions on characters in operator names(Thomas)
8556 DEFAULT and CONSTRAINT for tables implemented (SQL92)(Vadim & Thomas)
8557 Add text concatenation operator and function (SQL92)(Thomas)
8558 Support WITH TIME ZONE syntax (SQL92)(Thomas)
8559 Support INTERVAL unit TO unit syntax (SQL92)(Thomas)
8560 Define types DOUBLE PRECISION, INTERVAL, CHARACTER,
8561 and CHARACTER VARYING (SQL92)(Thomas)
8562 Define type FLOAT(p) and rudimentary DECIMAL(p,s), NUMERIC(p,s) (SQL92)(Thomas)
8563 Define EXTRACT(), POSITION(), SUBSTRING(), and TRIM() (SQL92)(Thomas)
8564 Define CURRENT_DATE, CURRENT_TIME, CURRENT_TIMESTAMP (SQL92)(Thomas)
8565 Add syntax and warnings for UNION, HAVING, INNER and OUTER JOIN (SQL92)(Thomas)
8566 Add more reserved words, mostly for SQL92 compliance(Thomas)
8567 Allow hh:mm:ss time entry for timespan/reltime types(Thomas)
8568 Add center() routines for lseg, path, polygon(Thomas)
8569 Add distance() routines for circle-polygon, polygon-polygon(Thomas)
8570 Check explicitly for points and polygons contained within polygons
8571 using an axis-crossing algorithm(Thomas)
8572 Add routine to convert circle-box(Thomas)
8573 Merge conflicting operators for different geometric data types(Thomas)
8574 Replace distance operator "<===>" with "<->"(Thomas)
8575 Replace "above" operator "!^" with ">^" and "below" operator "!|" with "<^"(Thomas)
8576 Add routines for text trimming on both ends, substring, and string position(Thomas)
8577 Added conversion routines circle(box) and poly(circle)(Thomas)
8578 Allow internal sorts to be stored in memory rather than in files(Bruce & Vadim)
8579 Allow functions and operators on internally-identical types to succeed(Bruce)
8580 Speed up backend start-up after profiling analysis(Bruce)
8581 Inline frequently called functions for performance(Bruce)
8582 Reduce open() calls(Bruce)
8583 psql: Add PAGER for \h and \?,\C fix
8584 Fix for psql pager when no tty(Bruce)
8585 New entab utility(Bruce)
8586 General trigger functions for referential integrity (Vadim)
8587 General trigger functions for time travel (Vadim)
8588 General trigger functions for AUTOINCREMENT/IDENTITY feature (Vadim)
8589 MOVE implementation (Vadim)
8593 HP-UX 10 patches (Vladimir Turin)
8594 Added SCO support, (Daniel Harris)
8595 MkLinux patches (Tatsuo Ishii)
8596 Change geometric box terminology from "length" to "width"(Thomas)
8597 Deprecate temporary unstored slope fields in geometric code(Thomas)
8598 Remove restart instructions from INSTALL(Bruce)
8599 Look in /usr/ucb first for install(Bruce)
8600 Fix c++ copy example code(Thomas)
8601 Add -o to psql manual page(Bruce)
8602 Prevent relname unallocated string length from being copied into database(Bruce)
8603 Cleanup for NAMEDATALEN use(Bruce)
8604 Fix pg_proc names over 15 chars in output(Bruce)
8605 Add strNcpy() function(Bruce)
8606 remove some (void) casts that are unnecessary(Bruce)
8607 new interfaces directory(Marc)
8608 Replace fopen() calls with calls to fd.c functions(Bruce)
8609 Make functions static where possible(Bruce)
8610 enclose unused functions in #ifdef NOT_USED(Bruce)
8611 Remove call to difftime() in timestamp support to fix SunOS(Bruce & Thomas)
8612 Changes for Digital Unix
8613 Portability fix for pg_dumpall(Bruce)
8614 Rename pg_attribute.attnvals to attdispersion(Bruce)
8615 "intro/unix" manual page now "pgintro"(Bruce)
8616 "built-in" manual page now "pgbuiltin"(Bruce)
8617 "drop" manual page now "drop_table"(Bruce)
8618 Add "create_trigger", "drop_trigger" manual pages(Thomas)
8619 Add constraints regression test(Vadim & Thomas)
8620 Add comments syntax regression test(Thomas)
8621 Add PGINDENT and support program(Bruce)
8622 Massive commit to run PGINDENT on all *.c and *.h files(Bruce)
8623 Files moved to /src/tools directory(Bruce)
8624 SPI and Trigger programming guides (Vadim & D'Arcy)
8630 <sect1 id="release-6-1-1">
8631 <title>Release 6.1.1</title>
8634 <title>Release date</title>
8635 <simpara>1997-07-22</simpara>
8639 <title>Migration from version 6.1 to version 6.1.1</title>
8642 This is a minor bug-fix release. A dump/reload is not required from version 6.1,
8643 but is required from any release prior to 6.1.
8644 Refer to the release notes for 6.1 for more details.
8649 <title>Changes</title>
8653 fix for SET with options (Thomas)
8654 allow pg_dump/pg_dumpall to preserve ownership of all tables/objects(Bruce)
8655 new psql \connect option allows changing usernames without changing databases
8656 fix for initdb --debug option(Yoshihiko Ichikawa))
8657 lextest cleanup(Bruce)
8659 fix date/time month boundary arithmetic(Thomas)
8660 fix timezone daylight handling for some ports(Thomas, Bruce, Tatsuo)
8661 timestamp overhauled to use standard functions(Thomas)
8662 other code cleanup in date/time routines(Thomas)
8663 psql's \d now case-insensitive(Bruce)
8664 psql's backslash commands can now have trailing semicolon(Bruce)
8665 fix memory leak in psql when using \g(Bruce)
8666 major fix for endian handling of communication to server(Thomas, Tatsuo)
8667 Fix for Solaris assembler and include files(Yoshihiko Ichikawa)
8668 allow underscores in usernames(Bruce)
8669 pg_dumpall now returns proper status, portability fix(Bruce)
8675 <sect1 id="release-6-1">
8676 <title>Release 6.1</title>
8679 <title>Release date</title>
8680 <simpara>1997-06-08</simpara>
8684 The regression tests have been adapted and extensively modified for the
8685 6.1 release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>.
8689 Three new data types (<type>datetime</type>, <type>timespan</type>, and <type>circle</type>) have been added to
8690 the native set of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> types. Points, boxes, paths, and polygons
8691 have had their output formats made consistent across the data types.
8692 The polygon output in misc.out has only been spot-checked for correctness
8693 relative to the original regression output.
8697 <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> 6.1 introduces a new, alternate
8698 optimizer which uses <firstterm>genetic</firstterm>
8699 algorithms. These algorithms introduce a random behavior in the ordering
8700 of query results when the query contains multiple qualifiers or multiple
8701 tables (giving the optimizer a choice on order of evaluation). Several
8702 regression tests have been modified to explicitly order the results, and
8703 hence are insensitive to optimizer choices. A few regression tests are
8704 for data types which are inherently unordered (e.g. points and time
8705 intervals) and tests involving those types are explicitly bracketed with
8706 <command>set geqo to 'off'</command> and <command>reset geqo</command>.
8710 The interpretation of array specifiers (the curly braces around atomic
8711 values) appears to have changed sometime after the original regression
8712 tests were generated. The current <filename>./expected/*.out</filename> files reflect this
8713 new interpretation, which may not be correct!
8717 The float8 regression test fails on at least some platforms. This is due
8718 to differences in implementations of <function>pow()</function> and <function>exp()</function> and the signaling
8719 mechanisms used for overflow and underflow conditions.
8723 The <quote>random</> results in the random test should cause the
8724 <quote>random</quote> test to be <quote>failed</quote>, since the
8725 regression tests are evaluated using a simple diff. However,
8726 <quote>random</> does not seem to produce random results on my test
8727 machine (Linux/<application>gcc</>/i686).
8731 <title>Migration to version 6.1</title>
8734 This migration requires a complete dump of the 6.0 database and a
8735 restore of the database in 6.1.
8738 Those migrating from earlier 1.* releases should first upgrade to 1.09
8739 because the COPY output format was improved from the 1.02 release.
8744 <title>Changes</title>
8750 packet length checking in library routines
8751 lock manager priority patch
8752 check for under/over flow of float8(Bruce)
8753 multitable join fix(Vadim)
8754 SIGPIPE crash fix(Darren)
8755 large object fixes(Sven)
8756 allow btree indexes to handle NULLs(Vadim)
8757 timezone fixes(D'Arcy)
8758 select SUM(x) can return NULL on no rows(Thomas)
8759 internal optimizer, executor bug fixes(Vadim)
8760 fix problem where inner loop in < or <= has no rows(Vadim)
8761 prevent re-commuting join index clauses(Vadim)
8762 fix join clauses for multiple tables(Vadim)
8763 fix hash, hashjoin for arrays(Vadim)
8764 fix btree for abstime type(Vadim)
8765 large object fixes(Raymond)
8766 fix buffer leak in hash indexes (Vadim)
8767 fix rtree for use in inner scan (Vadim)
8768 fix gist for use in inner scan, cleanups (Vadim, Andrea)
8769 avoid unnecessary local buffers allocation (Vadim, Massimo)
8770 fix local buffers leak in transaction aborts (Vadim)
8771 fix file manager memmory leaks, cleanups (Vadim, Massimo)
8772 fix storage manager memmory leaks (Vadim)
8773 fix btree duplicates handling (Vadim)
8774 fix deleted rows reincarnation caused by vacuum (Vadim)
8775 fix SELECT varchar()/char() INTO TABLE made zero-length fields(Bruce)
8776 many psql, pg_dump, and libpq memory leaks fixed using Purify (Igor)
8780 attribute optimization statistics(Bruce)
8781 much faster new btree bulk load code(Paul)
8782 BTREE UNIQUE added to bulk load code(Vadim)
8783 new lock debug code(Massimo)
8784 massive changes to libpg++(Leo)
8785 new GEQO optimizer speeds table multitable optimization(Martin)
8786 new WARN message for non-unique insert into unique key(Marc)
8787 update x=-3, no spaces, now valid(Bruce)
8788 remove case-sensitive identifier handling(Bruce,Thomas,Dan)
8789 debug backend now pretty-prints tree(Darren)
8790 new Oracle character functions(Edmund)
8791 new plaintext password functions(Dan)
8792 no such class or insufficient privilege changed to distinct messages(Dan)
8793 new ANSI timestamp function(Dan)
8794 new ANSI Time and Date types (Thomas)
8795 move large chunks of data in backend(Martin)
8796 multicolumn btree indexes(Vadim)
8797 new SET var TO value command(Martin)
8798 update transaction status on reads(Dan)
8799 new locale settings for character types(Oleg)
8800 new SEQUENCE serial number generator(Vadim)
8801 GROUP BY function now possible(Vadim)
8802 re-organize regression test(Thomas,Marc)
8803 new optimizer operation weights(Vadim)
8804 new psql \z grant/permit option(Marc)
8805 new MONEY data type(D'Arcy,Thomas)
8806 tcp socket communication speed improved(Vadim)
8807 new VACUUM option for attribute statistics, and for certain columns (Vadim)
8808 many geometric type improvements(Thomas,Keith)
8809 additional regression tests(Thomas)
8810 new datestyle variable(Thomas,Vadim,Martin)
8811 more comparison operators for sorting types(Thomas)
8812 new conversion functions(Thomas)
8813 new more compact btree format(Vadim)
8814 allow pg_dumpall to preserve database ownership(Bruce)
8815 new SET GEQO=# and R_PLANS variable(Vadim)
8816 old (!GEQO) optimizer can use right-sided plans (Vadim)
8817 typechecking improvement in SQL parser(Bruce)
8818 new SET, SHOW, RESET commands(Thomas,Vadim)
8819 new \connect database USER option
8820 new destroydb -i option (Igor)
8821 new \dt and \di psql commands (Darren)
8822 SELECT "\n" now escapes newline (A. Duursma)
8823 new geometry conversion functions from old format (Thomas)
8827 new configuration script(Marc)
8828 readline configuration option added(Marc)
8829 OS-specific configuration options removed(Marc)
8830 new OS-specific template files(Marc)
8831 no more need to edit Makefile.global(Marc)
8832 re-arrange include files(Marc)
8833 nextstep patches (Gregor Hoffleit)
8834 removed Windows-specific code(Bruce)
8835 removed postmaster -e option, now only postgres -e option (Bruce)
8836 merge duplicate library code in front/backends(Martin)
8837 now works with eBones, international Kerberos(Jun)
8838 more shared library support
8839 c++ include file cleanup(Bruce)
8840 warn about buggy flex(Bruce)
8841 DG/UX, Ultrix, IRIX, AIX portability fixes
8847 <sect1 id="release-6-0">
8848 <title>Release 6.0</title>
8851 <title>Release date</title>
8852 <simpara>1997-01-29</simpara>
8856 A dump/restore is required for those wishing to migrate data from
8857 previous releases of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>.
8861 <title>Migration from version 1.09 to version 6.0</title>
8864 This migration requires a complete dump of the 1.09 database and a
8865 restore of the database in 6.0.
8870 <title>Migration from pre-1.09 to version 6.0</title>
8873 Those migrating from earlier 1.* releases should first upgrade to 1.09
8874 because the COPY output format was improved from the 1.02 release.
8879 <title>Changes</title>
8885 ALTER TABLE bug - running postgress process needs to re-read table definition
8886 Allow vacuum to be run on one table or entire database(Bruce)
8888 Fix array over-runs of memory writes(Kurt)
8889 Fix elusive btree range/non-range bug(Dan)
8890 Fix for hash indexes on some types like time and date
8891 Fix for pg_log size explosion
8892 Fix permissions on lo_export()(Bruce)
8893 Fix unitialized reads of memory(Kurt)
8894 Fixed ALTER TABLE ... char(3) bug(Bruce)
8895 Fixed a few small memory leaks
8896 Fixed EXPLAIN handling of options and changed full_path option name
8897 Fixed output of group acl privileges
8898 Memory leaks (hunt and destroy with tools like Purify(Kurt)
8899 Minor improvements to rules system
8901 New asserts for run-checking
8902 Overhauled parser/analyze code to properly report errors and increase speed
8903 Pg_dump -d now handles NULL's properly(Bruce)
8904 Prevent SELECT NULL from crashing server (Bruce)
8905 Properly report errors when INSERT ... SELECT columns did not match
8906 Properly report errors when insert column names were not correct
8907 psql \g filename now works(Bruce)
8908 psql fixed problem with multiple statements on one line with multiple outputs
8909 Removed duplicate system OIDs
8910 SELECT * INTO TABLE . GROUP/ORDER BY gives unlink error if table exists(Bruce)
8911 Several fixes for queries that crashed the backend
8912 Starting quote in insert string errors(Bruce)
8913 Submitting an empty query now returns empty status, not just " " query(Bruce)
8917 Add EXPLAIN manual page(Bruce)
8918 Add UNIQUE index capability(Dan)
8919 Add hostname/user level access control rather than just hostname and user
8920 Add synonym of != for <>(Bruce)
8921 Allow "select oid,* from table"
8922 Allow BY,ORDER BY to specify columns by number, or by non-alias table.column(Bruce)
8923 Allow COPY from the frontend(Bryan)
8924 Allow GROUP BY to use alias column name(Bruce)
8925 Allow actual compression, not just reuse on the same page(Vadim)
8926 Allow installation-configuration option to auto-add all local users(Bryan)
8927 Allow libpq to distinguish between text value '' and null(Bruce)
8928 Allow non-postgres users with createdb privs to destroydb's
8929 Allow restriction on who can create C functions(Bryan)
8930 Allow restriction on who can do backend COPY(Bryan)
8931 Can shrink tables, pg_time and pg_log(Vadim & Erich)
8932 Change debug level 2 to print queries only, changed debug heading layout(Bruce)
8933 Change default decimal constant representation from float4 to float8(Bruce)
8934 European date format now set when postmaster is started
8935 Execute lowercase function names if not found with exact case
8936 Fixes for aggregate/GROUP processing, allow 'select sum(func(x),sum(x+y) from z'
8937 Gist now included in the distrubution(Marc)
8938 Idend authentication of local users(Bryan)
8939 Implement BETWEEN qualifier(Bruce)
8940 Implement IN qualifier(Bruce)
8941 libpq has PQgetisnull()(Bruce)
8942 libpq++ improvements
8943 New options to initdb(Bryan)
8944 Pg_dump allow dump of OIDs(Bruce)
8945 Pg_dump create indexes after tables are loaded for speed(Bruce)
8946 Pg_dumpall dumps all databases, and the user table
8947 Pginterface additions for NULL values(Bruce)
8948 Prevent postmaster from being run as root
8949 psql \h and \? is now readable(Bruce)
8950 psql allow backslashed, semicolons anywhere on the line(Bruce)
8951 psql changed command prompt for lines in query or in quotes(Bruce)
8952 psql char(3) now displays as (bp)char in \d output(Bruce)
8953 psql return code now more accurate(Bryan?)
8954 psql updated help syntax(Bruce)
8955 Re-visit and fix vacuum(Vadim)
8956 Reduce size of regression diffs, remove timezone name difference(Bruce)
8957 Remove compile-time parameters to enable binary distributions(Bryan)
8958 Reverse meaning of HBA masks(Bryan)
8959 Secure Authentication of local users(Bryan)
8960 Speed up vacuum(Vadim)
8961 Vacuum now had VERBOSE option(Bruce)
8965 All functions now have prototypes that are compared against the calls
8966 Allow asserts to be disabled easly from Makefile.global(Bruce)
8967 Change oid constants used in code to #define names
8968 Decoupled sparc and solaris defines(Kurt)
8969 Gcc -Wall compiles cleanly with warnings only from unfixable constructs
8970 Major include file reorganization/reduction(Marc)
8971 Make now stops on compile failure(Bryan)
8972 Makefile restructuring(Bryan, Marc)
8973 Merge bsdi_2_1 to bsdi(Bruce)
8974 Monitor program removed
8975 Name change from Postgres95 to PostgreSQL
8976 New config.h file(Marc, Bryan)
8977 PG_VERSION now set to 6.0 and used by postmaster
8978 Portability additions, including Ultrix, DG/UX, AIX, and Solaris
8979 Reduced the number of #define's, centeralized #define's
8980 Remove duplicate OIDS in system tables(Dan)
8981 Remove duplicate system catalog info or report mismatches(Dan)
8982 Removed many os-specific #define's
8983 Restructured object file generation/location(Bryan, Marc)
8984 Restructured port-specific file locations(Bryan, Marc)
8985 Unused/uninialized variables corrected
8991 <sect1 id="release-1-09">
8992 <title>Release 1.09</title>
8995 <title>Release date</title>
8996 <simpara>1996-11-04</simpara>
9000 Sorry, we didn't keep track of changes from 1.02 to 1.09. Some of
9001 the changes listed in 6.0 were actually included in the 1.02.1 to 1.09
9006 <sect1 id="release-1-02">
9007 <title>Release 1.02</title>
9010 <title>Release date</title>
9011 <simpara>1996-08-01</simpara>
9015 <title>Migration from version 1.02 to version 1.02.1</title>
9018 Here is a new migration file for 1.02.1. It includes the 'copy' change
9019 and a script to convert old <acronym>ASCII</acronym> files.
9023 The following notes are for the benefit of users who want to migrate
9024 databases from <productname>Postgres95</> 1.01 and 1.02 to <productname>Postgres95</> 1.02.1.
9027 If you are starting afresh with <productname>Postgres95</> 1.02.1 and do not need
9028 to migrate old databases, you do not need to read any further.
9033 In order to upgrade older <productname>Postgres95</> version 1.01 or 1.02 databases to
9034 version 1.02.1, the following steps are required:
9039 Start up a new 1.02.1 postmaster
9044 Add the new built-in functions and operators of 1.02.1 to 1.01 or 1.02
9045 databases. This is done by running the new 1.02.1 server against
9046 your own 1.01 or 1.02 database and applying the queries attached at
9047 the end of the file. This can be done easily through <command>psql</>. If your
9048 1.01 or 1.02 database is named <literal>testdb</literal> and you have cut the commands
9049 from the end of this file and saved them in <filename>addfunc.sql</filename>:
9051 % psql testdb -f addfunc.sql
9054 Those upgrading 1.02 databases will get a warning when executing the
9055 last two statements in the file because they are already present in 1.02. This is
9056 not a cause for concern.
9063 <title>Dump/Reload Procedure</title>
9066 If you are trying to reload a pg_dump or text-mode, <literal>copy tablename to
9067 stdout</literal> generated with a previous version, you will need to run the
9068 attached <command>sed</command> script on the ASCII file before loading it into the
9069 database. The old format used '.' as end-of-data, while '\.' is now the
9070 end-of-data marker. Also, empty strings are now loaded in as '' rather
9071 than NULL. See the copy manual page for full details.
9074 sed 's/^\.$/\\./g' <in_file >out_file
9078 If you are loading an older binary copy or non-<systemitem>stdout</> copy, there is no
9079 end-of-data character, and hence no conversion necessary.
9082 -- following lines added by agc to reflect the case-insensitive
9083 -- regexp searching for varchar (in 1.02), and bpchar (in 1.02.1)
9084 create operator ~* (leftarg = bpchar, rightarg = text, procedure = texticregexeq);
9085 create operator !~* (leftarg = bpchar, rightarg = text, procedure = texticregexne);
9086 create operator ~* (leftarg = varchar, rightarg = text, procedure = texticregexeq);
9087 create operator !~* (leftarg = varchar, rightarg = text, procedure = texticregexne);
9093 <title>Changes</title>
9097 Source code maintenance and development
9098 * worldwide team of volunteers
9099 * the source tree now in CVS at ftp.ki.net
9102 * psql (and underlying libpq library) now has many more options for
9103 formatting output, including HTML
9104 * pg_dump now output the schema and/or the data, with many fixes to
9105 enhance completeness.
9106 * psql used in place of monitor in administration shell scripts.
9107 monitor to be deprecated in next release.
9108 * date/time functions enhanced
9109 * NULL insert/update/comparison fixed/enhanced
9110 * TCL/TK lib and shell fixed to work with both tck7.4/tk4.0 and tcl7.5/tk4.1
9112 Bug Fixes (almost too numerous to mention)
9114 * storage management
9115 * check for NULL pointer before dereferencing
9119 * added SolarisX86 port
9120 * added BSD/OS 2.1 port
9125 Contributors (appologies to any missed)
9126 * Kurt J. Lidl <lidl@va.pubnix.com>
9127 (missed in first run, but no less important)
9128 * Erich Stamberger <eberger@gewi.kfunigraz.ac.at>
9129 * Jason Wright <jason@shiloh.vnet.net>
9130 * Cees de Groot <C.deGroot@inter.NL.net>
9131 * ernst.molitor@uni-bonn.de
9132 * michael.siebenborn@ae3.Hypo.DE (Michael Siebenborn (6929))
9133 * Brian E. Gallew <geek+@cmu.edu>
9134 * Vadim B. Mikheev <vadim@sable.krasnoyarsk.su>
9135 * Adam Sussman <myddryn@vidya.com>
9136 * Chris Dunlop <chris@onthe.net.au>
9137 * Marc G. Fournier <scrappy@ki.net>
9138 * Dan McGuirk <mcguirk@indirect.com>
9139 * Dr_George_D_Detlefsen <drgeorge@ilt.com>
9140 * Erich Stamberger <eberger@gewi.kfunigraz.ac.at>
9141 * Massimo Dal Zotto <dz@cs.unitn.it>
9142 * Randy Kunkee <kunkee@Starbase.NeoSoft.COM>
9143 * Rick Weldon <rick@wisetech.com>
9144 * Thomas van Reimersdahl <reimersd@dali.techinfo.rwth-aachen.de>
9145 * david bennett <dave@bensoft.com>
9146 * ernst.molitor@uni-bonn.de
9147 * Julian Assange <proff@suburbia.net>
9148 * Bruce Momjian <pgman@candle.pha.pa.us>
9149 * Paul "Shag" Walmsley <ccshag@cclabs.missouri.edu>
9150 * "Alistair G. Crooks" <azcb0@sde.uts.amdahl.com>
9155 <sect1 id="release-1-01">
9156 <title>Release 1.01</title>
9159 <title>Release date</title>
9160 <simpara>1996-02-23</simpara>
9165 <title>Migration from version 1.0 to version 1.01</title>
9168 The following notes are for the benefit of users who want to migrate
9169 databases from <productname>Postgres95</> 1.0 to <productname>Postgres95</> 1.01.
9172 If you are starting afresh with <productname>Postgres95</> 1.01 and do not need
9173 to migrate old databases, you do not need to read any further.
9176 In order to <productname>Postgres95</> version 1.01 with databases created with
9177 <productname>Postgres95</> version 1.0, the following steps are required:
9182 Set the definition of <symbol>NAMEDATALEN</symbol> in <filename>src/Makefile.global</filename> to 16
9183 and <symbol>OIDNAMELEN</symbol> to 20.
9188 Decide whether you want to use Host based authentication.
9193 If you do, you must create a file name <literal>pg_hba</literal> in your top-level data
9194 directory (typically the value of your <envar>$PGDATA</envar>). <filename>src/libpq/pg_hba</filename>
9195 shows an example syntax.
9200 If you do not want host-based authentication, you can comment out
9205 in <filename>src/Makefile.global</filename>
9208 Note that host-based authentication is turned on by default, and if
9209 you do not take steps A or B above, the out-of-the-box 1.01 will
9210 not allow you to connect to 1.0 databases.
9218 Compile and install 1.01, but DO NOT do the <command>initdb</command> step.
9223 Before doing anything else, terminate your 1.0 postmaster, and
9224 backup your existing <envar>$PGDATA</envar> directory.
9229 Set your <envar>PGDATA</envar> environment variable to your 1.0 databases, but set up
9230 path up so that 1.01 binaries are being used.
9235 Modify the file <filename><envar>$PGDATA</envar>/PG_VERSION</filename> from 5.0 to 5.1
9240 Start up a new 1.01 postmaster
9245 Add the new built-in functions and operators of 1.01 to 1.0
9246 databases. This is done by running the new 1.01 server against
9247 your own 1.0 database and applying the queries attached and saving
9248 in the file 1.0_to_1.01.sql. This can be done easily through <command>psql</command>.
9249 If your 1.0 database is name <literal>testdb</literal>:
9252 % psql testdb -f 1.0_to_1.01.sql
9255 and then execute the following commands (cut and paste from here):
9258 -- add builtin functions that are new to 1.01
9260 create function int4eqoid (int4, oid) returns bool as 'foo'
9261 language 'internal';
9262 create function oideqint4 (oid, int4) returns bool as 'foo'
9263 language 'internal';
9264 create function char2icregexeq (char2, text) returns bool as 'foo'
9265 language 'internal';
9266 create function char2icregexne (char2, text) returns bool as 'foo'
9267 language 'internal';
9268 create function char4icregexeq (char4, text) returns bool as 'foo'
9269 language 'internal';
9270 create function char4icregexne (char4, text) returns bool as 'foo'
9271 language 'internal';
9272 create function char8icregexeq (char8, text) returns bool as 'foo'
9273 language 'internal';
9274 create function char8icregexne (char8, text) returns bool as 'foo'
9275 language 'internal';
9276 create function char16icregexeq (char16, text) returns bool as 'foo'
9277 language 'internal';
9278 create function char16icregexne (char16, text) returns bool as 'foo'
9279 language 'internal';
9280 create function texticregexeq (text, text) returns bool as 'foo'
9281 language 'internal';
9282 create function texticregexne (text, text) returns bool as 'foo'
9283 language 'internal';
9285 -- add builtin functions that are new to 1.01
9287 create operator = (leftarg = int4, rightarg = oid, procedure = int4eqoid);
9288 create operator = (leftarg = oid, rightarg = int4, procedure = oideqint4);
9289 create operator ~* (leftarg = char2, rightarg = text, procedure = char2icregexeq);
9290 create operator !~* (leftarg = char2, rightarg = text, procedure = char2icregexne);
9291 create operator ~* (leftarg = char4, rightarg = text, procedure = char4icregexeq);
9292 create operator !~* (leftarg = char4, rightarg = text, procedure = char4icregexne);
9293 create operator ~* (leftarg = char8, rightarg = text, procedure = char8icregexeq);
9294 create operator !~* (leftarg = char8, rightarg = text, procedure = char8icregexne);
9295 create operator ~* (leftarg = char16, rightarg = text, procedure = char16icregexeq);
9296 create operator !~* (leftarg = char16, rightarg = text, procedure = char16icregexne);
9297 create operator ~* (leftarg = text, rightarg = text, procedure = texticregexeq);
9298 create operator !~* (leftarg = text, rightarg = text, procedure = texticregexne);
9306 <title>Changes</title>
9311 * 1.01 is backwards compatible with 1.0 database provided the user
9312 follow the steps outlined in the MIGRATION_from_1.0_to_1.01 file.
9313 If those steps are not taken, 1.01 is not compatible with 1.0 database.
9316 * added PQdisplayTuples() to libpq and changed monitor and psql to use it
9317 * added NeXT port (requires SysVIPC implementation)
9318 * added CAST .. AS ... syntax
9319 * added ASC and DESC key words
9320 * added 'internal' as a possible language for CREATE FUNCTION
9321 internal functions are C functions which have been statically linked
9322 into the postgres backend.
9323 * a new type "name" has been added for system identifiers (table names,
9324 attribute names, etc.) This replaces the old char16 type. The
9325 of name is set by the NAMEDATALEN #define in src/Makefile.global
9326 * a readable reference manual that describes the query language.
9327 * added host-based access control. A configuration file ($PGDATA/pg_hba)
9328 is used to hold the configuration data. If host-based access control
9329 is not desired, comment out HBA=1 in src/Makefile.global.
9330 * changed regex handling to be uniform use of Henry Spencer's regex code
9331 regardless of platform. The regex code is included in the distribution
9332 * added functions and operators for case-insensitive regular expressions.
9333 The operators are ~* and !~*.
9334 * pg_dump uses COPY instead of SELECT loop for better performance
9337 * fixed an optimizer bug that was causing core dumps when
9338 functions calls were used in comparisons in the WHERE clause
9339 * changed all uses of getuid to geteuid so that effective uids are used
9340 * psql now returns non-zero status on errors when using -c
9341 * applied public patches 1-14
9347 <sect1 id="release-1-0">
9348 <title>Release 1.0</title>
9351 <title>Release date</title>
9352 <simpara>1995-09-05</simpara>
9356 <title>Changes</title>
9361 * The copyright of <productname>Postgres</productname> 1.0 has been loosened to be freely modifiable
9362 and modifiable for any purpose. Please read the COPYRIGHT file.
9363 Thanks to Professor Michael Stonebraker for making this possible.
9366 * date formats have to be MM-DD-YYYY (or DD-MM-YYYY if you're using
9367 EUROPEAN STYLE). This follows SQL-92 specs.
9368 * "delimiters" is now a key word
9371 * sql LIKE syntax has been added
9372 * copy command now takes an optional USING DELIMITER specification.
9373 delimiters can be any single-character string.
9374 * IRIX 5.3 port has been added.
9375 Thanks to Paul Walmsley and others.
9376 * updated pg_dump to work with new libpq
9377 * \d has been added psql
9378 Thanks to Keith Parks
9379 * regexp performance for architectures that use POSIX regex has been
9380 improved due to caching of precompiled patterns.
9381 Thanks to Alistair Crooks
9382 * a new version of libpq++
9383 Thanks to William Wanders
9386 * arbitrary userids can be specified in the createuser script
9387 * \c to connect to other databases in psql now works.
9388 * bad pg_proc entry for float4inc() is fixed
9389 * users with usecreatedb field set can now create databases without
9390 having to be usesuper
9391 * remove access control entries when the entry no longer has any
9393 * fixed non-portable datetimes implementation
9394 * added kerberos flags to the src/backend/Makefile
9395 * libpq now works with kerberos
9396 * typographic errors in the user manual have been corrected.
9397 * btrees with multiple index never worked, now we tell you they don't
9398 work when you try to use them
9404 <sect1 id="release-0-03">
9405 <title><productname>Postgres95</productname> Release 0.03</title>
9408 <title>Release date</title>
9409 <simpara>1995-07-21</simpara>
9413 <title>Changes</title>
9416 Incompatible changes:
9417 * BETA-0.3 IS INCOMPATIBLE WITH DATABASES CREATED WITH PREVIOUS VERSIONS
9418 (due to system catalog changes and indexing structure changes).
9419 * double-quote (") is deprecated as a quoting character for string literals;
9420 you need to convert them to single quotes ('). <!-- " -->
9421 * name of aggregates (eg. int4sum) are renamed in accordance with the
9422 SQL standard (eg. sum).
9423 * CHANGE ACL syntax is replaced by GRANT/REVOKE syntax.
9424 * float literals (eg. 3.14) are now of type float4 (instead of float8 in
9425 previous releases); you might have to do typecasting if you depend on it
9426 being of type float8. If you neglect to do the typecasting and you assign
9427 a float literal to a field of type float8, you may get incorrect values
9429 * LIBPQ has been totally revamped so that frontend applications
9430 can connect to multiple backends
9431 * the usesysid field in pg_user has been changed from int2 to int4 to
9432 allow wider range of Unix user ids.
9433 * the netbsd/freebsd/bsd o/s ports have been consolidated into a
9434 single BSD44_derived port. (thanks to Alistair Crooks)
9436 SQL standard-compliance (the following details changes that makes postgres95
9437 more compliant to the SQL-92 standard):
9438 * the following SQL types are now built-in: smallint, int(eger), float, real,
9439 char(N), varchar(N), date and time.
9441 The following are aliases to existing postgres types:
9443 integer, int -> int4
9444 float, real -> float4
9445 char(N) and varchar(N) are implemented as truncated text types. In
9446 addition, char(N) does blank-padding.
9447 * single-quote (') is used for quoting string literals; '' (in addition to
9448 \') is supported as means of inserting a single quote in a string
9449 * SQL standard aggregate names (MAX, MIN, AVG, SUM, COUNT) are used
9450 (Also, aggregates can now be overloaded, i.e. you can define your
9451 own MAX aggregate to take in a user-defined type.)
9452 * CHANGE ACL removed. GRANT/REVOKE syntax added.
9453 - Privileges can be given to a group using the "GROUP" key word.
9455 GRANT SELECT ON foobar TO GROUP my_group;
9456 The key word 'PUBLIC' is also supported to mean all users.
9458 Privileges can only be granted or revoked to one user or group
9461 "WITH GRANT OPTION" is not supported. Only class owners can change
9463 - The default access control is to to grant users readonly access.
9464 You must explicitly grant insert/update access to users. To change
9465 this, modify the line in
9466 src/backend/utils/acl.h
9467 that defines ACL_WORLD_DEFAULT
9470 * the bug where aggregates of empty tables were not run has been fixed. Now,
9471 aggregates run on empty tables will return the initial conditions of the
9472 aggregates. Thus, COUNT of an empty table will now properly return 0.
9473 MAX/MIN of an empty table will return a row of value NULL.
9474 * allow the use of \; inside the monitor
9475 * the LISTEN/NOTIFY asynchronous notification mechanism now work
9476 * NOTIFY in rule action bodies now work
9477 * hash indexes work, and access methods in general should perform better.
9478 creation of large btree indexes should be much faster. (thanks to Paul
9481 Other changes and enhancements:
9482 * addition of an EXPLAIN statement used for explaining the query execution
9483 plan (eg. "EXPLAIN SELECT * FROM EMP" prints out the execution plan for
9485 * WARN and NOTICE messages no longer have timestamps on them. To turn on
9486 timestamps of error messages, uncomment the line in
9487 src/backend/utils/elog.h:
9488 /* define ELOG_TIMESTAMPS */
9489 * On an access control violation, the message
9490 "Either no such class or insufficient privilege"
9491 will be given. This is the same message that is returned when
9492 a class is not found. This dissuades non-privileged users from
9493 guessing the existence of privileged classes.
9494 * some additional system catalog changes have been made that are not
9495 visible to the user.
9498 * The -oid option has been added to the "pg_result" tcl command.
9499 pg_result -oid returns oid of the last row inserted. If the
9500 last command was not an INSERT, then pg_result -oid returns "".
9501 * the large object interface is available as pg_lo* tcl commands:
9502 pg_lo_open, pg_lo_close, pg_lo_creat, etc.
9504 Portability enhancements and New Ports:
9505 * flex/lex problems have been cleared up. Now, you should be able to use
9506 flex instead of lex on any platforms. We no longer make assumptions of
9507 what lexer you use based on the platform you use.
9508 * The Linux-ELF port is now supported. Various configuration have been
9509 tested: The following configuration is known to work:
9510 kernel 1.2.10, gcc 2.6.3, libc 4.7.2, flex 2.5.2, bison 1.24
9511 with everything in ELF format,
9514 * ipcclean added to the distribution
9515 ipcclean usually does not need to be run, but if your backend crashes
9516 and leaves shared memory segments hanging around, ipcclean will
9517 clean them up for you.
9520 * the user manual has been revised and libpq documentation added.
9526 <sect1 id="release-0-02">
9527 <title><productname>Postgres95</productname> Release 0.02</title>
9530 <title>Release date</title>
9531 <simpara>1995-05-25</simpara>
9535 <title>Changes</title>
9539 Incompatible changes:
9540 * The SQL statement for creating a database is 'CREATE DATABASE' instead
9541 of 'CREATEDB'. Similarly, dropping a database is 'DROP DATABASE' instead
9542 of 'DESTROYDB'. However, the names of the executables 'createdb' and
9543 'destroydb' remain the same.
9546 * pgperl - a Perl (4.036) interface to Postgres95
9547 * pg_dump - a utility for dumping out a postgres database into a
9548 script file containing query commands. The script files are in a ASCII
9549 format and can be used to reconstruct the database, even on other
9550 machines and other architectures. (Also good for converting
9551 a Postgres 4.2 database to Postgres95 database.)
9553 The following ports have been incorporated into postgres95-beta-0.02:
9554 * the NetBSD port by Alistair Crooks
9555 * the AIX port by Mike Tung
9556 * the Windows NT port by Jon Forrest (more stuff but not done yet)
9557 * the Linux ELF port by Brian Gallew
9559 The following bugs have been fixed in postgres95-beta-0.02:
9560 * new lines not escaped in COPY OUT and problem with COPY OUT when first
9562 * cannot type return to use the default user id in createuser
9563 * SELECT DISTINCT on big tables crashes
9564 * Linux installation problems
9565 * monitor doesn't allow use of 'localhost' as PGHOST
9566 * psql core dumps when doing \c or \l
9567 * the "pgtclsh" target missing from src/bin/pgtclsh/Makefile
9568 * libpgtcl has a hard-wired default port number
9569 * SELECT DISTINCT INTO TABLE hangs
9570 * CREATE TYPE doesn't accept 'variable' as the internallength
9571 * wrong result using more than 1 aggregate in a SELECT
9577 <sect1 id="release-0-01">
9578 <title><productname>Postgres95</productname> Release 0.01</title>
9581 <title>Release date</title>
9582 <simpara>1995-05-01</simpara>
9591 <sect1 id="timing-results">
9592 <title>Timing Results</title>
9595 These timing results are from running the regression test with the commands
9598 % cd src/test/regress
9604 Timing under Linux 2.0.27 seems to have a roughly 5% variation from run
9605 to run, presumably due to the scheduling vagaries of multitasking systems.
9609 <title>Version 6.5</title>
9612 As has been the case for previous releases, timing between
9613 releases is not directly comparable since new regression tests
9614 have been added. In general, 6.5 is faster than previous
9619 Timing with <function>fsync()</function> disabled:
9623 02:00 Dual Pentium Pro 180, 224MB, UW-SCSI, Linux 2.0.36, gcc 2.7.2.3 -O2 -m486
9624 04:38 Sparc Ultra 1 143MHz, 64MB, Solaris 2.6
9629 Timing with <function>fsync()</function> enabled:
9633 04:21 Dual Pentium Pro 180, 224MB, UW-SCSI, Linux 2.0.36, gcc 2.7.2.3 -O2 -m486
9636 For the <systemitem class="osname">Linux</systemitem> system above, using <acronym>UW-SCSI</acronym> disks rather than (older) <acronym>IDE</acronym>
9637 disks leads to a 50% improvement in speed on the regression test.
9642 <title>Version 6.4beta</title>
9645 The times for this release are not directly comparable to those for previous releases
9646 since some additional regression tests have been included.
9647 In general, however, 6.4 should be slightly faster than the previous release (thanks, Bruce!).
9652 02:26 Dual Pentium Pro 180, 96MB, UW-SCSI, Linux 2.0.30, gcc 2.7.2.1 -O2 -m486
9658 <title>Version 6.3</title>
9661 The times for this release are not directly comparable to those for previous releases
9662 since some additional regression tests have been included and some obsolete tests involving
9663 time travel have been removed.
9664 In general, however, 6.3 is substantially faster than previous releases (thanks, Bruce!).
9669 02:30 Dual Pentium Pro 180, 96MB, UW-SCSI, Linux 2.0.30, gcc 2.7.2.1 -O2 -m486
9670 04:12 Dual Pentium Pro 180, 96MB, EIDE, Linux 2.0.30, gcc 2.7.2.1 -O2 -m486
9676 <title>Version 6.1</title>
9681 06:12 Pentium Pro 180, 32MB, EIDE, Linux 2.0.30, gcc 2.7.2 -O2 -m486
9682 12:06 P-100, 48MB, Linux 2.0.29, gcc
9683 39:58 Sparc IPC 32MB, Solaris 2.5, gcc 2.7.2.1 -O -g
9691 <!-- Keep this comment at the end of the file
9696 sgml-minimize-attributes:nil
9697 sgml-always-quote-attributes:t
9700 sgml-parent-document:nil
9701 sgml-default-dtd-file:"./reference.ced"
9702 sgml-exposed-tags:nil
9703 sgml-local-catalogs:("/usr/lib/sgml/catalog")
9704 sgml-local-ecat-files:nil
projects / postgresql / blob