[icinga2] / doc / 9-icinga2-api.md

# <a id="icinga2-api"></a> Icinga 2 API

## <a id="icinga2-api-introduction"></a> Introduction

The Icinga 2 API allows you to manage configuration objects
and resources in a simple, programmatic way using HTTP requests.

The URL endpoints are logically separated allowing you to easily
make calls to

* run [actions](9-icinga2-api.md#icinga2-api-actions) (reschedule checks, etc.)
* query, create, modify and delete [config objects](9-icinga2-api.md#icinga2-api-config-objects)
* [manage configuration packages](9-icinga2-api.md#icinga2-api-config-management)
* subscribe to [event streams](9-icinga2-api.md#icinga2-api-event-streams)

This chapter will start with a general overview followed by
detailed information about specific URL endpoints.

### <a id="icinga2-api-requests"></a> Requests

Any tool capable of making HTTP requests can communicate with
the API, for example [curl](http://curl.haxx.se).

Requests are only allowed to use the HTTPS protocol so that
traffic remains encrypted.

By default the Icinga 2 API listens on port `5665` which is shared with
the cluster stack. The port can be changed by setting the `bind_port` attribute
in the [ApiListener](6-object-types.md#objecttype-apilistener)
configuration object in the `/etc/icinga2/features-available/api.conf`
file.

Supported request methods:

  Method | Usage
  -------|--------
  GET    | Retrieve information about configuration objects. Any request using the GET method is read-only and does not affect any objects.
  POST   | Update attributes of a specified configuration object.
  PUT    | Create a new object. The PUT request must include all attributes required to create a new object.
  DELETE | Remove an object created by the API. The DELETE method is idempotent and does not require any check if the object actually exists.

Each URL contains the version string as prefix (currently "/v1").

Be prepared to see additional fields being added in future versions. New fields could be added even with minor releases.
Modifications to existing fields are considered backward-compatibility-breaking and will only take place in new API versions.

The request and response bodies contain a JSON-encoded object.

### <a id="icinga2-api-http-statuses"></a> HTTP Statuses

The API will return standard [HTTP statuses](https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2616.txt)
including error codes.

When an error occurs, the response body will contain additional information
about the problem and its source.

A status code between 200 and 299 generally means that the request was
succesful.

Return codes within the 400 range indicate that there was a problem with the
request. Either you did not authenticate correctly, you are missing the authorization
for your requested action, the requested object does not exist or the request
was malformed.

A status in the range of 500 generally means that there was a server-side problem
and Icinga 2 is unable to process your request currently.


### <a id="icinga2-api-responses"></a> Responses

Succesful requests will send back a response body containing a `results`
list. Depending on the number of affected objects in your request, the
results may contain one or more entries.

The [output](9-icinga2-api.md#icinga2-api-output-format) will be sent back as a JSON object:


    {
        "results": [
            {
                "code": 200.0,
                "status": "Object was created."
            }
        ]
    }


### <a id="icinga2-api-authentication"></a> Authentication

There are two different ways for authenticating against the Icinga 2 API:

* username and password using HTTP basic auth
* X.509 certificate

In order to configure a new API user you'll need to add a new [ApiUser](6-object-types.md#objecttype-apiuser)
configuration object. In this example `root` will be the basic auth username
and the `password` attribute contains the basic auth password.

    # vim /etc/icinga2/conf.d/api-users.conf

    object ApiUser "root" {
      password = "icinga"
    }

Alternatively you can use X.509 client certificates by specifying the `client_cn`
the API should trust. The X.509 certificate has to be signed by the CA certificate
that is configured in the [ApiListener](6-object-types.md#objecttype-apilistener) object.

    # vim /etc/icinga2/conf.d/api-users.conf

    object ApiUser "api-clientcn" {
      password = "CertificateCommonName"
    }

An `ApiUser` object can have both methods configured. Sensitive information
such as the password will not be exposed through the API itself.

New installations of Icinga 2 will automatically set up a new `ApiUser`
named `root` with an auto-generated password in the `/etc/icinga2/conf.d/api-users.conf`
file.

You can manually invoke the CLI command `icinga2 api setup` which will generate
a new local CA, self-signed certificate and a new API user configuration.

Once the API user is configured make sure to restart Icinga 2:

    # service icinga2 restart

You can test authentication by sending a GET request to the API:

    $ curl -u root:icinga -k -s 'https://localhost:5665/v1'

In case you get an error message make sure to check the API user credentials.


### <a id="icinga2-api-permissions"></a> Permissions

By default an API user does not have any permissions to perform
actions on the [URL endpoints](9-icinga2-api.md#icinga2-api-url-endpoints).

Permissions for API users must be specified in the `permissions` attribute
as array. The array items can be a list of permission strings with wildcard
matches.

Example for an API user with all permissions:

    permissions = [ "*" ]

A yet more sophisticated approach is to specify additional permissions
and their filters. The latter must be defined as [lamdba function](20-language-reference.md#nullary-lambdas)
returning a boolean expression.

The `permission` attribute contains the action and the specific capitalized
object type name. Instead of the type name it is also possible to use a wildcard
match.

The following example allows the API user to query all hosts and services with
the custom host attribute `os` matching the regular expression `^Linux`.

    permissions = [
      {
        permission = "objects/query/Host"
        filter = {{ regex("^Linux", host.vars.os)  }}
      },
      {
        permission = "objects/query/Service"
        filter = {{ regex("^Linux", host.vars.os)  }}
      },
    ]


Available permissions for specific URL endpoints:

  Permissions                   | URL Endpoint
  ------------------------------|---------------
  actions/&lt;action&gt;        | /v1/actions
  config/query                  | /v1/config
  config/modify                 | /v1/config
  objects/query/&lt;type&gt;    | /v1/objects
  objects/create/&lt;type&gt;   | /v1/objects
  objects/modify/&lt;type&gt;   | /v1/objects
  objects/delete/&lt;type&gt;   | /v1/objects
  status/query                  | /v1/status
  events/&lt;type&gt;           | /v1/events

The required actions or types can be replaced by using a wildcard match ("*").


### <a id="icinga2-api-parameters"></a> Parameters

Depending on the request method there are two ways of
passing parameters to the request:

* JSON body (`POST`, `PUT`)
* Query string (`GET`, `DELETE`)

Reserved characters by the HTTP protocol must be passed url-encoded as query string, e.g. a
space becomes `%20`.

Example for a query string:

    /v1/objects/hosts?filter=match(%22nbmif*%22,host.name)&attrs=host.name&attrs=host.state

Example for a JSON body:

    { "attrs": { "address": "8.8.4.4", "vars.os" : "Windows" } }


#### <a id="icinga2-api-filters"></a> Filters

Uses the same syntax as apply rule expressions for filtering specific objects.

Example for a filter matching all services in NOT-OK state:

    https://localhost:5665/v1/objects/services?filter=service.state!=ServiceOK

Example for a filter matching all hosts by name (**Note**: `"` are url-encoded as `%22`):

    https://localhost:5665/v1/objects/hosts?filter=match(%22nbmif*%22,host.name)

### <a id="icinga2-api-url-endpoints"></a> URL Endpoints

The Icinga 2 API provides multiple URL endpoints:

  URL Endpoints | Description
  --------------|--------------
  /v1/actions   | Endpoint for running specific [API actions](9-icinga2-api.md#icinga2-api-actions).
  /v1/events    | Endpoint for subscribing to [API events](9-icinga2-api.md#icinga2-api-actions).
  /v1/status    | Endpoint for receiving the global Icinga 2 [status and statistics](9-icinga2-api.md#icinga2-api-status).
  /v1/objects   | Endpoint for querying, creating, modifying and deleting [config objects](9-icinga2-api.md#icinga2-api-config-objects).
  /v1/types     | Endpoint for listing Icinga 2 configuration object types and their attributes.
  /v1/config    | Endpoint for [managing configuration modules](9-icinga2-api.md#icinga2-api-config-management).

Please check the respective sections for detailed URL information and parameters.

## <a id="icinga2-api-actions"></a> Actions

There are several actions available for Icinga 2 provided by the `actions`
URL endpoint `/v1/actions`. You can run actions by sending a `POST` request.

In case you have been using the [external commands](5-advanced-topics.md#external-commands)
in the past, the API actions provide a similar interface with filter
capabilities for some of the more common targets which do not directly change
the configuration.

Some actions require specific target types (e.g. `type=Host`) and a
[filter expression](9-icinga2-api.md#icinga2-api-filters).
For each object matching the filter the action in question is performed once.

These parameters may either be passed as an URL query string (e.g. url/actions/action-name?list=of&parameters)
or as key-value pairs in a JSON-formatted payload or a mix of both.

All actions return a 200 `OK` or an appropriate error code for each
action performed on each object matching the supplied filter.

### <a id="icinga2-api-actions-process-check-result"></a> process-check-result

Send a `POST` request to the URL endpoint `/v1/actions/process-check-result`.

  Parameter         | Type         | Description
  ------------------|--------------|--------------
  type              | string       | **Required.** `Host` or `Service`.
  filter            | string       | **Optional.** Apply the action only to objects matching the [filter](9-icinga2-api#icinga2-api-filters).
  exit\_status      | integer      | **Required.** For services: 0=OK, 1=WARNING, 2=CRITICAL, 3=UNKNOWN, for hosts: 0=OK, 1=CRITICAL.
  plugin\_output    | string       | **Required.** The plugins main output, i.e. the text before the `|`. Does **not** contain the perfomance data.
  performance\_data | string array | **Optional.** One array entry per `;` separated block.
  check\_command    | string array | **Optional.** The first entry should be the check commands path, then one entry for each command line option followed by an entry for each of its argument.
  check\_source     | string       | **Optional.** Usually the name of the `command_endpoint`

This is used to submit a passive check result for a service or host. Passive
checks need to be enabled for the check result to be processed.

Example:

    $ curl -u root:icinga -k -X POST "https://localhost:5665/v1/actions/process-check-result?type=Service&filter=service.name==%22ping6%22" -d \
    "{\"exit_status\":2,\"plugin_output\":\"IMAGINARY CHECK\",\"performance_data\":[\"This is just\", \"a drill\"],\"check_command\":[\"some/path\", \"--argument\", \"words\"]}" \
    ;echo
    {"results":
      [
        {
          "code":200.0,"status":"Successfully processed check result for object icinga!ping6."
        }
      ]
    }

### <a id="icinga2-api-actions-reschedule-check"></a> reschedule-check

Send a `POST` request to the URL endpoint `/v1/actions/reschedule-check`.

  Parameter    | Type      | Description
  -------------|-----------|--------------
  type         | string    | **Required.** `Host` or `Service`.
  filter       | string    | **Optional.** Apply the action only to objects matching the [filter](9-icinga2-api#icinga2-api-filters).
  next\_check  | timestamp | **Optional.** The next check will be run at this timestamp. Defaults to `now`.
  force\_check | boolean   | **Optional.** Defaults to `false`. See blow for further information.

If the `forced_check` flag is set the checks are performed regardless of what
time it is (i.e. time period restrictions are ignored) and whether or not active
checks are enabled on a host/service-specific or program-wide basis.

Example:

    $ curl -u root:icinga -k -X POST "https://localhost:5665/v1/actions/reschedule-check?type=Service&filter=service.name==%22ping6%22" -d \
    "{\"force_check\":true}"

    {"results":
      [
        {
          "code":200.0,"status":"Successfully rescheduled check for icinga!ping6."
        }
      ]
    }

This will reschedule all services with the name "ping6" to perform a check now
(`next_check` default), ignoring any time periods or whether active checks are
allowed for the service (`force_check=true`).

### <a id="icinga2-api-actions-send-custom-notification"></a> send-custom-notification

Send a `POST` request to the URL endpoint `/v1/actions/send-custom-notification`.

  Parameter | Type    | Description
  ----------|---------|--------------
  type      | string  | **Required.** `Host` or `Service`.
  filter    | string  | **Optional.** Apply the action only to objects matching the [filter](9-icinga2-api#icinga2-api-filters).
  author    | string  | **Required.** Name of the author, may be empty.
  comment   | string  | **Required.** Comment text, may be empty.
  force     | boolean | **Optional.** Default: false. If true, the notification is sent regardless of downtimes or whether notifications are enabled or not.

### <a id="icinga2-api-actions-delay-notification"></a> delay-notification

Send a `POST` request to the URL endpoint `/v1/actions/delay-notification`.

  Parameter | Type      | Description
  ----------|-----------|--------------
  type      | string    | **Required.** `Host` or `Service`.
  filter    | string    | **Optional.** Apply the action only to objects matching the [filter](9-icinga2-api#icinga2-api-filters).
  timestamp | timestamp | **Required.** Delay notifications until this timestamp.

Note that this will only have an effect if the service stays in the same problem
state that it is currently in. If the service changes to another state, a new
notification may go out before the time you specify in the `timestamp` argument.

### <a id="icinga2-api-actions-acknowledge-problem"></a> acknowledge-problem

Send a `POST` request to the URL endpoint `/v1/actions/acknowledge-problem`.

  Parameter | Type      | Description
  ----------|-----------|--------------
  type      | string     | **Required.** `Host` or `Service`.
  filter    | string    | **Optional.** Apply the action only to objects matching the [filter](9-icinga2-api#icinga2-api-filters).
  author    | string    | **Required.** Name of the author, may be empty.
  comment   | string    | **Required.** Comment text, may be empty.
  expiry    | timestamp | **Optional.** If set the acknowledgement will vanish after this timestamp.
  sticky    | boolean   | **Optional.** If `true`, the default, the acknowledgement will remain until the service or host fully recovers.
  notify    | boolean   | **Optional.** If `true` a notification will be sent out to contacts to indicate this problem has been acknowledged. The default is false.

Allows you to acknowledge the current problem for hosts or services. By
acknowledging the current problem, future notifications (for the same state)
are disabled.

The following example acknowledges all services which are in a hard critical state and sends out
a notification for them:

    $ curl -u root:icinga -k -X POST "https://localhost:5665/v1/actions/acknowledge-problem?type=Service&filter=service.state==2&service.state_type=1" -d \
    "{\"author\":\"J. D. Salinger\",\"comment\":\"I thought what I'd do was I'd pretend I was one of those deaf-mutes\",\"notify\":true }"

    {"results":
      [
        {"code":200.0,"name":"icinga!down","status":"Attributes updated.","type":"Service"},
        {"code":200.0,"name":"icinga!ssh","status":"Attributes updated.","type":"Service"}
      ]
    }

### <a id="icinga2-api-actions-remove-acknowledgement"></a> remove-acknowledgement

Send a `POST` request to the URL endpoint `/v1/actions/remove-acknowledgement`.

  parameter | type   | description
  ----------|--------|--------------
  type      | string | **Required.** `Host` or `Service`.
  filter    | string | **Optional.** Apply the action only to objects matching the [filter](9-icinga2-api#icinga2-api-filters).

Remove the acknowledgements for services or hosts. Once the acknowledgement has
been removed notifications will be sent out again.

### <a id="icinga2-api-actions-add-comment"></a> add-comment

Send a `POST` request to the URL endpoint `/v1/actions/add-comment`.

  parameter | type   | description
  ----------|--------|--------------
  type      | string | **Required.** `Host` or `Service`.
  filter    | string | **Optional.** Apply the action only to objects matching the [filter](9-icinga2-api#icinga2-api-filters).
  author    | string | **Required.** name of the author, may be empty.
  comment   | string | **Required.** Comment text, may be empty.

Adds a `comment` by `author` to services or hosts.

### <a id="icinga2-api-actions-remove-all-comments"></a> remove-all-comments

Send a `POST` request to the URL endpoint `/v1/actions/remove-all-comments`.

  parameter   | type    | description
  ------------|---------|--------------
  type        | string  | **Required.** `Host` or `Service`.
  filter      | string  | **Optional.** Apply the action only to objects matching the [filter](9-icinga2-api#icinga2-api-filters).

Removes all comments for services or hosts.

### <a id="icinga2-api-actions-remove-comment-by-id"></a> remove-comment-by-id

Send a `POST` request to the URL endpoint `/v1/actions/remove-comment-by-id`.

  parameter   | type    | description
  ------------|---------|--------------
  comment\_id | integer | **Required.** ID of the comment to remove.

Does not support a target type or filters.

Tries to remove the comment with the ID `comment_id`, returns `OK` if the
comment did not exist.
**Note**: This is **not** the legacy ID but the comment ID returned by Icinga 2 itself.

### <a id="icinga2-api-actions-schedule-downtime"></a> schedule-downtime

Send a `POST` request to the URL endpoint `/v1/actions/schedule-downtime`.

  parameter   | type      | description
  ------------|-----------|--------------
  type        | string    | **Required.** `Host` or `Service`.
  filter      | string    | **Optional.** Apply the action only to objects matching the [filter](9-icinga2-api#icinga2-api-filters).
  start\_time | timestamp | **Required.** Timestamp marking the begining of the downtime.
  end\_time   | timestamp | **Required.** Timestamp marking the end of the downtime.
  duration    | integer   | **Required.** Duration of the downtime in seconds if `fixed` is set to false.
  fixed       | boolean   | **Optional.** Defaults to `false`. If true the downtime is `fixed` otherwise `flexible`. See [downtimes](5-advanced-topics.md#Downtimes) for more information.
  trigger\_id | integer   | **Optional.** Sets the trigger for a triggered downtime. See [downtimes](5-advanced-topics.md#Downtimes) for more information on triggered downtimes.

Example:

    $ curl -u root:icinga -k -X POST "https://localhost:5665/v1/actions/schedule-downtime?type=Host&filter=host.name=%22icinga2b%22" -d \
    "{\"start_time\":`date "+%s"`, \"end_time\":`date --date="next monday" "+%s"`,\"duration\":0,\"author\":\"Lazy admin\",\"comment\":\"Don't care until next monday\"}"

    { "results":
      [
        {
          "code":200.0,
          "downtime_id":"icinga2b-1445861488-1",
          "legacy_id":39.0,
          "status":"Successfully scheduled downtime with id 39 for object icinga2b."
        }
      ]
    }


### <a id="icinga2-api-actions-remove-downtime"></a> remove-downtime

Send a `POST` request to the URL endpoint `/v1/actions/remove-all-downtimes`.

  parameter | type   | description
  ----------|--------|--------------
  type      | string | **Required.** `Host` or `Service`.
  filter    | string | **Optional.** Apply the action only to objects matching the [filter](9-icinga2-api#icinga2-api-filters).

Removes all downtimes for services or hosts.

### <a id="icinga2-api-actions-remove-downtime-by-id"></a> remove-downtime-by-id

Send a `POST` request to the URL endpoint `/v1/actions/remove-downtime-by-id`.

  parameter    | type    | description
  -------------|---------|--------------
  downtime\_id | integer | **Required.** ID of the downtime to remove.

Does not support a target type or filter.

Tries to remove the downtime with the ID `downtime_id`, returns `OK` if the
downtime did not exist.
**Note**: This is **not** the legacy ID but the downtime ID returned by Icinga 2 itself.

### <a id="icinga2-api-actions-shutdown-process"></a> shutdown-process

Send a `POST` request to the URL endpoint `/v1/actions/shutdown-process`.

This action does not support a target type or filter.

Shuts down Icinga2. May or may not return.

### <a id="icinga2-api-actions-restart-process"></a> restart-process

Send a `POST` request to the URL endpoint `/v1/actions/restart-process`.

This action does not support a target type or filter.

Restarts Icinga2. May or may not return.


## <a id="icinga2-api-event-streams"></a> Event Streams

You can subscribe to event streams by sending a `POST` request to the URL endpoint `/v1/events`.
The following parameters need to be passed as URL parameters:

  Parameters | Description
  -----------|--------------
  types      | **Required.** Event type(s). Multiple types as URL parameters are supported.
  queue      | **Required.** Unique queue name. Multiple HTTP clients can use the same queue with existing filters.
  filter     | **Optional.** Filter for specific event attributes using [filter expressions](9-icinga2-api.md#icinga2-api-filters).


### <a id="icinga2-api-event-streams-types"></a> Event Stream Types

The following event stream types are available:

  Type                   | Description
  -----------------------|--------------
  CheckResult            | Check results for hosts and services.
  StateChange            | Host/service state changes.
  Notification           | Notification events including notified users for hosts and services.
  AcknowledgementSet     | Acknowledgement set on hosts and services.
  AcknowledgementCleared | Acknowledgement cleared on hosts and services.
  CommentAdded           | Comment added for hosts and services.
  CommentRemoved         | Comment removed for hosts and services.
  DowntimeAdded          | Downtime added for hosts and services.
  DowntimeRemoved        | Downtime removed for hosts and services.
  DowntimeTriggered      | Downtime triggered for hosts and services.

Note: Each type requires [api permissions](9-icinga2-api.md#icinga2-api-permissions)
being set.

Example for all downtime events:

    &types=DowntimeAdded&types=DowntimeRemoved&types=DowntimeTriggered


### <a id="icinga2-api-event-streams-filter"></a> Event Stream Filter

Event streams can be filtered by attributes using the prefix `event.`.

Example for the `CheckResult` type with the `exit_code` set to `2`:

    &types=CheckResult&filter=event.check_result.exit_status==2

Example for the `CheckResult` type with the service matching the string "random":

    &types=CheckResult&filter=match%28%22random*%22,event.service%29


### <a id="icinga2-api-event-streams-response"></a> Event Stream Response

The event stream response is separated with new lines. The HTTP client
must support long-polling and HTTP/1.1. HTTP/1.0 is not supported.

Example:

    $ curl -k -s -u root:icinga -X POST 'https://localhost:5665/v1/events?queue=michi&types=CheckResult&filter=event.check_result.exit_status==2'

    {"check_result":{ ... },"host":"www.icinga.org","service":"ping4","timestamp":1445421319.7226390839,"type":"CheckResult"}
    {"check_result":{ ... },"host":"www.icinga.org","service":"ping4","timestamp":1445421324.7226390839,"type":"CheckResult"}
    {"check_result":{ ... },"host":"www.icinga.org","service":"ping4","timestamp":1445421329.7226390839,"type":"CheckResult"}


## <a id="icinga2-api-status"></a> Status and Statistics

Send a `POST` request to the URL endpoint `/v1/status` for retrieving the
global status and statistics.

Contains a list of sub URL endpoints which provide the status and statistics
of available and enabled features. Any filters are ignored.

Example for the main URL endpoint `/v1/status`:

    $ curl -k -s -u root:icinga 'https://localhost:5665/v1/status' | python -m json.tool
    {
        "results": [
            {
                "name": "ApiListener",
                "perfdata": [ ... ],
                "status": [ ... ]
            },
            ...
            {
                "name": "IcingaAplication",
                "perfdata": [ ... ],
                "status": [ ... ]
            },
            ...
        ]
    }

`/v1/status` is always available as virtual status URL endpoint.
It provides all feature status information in a collected overview.

Example for the icinga application URL endpoint `/v1/status/IcingaApplication`:

    $ curl -k -s -u root:icinga 'https://localhost:5665/v1/status/IcingaApplication' | python -m json.tool
    {
        "results": [
            {
                "perfdata": [],
                "status": {
                    "icingaapplication": {
                        "app": {
                            "enable_event_handlers": true,
                            "enable_flapping": true,
                            "enable_host_checks": true,
                            "enable_notifications": true,
                            "enable_perfdata": true,
                            "enable_service_checks": true,
                            "node_name": "icinga.org",
                            "pid": 59819.0,
                            "program_start": 1443019345.093372,
                            "version": "v2.3.0-573-g380a131"
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        ]
    }


## <a id="icinga2-api-config-objects"></a> Config Objects

Provides functionality for all configuration object URL endpoints
provided by [config object types](6-object-types.md#object-types):

  URL Endpoints                    | Description
  ---------------------------------|--------------
  /v1/objects/hosts                | Endpoint for retrieving and updating [Host](6-object-types.md#objecttype-host) objects.
  /v1/objects/services             | Endpoint for retrieving and updating [Service](6-object-types.md#objecttype-service) objects.
  /v1/objects/notifications        | Endpoint for retrieving and updating [Notification](6-object-types.md#objecttype-notification) objects.
  /v1/objects/dependencies         | Endpoint for retrieving and updating [Dependency](6-object-types.md#objecttype-dependency) objects.
  /v1/objects/users                | Endpoint for retrieving and updating [User](6-object-types.md#objecttype-user) objects.
  /v1/objects/checkcommands        | Endpoint for retrieving and updating [CheckCommand](6-object-types.md#objecttype-checkcommand) objects.
  /v1/objects/eventcommands        | Endpoint for retrieving and updating [EventCommand](6-object-types.md#objecttype-eventcommand) objects.
  /v1/objects/notificationcommands | Endpoint for retrieving and updating [NotificationCommand](6-object-types.md#objecttype-notificationcommand) objects.
  /v1/objects/hostgroups           | Endpoint for retrieving and updating [HostGroup](6-object-types.md#objecttype-hostgroup) objects.
  /v1/objects/servicegroups        | Endpoint for retrieving and updating [ServiceGroup](6-object-types.md#objecttype-servicegroup) objects.
  /v1/objects/usergroups           | Endpoint for retrieving and updating [UserGroup](6-object-types.md#objecttype-usergroup) objects.
  /v1/objects/zones                | Endpoint for retrieving and updating [Zone](6-object-types.md#objecttype-zone) objects.
  /v1/objects/endpoints            | Endpoint for retrieving and updating [Endpoint](6-object-types.md#objecttype-endpoint) objects.
  /v1/objects/timeperiods          | Endpoint for retrieving and updating [TimePeriod](6-object-types.md#objecttype-timeperiod) objects.

All object attributes are prefixed with their respective object type.

Example:

    host.address

Output listing and url parameters use the same syntax.


### <a id="icinga2-api-config-objects-joins"></a> API Objects and Joins

Icinga 2 knows about object relations, i.e. when querying a service object
the query handler will automatically add the referenced host object and its
attributes to the result set. If the object reference is null (e.g. when no
event\_command is defined), the joined results not added to the result set.

**Note**: Select your required attributes beforehand by passing them to your
request. The default result set might get huge.

Each joined object will use its own attribute name as prefix for the attribute.
There is an exception for multiple objects used in dependencies and zones.

Objects with optional relations (e.g. host notifications without a service)
will not be joined.

  Object Type  | Object Relations (prefix name)
  -------------|---------------------------------
  Service      | host, notification, check\_command, event\_command
  Host         | notification, check\_command, event\_command
  Notification | host, service, command, period
  Dependency   | child\_host, child\_service, parent\_host, parent\_service, period
  User         | period
  Zones        | parent


### <a id="icinga2-api-config-objects-cluster-sync"></a> API Objects and Cluster Config Sync

Newly created or updated objects can be synced throughout your
Icinga 2 cluster. Set the `zone` attribute to the zone this object
belongs to and let the API and cluster handle the rest.
Objects without zone attribute are only synced in the same (HA) zone.

> **Note**
>
> Cluster nodes must accept configuration for creating, modifying
> and deleting objects. Ensure that `accept_config` is set to `true`
> in the [ApiListener](6-object-types.md#objecttype-apilistener) object
> on each node.

If you add a new cluster instance, or boot an instance which has been offline
for a while, Icinga 2 takes care of the initial object sync for all objects
created by the API.

More information about distributed monitoring, cluster and its
configuration can be found [here](13-distributed-monitoring-ha.md#distributed-monitoring-high-availability).


### <a id="icinga2-api-config-objects-list"></a> List All Objects

Send a `GET` request to `/v1/objects/hosts` to list all host objects and
their attributes.

    $ curl -u root:icinga -k -s 'https://localhost:5665/v1/objects/hosts'

This works in a similar fashion for other [config objects](9-icinga2-api.md#icinga2-api-config-objects).


#### <a id="icinga2-api-objects-create"></a> Create New Config Object

New objects must be created by sending a PUT request. The following
parameters need to be passed inside the JSON body:

  Parameters | Description
  -----------|--------------
  name       | **Required.** Name of the newly created config object.
  templates  | **Optional.** Import existing configuration templates for this object type.
  attrs      | **Required.** Set specific object attributes for this [object type](6-object-types.md#object-types).


If attributes are of the Dictionary type, you can also use the indexer format:

    "attrs": { "vars.os": "Linux" }

Example fo creating the new host object `google.com`:

    $ curl -u root:icinga -k -s 'https://localhost:5665/v1/objects/hosts/google.com' \
    -X PUT \
    -d '{ "templates": [ "generic-host" ], "attrs": { "address": "8.8.8.8", "check_command": "hostalive", "vars.os" : "Linux" } }' \
    | python -m json.tool
    {
        "results": [
            {
                "code": 200.0,
                "status": "Object was created."
            }
        ]
    }

**Note**: Host objects require the `check_command` attribute.

If the configuration validation fails, the new object will not be created and the response body
contains a detailed error message. The following example omits the `check_command` attribute required
by the host object.

    $ curl -u root:icinga -k -s 'https://localhost:5665/v1/objects/hosts/google.com' \
    -X PUT \
    -d '{ "attrs": { "address": "8.8.8.8", "vars.os" : "Linux" } }' \
    | python -m json.tool
    {
        "results": [
            {
                "code": 500.0,
                "errors": [
                    "Error: Validation failed for object 'google.com' of type 'Host'; Attribute 'check_command': Attribute must not be empty."
                ],
                "status": "Object could not be created."
            }
        ]
    }


#### <a id="icinga2-api-object-query"></a> Query Object

Send a `GET` request including the object name inside the URL.

Example for the host `google.com`:

    $ curl -u root:icinga -k -s 'https://localhost:5665/v1/objects/hosts/google.com'

You can select specific attributes by adding them as url parameters using `?attrs=...`. Multiple
attributes must be added one by one, e.g. `?attrs=host.address&attrs=host.name`.

    $ curl -u root:icinga -k -s 'https://localhost:5665/v1/objects/hosts/google.com?attrs=host.name&attrs=host.address' | python -m json.tool
    {
        "results": [
            {
                "attrs": {
                    "host.address": "8.8.8.8",
                    "host.name": "google.com"
                }
            }
        ]
    }


#### <a id="icinga2-api-objects-modify"></a> Modify Object

Existing objects must be modified by sending a `POST` request. The following
parameters need to be passed inside the JSON body:

  Parameters | Description
  -----------|--------------
  name       | **Optional.** If not specified inside the url, this is **Required.**.
  templates  | **Optional.** Import existing object configuration templates.
  attrs      | **Required.** Set specific object attributes for this [object type](6-object-types.md#object-types).


If attributes are of the Dictionary type, you can also use the indexer format:

    "attrs": { "vars.os": "Linux" }


Example for existing object `google.com`:

    $ curl -u root:icinga -k -s 'https://localhost:5665/v1/objects/hosts/google.com' \
    -X POST \
    -d '{ "attrs": { "address": "8.8.4.4", "vars.os" : "Windows" } }' \
    | python -m json.tool
    {
        "results": [
            {
                "code": 200.0,
                "name": "google.com",
                "status": "Attributes updated.",
                "type": "Host"
            }
        ]
    }


#### <a id="icinga2-api-hosts-delete"></a> Delete Host

You can delete objects created using the API by sending a `DELETE`
request. Specify the object name inside the url.

  Parameters | Description
  -----------|--------------
  cascade    | **Optional.** Delete objects depending on the deleted objects (e.g. services on a host).

**Note**: Objects created by apply rules (services, notifications, etc) will implicitely require
to pass the `cascade` parameter on host object deletion.

Example for deleting the host object `google.com`:

    $ curl -u root:icinga -k -s 'https://localhost:5665/v1/objects/hosts/google.com?cascade=1' -X DELETE | python -m json.tool
    {
        "results": [
            {
                "code": 200.0,
                "name": "google.com",
                "status": "Object was deleted.",
                "type": "Host"
            }
        ]
    }


## <a id="icinga2-api-config-management"></a> Configuration Management

The main idea behind configuration management is to allow external applications
creating configuration packages and stages based on configuration files and
directory trees. This replaces any additional SSH connection and whatnot to
dump configuration files to Icinga 2 directly.
In case you are pushing a new configuration stage to a package, Icinga 2 will
validate the configuration asynchronously and populate a status log which
can be fetched in a separated request.


### <a id="icinga2-api-config-management-create-package"></a> Create Config Package

Send a `POST` request to a new config package called `puppet` in this example. This
will create a new empty configuration package.

    $ curl -k -s -u root:icinga -X POST https://localhost:5665/v1/config/packages/puppet | python -m json.tool
    {
        "results": [
            {
                "code": 200.0,
                "package": "puppet",
                "status": "Created package."
            }
        ]
    }


### <a id="icinga2-api-config-management-create-config-stage"></a> Create Configuration to Package Stage

Send a `POST` request to the URL endpoint `/v1/config/stages` including an existing
configuration package, e.g. `puppet`.
The request body must contain the `files` attribute with the value being
a dictionary of file targets and their content.

The example below will create a new file called `test.conf` underneath the `conf.d`
directory populated by the sent configuration.
The Icinga 2 API returns the `package` name this stage was created for, and also
generates a unique name for the `package` attribute you'll need for later requests.

Note: This example contains an error (`chec_command`), do not blindly copy paste it.

    $ curl -k -s -u root:icinga -X POST -d '{ "files": { "conf.d/test.conf": "object Host \"cfg-mgmt\" { chec_command = \"dummy\" }" } }' https://localhost:5665/v1/config/stages/puppet | python -m json.tool
    {
        "results": [
            {
                "code": 200.0,
                "package": "puppet",
                "stage": "nbmif-1441625839-0",
                "status": "Created stage."
            }
        ]
    }

If the configuration fails, the old active stage will remain active.
If everything is successful, the new config stage is activated and live.
Older stages will still be available in order to have some sort of revision
system in place.

Icinga 2 automatically creates the following files in the main configuration package
stage:

  File        | Description
  ------------|--------------
  status      | Contains the [configuration validation](8-cli-commands.md#config-validation) exit code (everything else than 0 indicates an error).
  startup.log | Contains the [configuration validation](8-cli-commands.md#config-validation) output.

You can [fetch these files](9-icinga2-api.md#icinga2-api-config-management-fetch-config-package-stage-files) via API call
after creating a new stage.


### <a id="icinga2-api-config-management-list-config-packages"></a> List Configuration Packages and their Stages

List all config packages, their active stage and other stages.
That way you may iterate of all of them programmatically for
older revisions and their requests.

The following example contains one configuration package `puppet`.
The latter already has a stage created, but it is not active.

    $ curl -k -s -u root:icinga https://localhost:5665/v1/config/packages | python -m json.tool
    {
        "results": [
            {
                "active-stage": "",
                "name": "puppet",
                "stages": [
                    "nbmif-1441625839-0"
                ]
            }
        ]
    }


### <a id="icinga2-api-config-management-list-config-package-stage-files"></a> List Configuration Packages and their Stages

Sent a `GET` request to the URL endpoint `/v1/config/stages` including the package
(`puppet`) and stage (`nbmif-1441625839-0`) name.

    $ curl -k -s -u root:icinga https://localhost:5665/v1/config/stages/puppet/nbmif-1441625839-0 | python -m json.tool
    {
        "results": [
    ...
            {
                "name": "startup.log",
                "type": "file"
            },
            {
                "name": "status",
                "type": "file"
            },
            {
                "name": "conf.d",
                "type": "directory"
            },
            {
                "name": "zones.d",
                "type": "directory"
            },
            {
                "name": "conf.d/test.conf",
                "type": "file"
            }
        ]
    }


### <a id="icinga2-api-config-management-fetch-config-package-stage-files"></a> Fetch Configuration Package Stage Files

Send a `GET` request to the URL endpoint `/v1/config/files` including
the package name, the stage name and the relative path to the file.
Note: You cannot use dots in paths.

You can fetch a [list of existing files](9-icinga2-api.md#icinga2-api-config-management-list-config-package-stage-files)
in a configuration stage and then specifically request their content.

The following example fetches the faulty configuration inside `conf.d/test.conf`
for further analysis.

    $ curl -k -s -u root:icinga https://localhost:5665/v1/config/files/puppet/nbmif-1441625839-0/conf.d/test.conf
    object Host "cfg-mgmt" { chec_command = "dummy" }

Note: The returned files are plain-text instead of JSON-encoded.


### <a id="icinga2-api-config-management-config-package-stage-errors"></a> Configuration Package Stage Errors

Now that we don’t have an active stage for `puppet` yet seen [here](9-icinga2-api.md#icinga2-api-config-management-list-config-packages),
there must have been an error.

Fetch the `startup.log` file and check the config validation errors:

    $ curl -k -s -u root:icinga https://localhost:5665/v1/config/files/puppet/imagine-1441133065-1/startup.log
    ...

    critical/config: Error: Attribute 'chec_command' does not exist.
    Location:
    /var/lib/icinga2/api/packages/puppet/imagine-1441133065-1/conf.d/test.conf(1): object Host "cfg-mgmt" { chec_command = "dummy" }
                                                                                                           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

    critical/config: 1 error

The output is similar to the manual [configuration validation](8-cli-commands.md#config-validation).